Smart Capacitive Network Motion Sensor Detection System

Abstract

A system that wirelessly integrates actual game equipment with a computer and the internet to allow players remotely located from one another to play a competitive real or simulated sports game such as golf. An individual player may opt to play solo or practice to improve basic sports techniques. The system includes, but is not limited to, golf clubs, and motion sensing devices, all containing circuits, contact and or noncontact motion sensors coupled with signal processing and radio frequency transmitter circuitry to wirelessly communicate game data performance information to a remote receiver-computer. The computer displays player information and visually simulates and controls a game between one or more local players or via the internet having similar equipment and remotely located from each other. This invention uses the electric field of a capacitive plate for sensing object proximity, motion, and geometry. More particularly, the invention relates to a system wherein the physical geometry in part of an object, and or its spatial orientation, motion, and an environmental change of state can be detected due to signal variances and or from a change in the dielectric of a capacitor array. The invention also uses the coupling of sports equipment and a computer to communicate information wirelessly to a remote computer, and thereby, if desired, to the internet. Standard golf clubs may be retrofitted with the sensors and associated circuitry to convert such clubs into smart clubs for use with the system. The system employs specially developed computer software to process player performance data, control game play, communicate game information between local and remote players, generate and control visual simulations, and display player performance information and dynamic motion parameters.

Claims

1. A sports implement motion sensing and proximity detection device, comprising: a plurality of motion sensors uniformly distributed upon and or proximate to a device surface area; a communications circuit connected with a plurality of sensors to transmit an electromagnetic signal upon one or more of the sensors detecting the motion of a sports implement over said device; a noncontact event means for acquiring information from an array of noncontact sensors and transmitting these data via a first communications link wirelessly to a receiver for analysis by a first computer; detecting digitally coded wireless transmissions from data derived from data acquired from said first communications link and said noncontact sensor arrays encompassing a proximity device, and or a motion sensing plate, remotely connected to said noncontact event means for acquiring information from said array of sensors and transmitting these data via a first communications link wirelessly to a receiver for analysis by a first computer; a second computer programmed to communicate with one or more said first computers; and a second communications link for transmitting data derived from data acquired by said first computers to said second computer, wherein said second computer is programmed to cause the transfer of local player events from a remote player site to one or more remote player sites for presentation to remote players, monitors and controls initialization and the sequential play of the game, or alternatively, the individual player practice session.

2. The motion sensing and proximity detection device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of motion detecting sensors comprise a plurality of capacitors connected in a capacitor array and adapted to create electromagnetic fields at an upper surface of the device upon energizing at an alternating voltage frequency.

3. The motion sensing and proximity detection device of claim 2, wherein the sensing device is a multilayer plate including at least one continuous conductive layer and a plurality of electrically isolated conductive platelets spaced from and located above at least one continuous conductive layer with a dielectric sandwiched between them to form the motion sensors.

4. The motion sensing and proximity detection device of either 2 or 3, further comprising an array of comparators connected to each one of the sensors.

5. The motion sensing and proximity detection device according to claim 1, wherein the communications circuit includes a wireless electromagnetic signal radio frequency transmitter.

6. The motion sensing and proximity detection device of claim 1, wherein players are notified when it is their respective turn to play, measure player time delays, disconnect remote player sites with excessive time delays, and conduct an internet search for other opponents if the remaining players wish to continue the game.

7. The motion sensing and proximity detection device as recited in claim 1, further comprising: a top motion plate; a bottom motion plate; a first electrode; a second electrode; a homogenous electrically conductive interior surface; a capacitive platelet; a capacitive network; capacitive components of the motion sensing plate; a network of electrical comparator amplifiers; a multiplexer; a transmitter; and an antenna, wherein the sports implement motion sensor acquires sensor data of varying characteristics of capacitance representing the velocity, and or proximity, of a sports implement, relative to the surface of said device to detect the translational path, and or proximity of said sports implement.

8. The motion sensing and proximity detection device system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first communications link includes a wireless signal receiver.

10. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a coaxial cable, wherein an electrode terminal is coupled to the first electrode via a center conductor of the coaxial cable, and wherein a shield output of the electric field capacitive sensor is coupled to the conductive layer via an outer shield of the coaxial cable.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the shield output maintains approximately zero voltage differential between the center conductor and the outer shield.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sensor data represents the velocity, and or proximity, and or geometry, and or spatial orientation of a sports implement relative to the surface of said device.

