Offshore apparatus and method

Abstract

An offshore platform for use in combination with an offshore rig comprises an upper deck defining an upper deck aperture which is alignable with a rig aperture of the offshore rig, when said offshore rig extends over the upper deck, to permit objects to extend between the offshore rig and through the upper deck. The offshore platform further includes a sheath arrangement aligned with the upper deck aperture and extending upwardly relative to the upper deck to be alignable with the rig aperture, wherein the sheath arrangement defines a confinement zone for confining objects which pass downwardly from the offshore rig through the rig aperture.

Claims

1. An offshore platform for use in combination with an offshore rig, comprising: an upper deck defining a first upper deck aperture, the first upper deck aperture being alignable with a first rig aperture of the offshore rig by displacing the offshore ring to extend over the upper deck, whereby objects become permitted to extend between the offshore rig and through the upper deck; and a first sheath arrangement aligned with the first upper deck aperture and extending upwardly relative to the upper deck to be alignable with the first rig aperture, wherein the sheath arrangement defines a first confinement zone for confining objects which pass downwardly from the offshore rig through the first rig aperture.

2. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the offshore platform is an offshore wellhead platform configured to accommodate an upper terminating end of at least one well.

3. The offshore platform according to claim 2, wherein the terminating upper end of the at least one well is alignable with the first upper deck aperture.

4. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement circumscribes the first upper deck aperture.

5. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement extends upwardly from the level of the upper deck.

6. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement is securable around a peripheral region of the first upper deck aperture.

7. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement is securable around a peripheral region of the first rig aperture.

8. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement extends through the first upper deck aperture.

9. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement extends through the first rig aperture.

10. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the first sheath arrangement is rigid.

11. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the first sheath arrangement is flexible to define a sheath curtain.

12. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the first sheath arrangement is supported by at least one of the upper deck and the offshore rig.

13. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the first sheath arrangement is at least one of: extended from the offshore rig during deployment of the first sheath arrangement; and extended from the offshore platform and upwardly towards the offshore rig during deployment of the first sheath arrangement.

14. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement comprises a hoisting support arrangement.

15. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement comprises a first component connected or mounted to the offshore platform, and a second component connected or mounted to the offshore rig.

16. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement comprises a compliant portion.

17. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement is telescopic.

18. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the first sheath arrangement extends downwardly relative to the upper deck towards a first lower deck to define a lower confinement zone for confining objects passing between the upper and first lower decks.

19. The offshore platform according to claim 18, wherein the first sheath arrangement defines an upper sheath portion extending upwardly relative to the upper deck and a lower sheath portion extending downwardly relative to the upper deck.

20. The offshore platform according to claim 1 wherein the offshore rig comprises a cantilever portion which is extendable over the upper deck of the offshore platform, the cantilever portion defining the first rig aperture.

21. The offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the upper deck defines a second upper deck aperture which is alignable with a second rig aperture of the offshore rig, when said offshore rig extends over the upper deck, to permit objects to extend between the offshore rig and through the upper deck.

22. The offshore platform according to claim 21, comprising a second sheath arrangement aligned with the second upper deck aperture and extending upwardly relative to the upper deck to be alignable with the second rig aperture, wherein the second sheath arrangement defines a second confinement zone for confining objects which pass downwardly from the offshore rig through the second rig aperture.

23. A method for confining objects extending between an offshore platform and an offshore rig which extends over an upper deck of the offshore platform such that an upper deck aperture of the offshore platform is alignable with a rig aperture of the offshore rig by displacing the offshore rig to extend over the upper deck, the method comprising: extending a sheath arrangement between the upper deck of the offshore platform and the offshore rig such that the sheath arrangement is aligned with the upper deck aperture and the rig aperture and defines a confinement zone for confining objects which pass downwardly from the offshore rig through the rig aperture.

24. An offshore platform for use in combination with an offshore rig, comprising: an upper deck defining a first upper deck aperture which is alignable with a first rig aperture of the offshore rig when said offshore rig extends over the upper deck, to permit objects to extend between the offshore rig and through the upper deck; and a first sheath arrangement aligned with the first upper deck aperture and extending upwardly relative to the upper deck to be alignable with the first rig aperture, wherein the sheath arrangement defines a first confinement zone for confining objects which pass downwardly from the offshore rig through the first rig aperture, wherein the offshore rig defines a first drill center and the first rig aperture is provided on the first drill center such that the first drill center is positionable within the first confinement zone defined by the first sheath.