13. A sports implement motion sensing device comprising: a plurality of motion sensors uniformly distributed upon and or proximate to a device surface area; and a communications circuit connected with the plurality sensors to transmit an electromagnetic signal upon one or more of the sensors detecting and object or sports implement motion over the device.

14. The sports implement motion sensing device of claim 13, wherein the plurality of motion detecting sensors comprise a plurality of capacitors connected in a capacitor array and adapted to create electromagnetic fields at an upper surface of the device upon energization with a sub gigahertz frequency alternating voltage.

15. The sports implement motion sensing device of claim 14, wherein the sensing device is a multilayer plate including at least one continuous conductive layer and a plurality of electrically isolated conductive platelets spaced from and located above the at least one continuous conductive layer to form the motion sensors.

16. The sports implement motion sensing device apparatus of either claim 14 or 15, further comprising an array of comparators connected to each one of the sensors.

17. The sports implement motion sensing device according to claim 13, wherein the communications circuit includes a wireless electromagnetic signal transmitting circuit.

18. The sports implement motion sensing device of claim 17, wherein the wireless electromagnetic signal transmitting circuit is a radio frequency transmitter.

19. The sports implement motion sensing device of claim 13, wherein the motion sensing device is remotely connected via the communications link to transmit data electrically or wirelessly to a first computer receiver for analysis by a first computer.

20. The sports implement motion sensing device of claim 13, wherein said first computer is remotely connected via the communications link to transmit data wirelessly to a second computer receiver, for analysis by a second computer for display on a computer display screen.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of components of a computer implemented game system according to this invention.

[0023] FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a golf club with sensors and circuitry used in the computer implemented system of FIG. 1.

[0024] FIG. 3 is a front elevation view of the golf club head of FIG. 2 and shows three sensors located at the face of the club head.

[0025] FIG. 3A is a front plan view of a further embodiment of a club head for use with the computer implemented golf system of FIG. 1.

[0026] FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic front plan view of a putter with a club head and circuitry forming a further, alternative embodiment of a club for use with the computer implemented system of FIG. 1.

[0027] FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a club head electronics installation for use with the club heads of FIGS. 2-4.

[0028] FIG. 6A is a front elevation view of a golf ball receptacle for use with the system of FIG. 1.

[0029] FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view along the lines B-B of FIG. 6A.

[0030] FIG. 6C is a fragmentary top plan view of the receptacle of FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrating internal components of the receptacle.

[0031] FIG. 7 is a top plan view of a golf ball sensing element with three distinct activation areas for use in the receptacle of FIGS. 6A-6C.

[0032] FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a receptacle electronics installation for communicating with the computer in a computer implemented system according to FIG. 1.

[0033] FIGS. 9A-9D, are diagrammatic illustrations of a golf club motion or swing sensor plate for use with the system according to FIG. 1.

[0034] FIG. 9E is a block diagram of electronics used in association with the swing sensor plate of FIGS. 9A-9D.

[0035] FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a receiver computer installation for use as the computer and information receiving interconnect of the system of FIG. 1.

[0036] FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of the software operation of the computer of FIG. 10.

[0037] FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrative of a client-server portion of the operation of the computer of FIG. 10 operating as indicated in the block diagram of FIG. 11.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

1. Smart Golf Club

[0038] The smart golf club 20 has a head 40 and a shaft 42. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the head 40 has a shaft opening 42, a plurality of embedded contact sensors 46 (three are illustrated in the preferred embodiment), and the internal electronics circuitry 48 including a wireless radio frequency transmitter (58 in FIG. 5). As shown, at least one of the sensors 46 is located at or proximate to the optimal location on a club face 47 for contact with the golf ball, the sweet spot 49. The remaining two sensors are adjacent and on either side of the sweet spot 49. The contact sensors may be, but are not limited to, pressure sensors employing piezo-active type transducers, specifically, either piezoelectric and or piezoresistive transducers (similar, but is not limited to, the Cooper Instruments LPM 562).

[0039] In an alternative embodiment, FIG. 3A, three sensors 46 are applied to the face of an adapted club by a Mylar tape or other means 49. Again, the electronic circuitry is internal to the club head 40 and connects to the sensors 46 by leads 27.

[0040] In a second alternative embodiment, to retrofit a standard golf club, contact sensors 46 are part of an adapter 40 attached to an ordinary club head as seen in FIG. 4 and wire connected to an electronic circuitry 48 attached to the club shaft 42 or elsewhere on the club.

[0041] A golf ball contacting any sensor 46 produces a detectable variance indication the magnitude and duration of sensor-ball impact. The variance may be a change in resistance of a micro sensor and or a piezoresistive transducer and or a voltage change in the case of a piezoelectric transducer. As shown in FIG. 5, the variance is detected and amplified by an associated amplifier 52 and is the input to an associated integration circuit 54, the output of which represents the energy and time duration of the ball-club contact event. Connected to the integration circuit 54, a microcontroller 56 is a multi-input signal processing circuit (similar, but not limited to, a NXP MC9S08) having analog to digital signal converting circuits (ADCs), one for each input channel, and a sequential digital signal encoding circuit connected so as to convert the ADC outputs into a time multiplexed serial digital data stream containing a binary-coded word for each channel indicating the energy of the associated sensor-ball impact event.

[0042] A radio frequency transmitting circuit 58 receives the serial digital data from the microcontroller 56 and wirelessly transmits the information via an internal antenna 60 to a receiver 26 (FIG. 1) for subsequent processing by the computer 28.

2. Ball Receptacle

[0043] The golf ball receptacle 22 has a top 62 shaped to allow entry of a golf ball, as shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C. The receptacle has a contact sensor pad 64, shown in FIG. 7, containing at least one contact sensor (three different activation areas 65, 66, and 67 are illustrated in the preferred embodiment), a ball return mechanism 69 (FIG. 6B) and internal electronic circuitry 68 (FIG. 6B). The internal circuitry includes a wireless radio frequency transmitter (not separately shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C). As shown, the preferred embodiment has contact sensor pad 64 positioned within the receptacle 60 such that the center activation area 66 aligns with the center of a ball entry 70. Additional sensor activation area 65 and 67 are adjacent, one on either side of the center area 66. In the preferred embodiment, of FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C, and like the sensor used at the face of the club, the sensors may be, but are not limited to, sensors employing piezo-active type transducers.

[0044] A golf ball entering the receptacle 60 and containing the sensor pad 65, 66, or 67 produces a detectable variance indicating the ball entry event. The variance may be a change in resistance in the case of a piezoresistive transducer (similar, but not limited to, Cooper Instruments LPM 562) and or a voltage change in the case of a piezoelectric transducer. As illustrated in FIG. 8, the variance is detected and amplified by an associated amplifier 71. The amplified signal then is input to a microcontroller 72 having an analog to digital signal converting circuit (ADC) and a digital signal encoding circuit connected so as to convert the ADC output, representing the sensors signals into a serial digital data stream containing a binary-coded word indicating the sensor-ball contact event. The microcontroller 72 may be the same or similar to the microcontroller 56 of the golf club electronics. A radio frequency transmitter circuit 74 receives the serial digital data from the microcontroller 72 and wirelessly transmits the information via an internal antenna 76 to the receiver 26 (FIG. 1) for subsequent processing by the computer 28.

[0045] The ball return mechanism 68 can be a simple back plate 80 located to be engaged by a ball entering the receptacle 22 and supported and biased by a spring or springs 82 to eject the ball. Other known ejection devices similar to those used in pinball machines and either mechanically or even electrically activated can be used to improve the effect if desired.

[0046] The receptacle configuration is susceptible to much variation. The receptacle illustrated and described above is well suited to indoor use, on carpet for example. It is clear, however, that an actual cup, installed in an actual green, with real or synthetic grass, can be similarly equipped.