25. The offshore platform according to claim 24, wherein the offshore platform accommodates multiple wells arranged in a cluster.

26. The offshore platform according to claim 25, wherein the upper end of at least one of the multiple wells is moveable to be selectively aligned and misaligned with the first drill center of the offshore rig.

27. An offshore system, comprising: an offshore platform having an upper deck defining an upper deck aperture; an offshore rig having a rig aperture, wherein the offshore rig is extendable over the upper deck of the offshore platform by displacing the offshore rig to align the rig aperture with the upper deck aperture and permit objects to extend between the offshore rig and through the upper deck; and a sheath arrangement extendable between the upper deck of the offshore platform and the offshore rig such that the sheath arrangement is aligned with the upper deck aperture and the rig aperture and defines a confinement zone for confining objects which pass downwardly from the offshore rig through the rig aperture.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) These and other aspects and examples will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1A is a diagrammatic illustration of a portion of an example offshore platform which includes a sheath arrangement, prior to positioning of a cantilever portion of a separate drilling rig;

(3) FIG. 1B illustrates the platform of FIG. 1A, with the cantilever portion of the drilling rig aligned above the platform;

(4) FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a modified example of an offshore platform;

(5) FIG. 3A is a diagrammatic illustration of a further example of an offshore platform during the process of deploying a sheath arrangement;

(6) FIG. 3B illustrates the offshore platform of FIG. 4A, with the sheath arrangement deployed;

(7) FIG. 4A is a diagrammatic illustration of a further example of an offshore platform prior to complete deployment of a sheath arrangement;

(8) FIG. 4B illustrates the offshore platform of FIG. 5A, with the sheath arrangement fully deployed;

(9) FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of a further example of an offshore platform;

(10) FIG. 6A is a diagrammatic illustration of a cross sectional view through a plate arrangement of FIG. 6B;

(11) FIG. 6B is a diagrammatic illustration of a further example of a sheath arrangement including the plate arrangement; and

(12) FIG. 6C illustrates the plate arrangement of FIG. 6B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(13) FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates an offshore platform, specifically an offshore wellhead platform, generally identified by reference numeral 10, which extends above a sea surface 12. The platform 10 accommodates a number of well structures 14 which extend from their terminating upper ends 16, through the sea and into the seabed, to intercept a subterranean formation. As is known in the art, the well structures 14 will typically include an outer conductor pipe and a number of concentrically arranged casing strings cemented within the conductor pipe. Each well structure 14 terminates at a wellhead 18 and is capped with a production or X-mas tree 20.

(14) The platform 10 includes a number of decks, including an upper deck 22, a first lower deck 24 and a second lower deck 26 arranged one above the other. Multiple terms are used in the art to define or classify each deck. For example, the upper deck 22 may be known as a weather deck. The first lower deck 24 may be defined as a wellhead or tree deck, in that, at least in the present example, the wellheads 18 and production trees 20 are located generally at the level of the first lower deck 24. The second lower deck 26 may be defined as a cellar deck.

(15) The upper deck 22 defines an upper deck aperture 28, and the first lower deck 24 defines a first lower deck aperture 30, wherein the respective apertures 28, 30 are aligned on a platform axis 32. The second lower deck 26 may also include a corresponding aperture, although this is not illustrated. In the example illustrated the wells 14 are arranged in a cluster around the platform axis. Whenever well access is required, for example during well construction, intervention or the like, the upper end 16 of the well 14 is moved into line with the platform axis 32, resulting in bending of the well 14, as exemplified by well 14a. Such movement may be performed as described in the applicant's co-pending patent applications DK PA2015 00668 and GB 1522856.2, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

(16) The offshore platform 10 includes or is associated with a sheath arrangement 34 which is aligned on the platform axis 32 and includes an upper portion 36 which extends upwardly relative to the upper deck 22, and a lower portion 38 which extends downwardly relative to the upper deck 22 towards the lower deck 24. The lower portion 38 in the illustrated example terminates just above the first lower deck 24. The sheath arrangement 34 thus defines a confinement zone 40 above both the upper and first lower decks 22, 24.

(17) In typical offshore operations a rig will be operated alongside a wellhead platform, to perform operations such as drilling, installing well infrastructure, performing workover or intervention operations, and the like. In FIG. 1 a rig cantilever 42 is illustrated alongside the offshore platform 10. The rig cantilever 42 includes a BOP enclosure 44 which includes a rig floor 46 (which may be defined as a drill floor), with a rig aperture 48 defined in the rig floor 46. The rig cantilever 42 defines a drill centre 50 which is aligned with the rig aperture 48.

(18) The rig cantilever 42 will be moved over the offshore platform 10, as illustrated in FIG. 1B, such that the drill centre 50 of the rig cantilever 42 is aligned with the platform axis 32. When the rig cantilever 42 is in place, the sheath arrangement 34 is thus aligned with the rig aperture 48, such that all operations from the rig cantilever 42 are performed through the sheath arrangement 34, specifically within the confinement zone 40 defined by the sheath arrangement 34, thus improving safety on the upper and first lower decks 22, 24. In the example illustrated in FIG. 1B a drilling operation is being performed through well 14a, using typical drilling equipment such as a drilling BOP 52, drilling riser 54 and the like.

(19) In addition to normal operations through the sheath arrangement 34, the confinement zone 40 may also function to confine objects which are accidentally dropped through the rig aperture 48. In addition to improved personnel safety, this can also assist to minimise risk of damage to equipment, such as the wellheads 18 and production trees 20 accommodated on the platform 10.

(20) In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B the sheath arrangement includes one or more rigid tubular bodies, which may be made from metal, such as steel. However, in other examples other material may be used, such as polymers, composite material or the like.

(21) In a modified example, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the sheath arrangement 34 may include a second lower section 56 (shown in broken outline) which extends below the first lower deck 24 towards the second lower deck 26.

(22) Further, the sheath arrangement 34, and specifically the upper portion 36 of the sheath arrangement 34 includes supports in the form of cantilever support arms 60. Although two arms 60 are illustrated in FIG. 2 more or less arms may be provided. The arms 60 may be used for a number of support operations, effectively permitting the sheath arrangement to act as a structural component for supporting load. In FIG. 2 one arm 60 is illustrated in use as a hoisting point, permitting manipulation of a load, such as the illustrated production tree 20a, in combination with a wire 62 and associated winch 64.

(23) Reference is now made to FIG. 3A in which a further modified example of an offshore platform 110 is illustrated. The platform 110 is similar in many respects to platform 10 of FIGS. 1A and 1B and as such like features share like reference numerals, incremented by 100. Thus, the platform 110 includes an upper deck 122, a first lower deck 124 and a second lower deck 126, wherein the upper deck 122 defines an upper deck aperture 128, and the first lower deck 124 defines a first lower deck aperture 130.

(24) In the present example a sheath arrangement 134 is also provided. However, in this example a lower section 138 of the sheath arrangement 134 is mounted on the upper deck 122, extending through the upper deck aperture 128 towards the first lower deck 124, with a short stub portion 138a extending upwardly from the upper deck 122. The sheath arrangement 134 includes a separate upper section 136, which in FIG. 3A is shown being passed downwardly from a rig cantilever 142, through a rig aperture 148 formed in a rig floor 146.

(25) When fully deployed from the rig cantilever 142, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, the upper sheath section 136 is received over the stub portion 138a of the lower sheath section 138, thus creating a confinement zone 140 for confining objects passing downwardly through the rig aperture 148.

(26) A further modified example of an offshore platform 210 is illustrated in FIG. 4A. The platform 210 is similar in many respects to platform 110 of FIGS. 3A and 3B and as such like features share like reference numerals, incremented by 100. Thus, the platform 210 includes an upper deck 222, a first lower deck 224 and a second lower deck 226, wherein the upper deck 222 defines an upper deck aperture 228, and the first lower deck 224 defines a first lower deck aperture 230.

(27) In the present example a sheath arrangement 234 is also provided, with a lower section 238 of the sheath arrangement 234 mounted on the upper deck 222, extending through the upper deck aperture 228 towards the first lower deck 224, with a short stub portion 238a extending upwardly from the upper deck 222. The sheath arrangement 234 includes a separate upper section 236, which is provided in the form of a flexible curtain suspended from the floor 246 of a rig cantilever 242, around the periphery of a rig aperture 248. The flexible curtain may be formed from a chain-link material, for example.