3. Motion Sensor Plate

[0047] The motion sensor plate 80 having a top motion plate 82 and a bottom motion plate 84 is diagrammatically shown in FIGS. 9A-D, wherein the top motion plate 82 contains a plurality of capacitor-forming electrically isolated platelets 83 (twelve platelets are illustrated in this exemplary preferred embodiment). They are evenly distributed at or just below the top plate's exterior upper surface 82. The bottom plate 84 has a homogenous electrically conductive interior surface 85 underlying the platelets 83. Each capacitive platelet 83 contained in the top motion plate 82 forms a capacitive component when the top and bottom motion plates are vertically closely spaced to form the motion sensor plate. A suitable dielectric insulator may be sandwiched between the two plates. The structure is adhesively or otherwise mechanically joined and it may be covered or coated as desired. The result is a golf club motion sensor plate 80 containing a capacitor matrix (a 34 capacitor matrix is illustrated in the preferred embodiment. The capacitive components 83 are connected to form a capacitive network 88 as is indicated in FIG. 9E.

[0048] Applying an energizing high frequency alternating electrical signal having a frequency in the range of, but not limited to, from 100 MHz to 200 MHz from an oscillator 87 to the motion plate capacitive network 88 produces an electromagnetic field above the surface of each platelet 83 of the capacitive components of the motion sensor plate 80. Any object, including a golf club, passing near the surface of the energized motion plate will cause a perturbation of the electromagnetic field as illustrated by the sample possible pathways 90 across the plate in FIG. 9C. A network 92 of electrical comparator amplifiers (FIG. 9B) is connected to the capacitor network. The comparators of the network 92 are connected one-to-one with the capacitive elements of the capacitive network 88. The comparators of the network 88 detect voltage variations occasioned by the electromagnetic field disturbance due to a golf cub moving over certain of the capacitive elements of the motion plate. Each different golf club motion over the energized motion plate will produce a uniquely identifiable signal from the comparator amplifier network. There are a variety of known proximity sensors that could be gathered together in an array like that of the platelets 83 to serve as the transducer portion of the golf club and or sports implement motion detector.

[0049] The electrical signal from the comparative amplifier network 92 is applied to an analog-to-digital signal converter 94 (ADC) and the ADC digitized output signal is converted into a serial digital data stream by a multiplexer 96. This data identifies each platelet having had its field disturbed. The serial digital data can be input directly by wire from a multiplexer 96 to the computer 28 located at the site of the player and motion sensor plate 80, or as in the preferred embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 1, the serial data can be transmitted 100 and an antenna 102, included in the motion detector electronic transmitter communication circuitry from FIG. 1.

[0050] The computer 28, under the control of the game system software, will analyze the serial digital club motion signal, recognize from the transmitted signals the platelets 83 over which the club head passed and display the golf club swing motion.

[0051] The motion sensors further comprise spatial orientation devices such as a gyro meter and an accelerometer to derive spatial orientation and or translational acceleration data housed inside or mounted to the golf club, sports implement, or gaming item. A gyroscope or equivalently a gyro meter is hereon and heretofore understood to be, and or comprise, spatial orientation devices, and each of the latter is understood to be included in the former.

4. Wireless Signal Receiver and Computer

[0052] At each player site, a wireless radio frequency signal receiver 26 is connected to the computer 28 by either the serial (USB) or parallel computer ports as shown in the functional block diagram, FIG. 10. The wireless signal receiver 26 detects digitally coded radio frequency transmissions from the communication circuit associated with any of a smart golf club 20, a golf ball receptacle 22, or a motion sensing plate 24, as shown in FIG. 1. The received transmissions are demodulated by the RF receiver circuitry 122 (FIG. 10) connected to a microcontroller 124, which converts the demodulated data signal to serial binary coded data suitable for communications to a computer 28. The computer 28, under the control of the internally installed game system software program, monitors and directs the flow of communications between remotely located players via the internet and displays the game simulations and performance information. In appropriate installations the wireless electromagnetic signals that communicate with the receiver may be infrared communications.

5. Computer Golfing Software

[0053] At each remote player site, the computer 28 (FIG. 1) under the control of the golfing software program (shown in the golfing software system functional block diagram, FIG. 11) monitors and controls initialization and the sequential play of the golf game, or alternatively, the individual player practice session. Upon startup by a player at a particular site, the system input parameters are set and the system internet and player port interfaces are initialized 130 as indicated by the arrows 130A and 130B. For internet communications, the serial port listener of the computer 28 is enabled in