(28) In FIG. 4A the upper sheath section 236 is shown in a retracted, or folded, state. When fully deployed from the rig cantilever 242, as illustrated in FIG. 4B, the upper sheath section 236 is received over the stub portion 238a of the lower sheath section 238, thus creating a confinement zone 240 for confining objects passing downwardly through the rig aperture 248. The lower end of the flexible upper sheath section 236 may be tethered or otherwise secured to the upper deck 222.

(29) In the examples provided above the rig cantilever includes a single drill centre. However, in other examples an offshore platform may be provided which is operational with a rig cantilever which includes multiple drill centres, such as in the example illustrated in FIG. 5. In this example the offshore platform 310 includes a number of decks, including an upper deck 322, a first lower deck 324 and a second lower deck 326 arranged one above the other. The upper deck 322 defines two upper deck apertures 328a, 328b, and the first lower deck 324 defines two first lower deck apertures 330a, 330b, wherein the respective apertures 328a, 328b, 330a, 330b are aligned on first and second platform axes 332a, 332b. In the example illustrated separate clusters of wells 14 are arranged around the platform axes 332a, 332b.

(30) A rig cantilever 342 is operated over the platform 310, wherein the rig cantilever 342 includes first and second drill centres 350a, 350b which are aligned with the respective first and second platform axes 332a, 332b. The rig cantilever 342 includes first and second rig apertures 348a, 348b provided on the respective first and second drill centres 350a, 350b.

(31) A first sheath arrangement 334a is aligned on the first platform axis 332a, and includes an upper portion 336a which extends upwardly relative to the upper deck 322, and a lower portion 338a which extends downwardly relative to the upper deck 322 towards the lower deck 324. The first sheath arrangement 334a thus defines a first confinement zone 340a above both the upper and first lower decks 322, 324.

(32) A second sheath arrangement 334b is aligned on the second platform axis 332b, and includes an upper portion 336b which extends upwardly relative to the upper deck 322, and a lower portion 338b which extends downwardly relative to the upper deck 322 towards the lower deck 324. The second sheath arrangement 334b thus defines a second confinement zone 340b above both the upper and first lower decks 322, 324.

(33) The provision of the separate drill centres 350a, 350b may permit multiple operations to be performed simultaneously. For example, in the illustrated example of FIG. 5 a drilling operation is being performed along the first drill centre 350a, whereas a conductor pipe 80 is being deployed along the second drill centre 350b.

(34) Thus, during operations any objects passing, for example dropped, from the rig cantilever 342 will be confined within the first and second confinement zones 340a, 340b defined by the respective first and second sheath arrangements 334a, 334b.

(35) Reference is now made to FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C in which a further example of a sheath arrangement 434 is illustrated. The sheath arrangement 434 is similar in many respects to the sheath arrangement 34 shown in relation to platform 10 of FIGS. 1A and 1B and as such like features share like reference numerals, incremented by 400. Thus, the platform (not shown) in which sheath arrangement 434 is to be used includes an upper deck 422, a first lower deck 424 and a second lower deck 426, wherein the upper deck 422 defines an upper deck aperture 428, and the first lower deck 424 defines a first lower deck aperture 430. The new features shown in relation to the sheath arrangement 434 in the example of the offshore platform in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C are equally applicable to the offshore platform 110, 210 and 310 of previous examples.

(36) FIG. 6A shows a cross sectional view through a plate arrangement 470 of FIG. 6B (as will be explained). The plate arrangement 470 is configured to allow, or indeed prevent, access to a cluster of wells 414 around a platform axis 432. In this example, six wells 414 are shown but in other embodiments there could be more or fewer. In a similar manner to that explained for FIG. 1, well 414a has been bent into line with the platform axis 432 and is thus located centrally within the cluster of wells (e.g. at the drill centre). The sheath arrangement 434 (not shown) is aligned with the platform axis 432 and is also located centrally within the cluster of wells 414. In this example, the plate arrangement 470 is located at the bottom of the sheath arrangement 434. However in other examples, the sheath arrangement 434 can also extend below the plate arrangement 470.

(37) Here, the plate arrangement 470 is located on the outside of the sheath arrangement 434 and can be considered to extend horizontally outwardly from the sheath arrangement 434 to form a flange that covers the area above the wells 414. While in some cases, the plate arrangement 470 may be positioned relative to the sheath arrangement 434 when use is desired, in this example the plate arrangement 470 may be considered to be attached to the sheath arrangement 434. The plate arrangement 470 is intended to be located between upper deck 422 and a first lower deck 424, i.e. directly above production trees 420 located above the first lower deck 424. In other embodiments, the plate arrangement 470 may be located above upper deck 422 or at another position along the sheath arrangement 434. In other embodiments, the plate arrangement 470 may cover only some of the wells 414.

(38) A perspective view of the sheath arrangement 434 and the plate arrangement 470 is shown in FIG. 6B with the sheath arrangement 434 extending both above and below the horizontal plane of the plate arrangement 470. Here, the plate arrangement 470 is provided with operable hatches 472 (shown in FIG. 6B), which are openable and closable. The hatches 472 can be raised and lowered to open and close respectively by retaining members 475. In this example, there are six hatches 472, one for access to each well 414. In other embodiments, there may be fewer or more than six hatches 472 provided in the plate arrangement 470. When opened, the hatches 472 provide plate apertures 473 in the plate arrangement 470. The hatches 472 allow operations to be carried out on the other wells 414 through the apertures 473 when the sheath arrangement 434 is above well 414a. The hatches 472 also allow equipment to be passed through the plate arrangement 470 (e.g. when needed). For example, intervention operations (e.g. wireline operations) can be carried out in one or more wells 414 through the plate apertures 473 while drilling is occurring through the sheath arrangement 434 in well 414a.

(39) Further, referring now to FIG. 6C, separation plates 474 are provided in the example, which extend downwards from the plate arrangement 470. The separation plates 474 can also be seen in FIG. 6A. Six separation plates 474 are provided in this example but more or fewer could be provided depending on the number of wells 414. The bottoms of the separation plates 474 come into contact with the first lower deck 424 before the plate arrangement 470 contacts the wellheads of the wells 14 when the sheath arrangement 434 is lowered. This may reduce impact on the wellheads of the wells 414.

(40) The separation plates 474 are configured to assist with safety by further confining objects that may be accidentally dropped through hatches 472. That is, objects dropped through the hatches 472 at an angle to the vertical will impact the separation plates 474 and thus be confined to an area between the separation plates 474 and those adjacent wells. In this embodiment, the separation plates 474 are straight and extend outwardly from the sheath arrangement 434 but, in other embodiments, they could be any other suitable shape. There are spaces between the separation plates 474 to allow movement of the wells 414 to the platform axis 432.

(41) Further shown here is an access hatch 476, which is provided in the sheath arrangement 434 as shown by dotted lines in FIG. 6B. The access hatch 476 allows access to the confinement zone 440 of the sheath arrangement 434. Although the access hatch 476 is intended in this example to be above the upper deck 422, it may be located in any position along the sheath arrangement 434, e.g. between the first lower deck 424 and the second lower deck 426. However, the access hatch 476 may be arranged such that, when in situ, the access hatch 476 is user accessible from a deck (e.g. the upper deck). Such an access hatch 476, when opened, may permit access to the equipment passing within the sheath arrangement 434.

(42) It will readily be appreciated that in some examples it may be helpful for the sheath arrangement 434 to flex compliantly in order to accommodate relative movement between the offshore rig and upper deck 422, when in use. Compliance, in this regard may be considered to mean, for example, the sheath arrangement 434 may be axially and/or longitudinally compliant in order to accommodate some relative movement between the offshore rig and upper deck 422, when in use.

(43) In some examples, that compliance may be provided by the structure of the sheath arrangement 434 itself. Otherwise, and in the example shown, the sheath arrangement 434 may comprise compliant portions, (e.g. one or more flex joints (not shown)). Here, the flex joint is provided by a portion of the sheath arrangement 434 that is flexible. That is, the flex joint is not rigid and can bend etc. to accommodate the difference in motion between the platform 410 and the rig cantilever (not shown).

(44) While in some of the above examples, the various embodiments have been described using the sheath arrangement 434 together with the rig cantilever, it will be appreciated that the sheath arrangement 434 may be readily useable when also performing intervention operations, e.g. using wireline line setups. That is, while drilling is occurring in one well structure, wireline operations can be carried out in another well structure. A skilled reader will readily be able to implement these embodiments accordingly.

(45) It should be understood the examples described above are indeed merely exemplary and that various modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention.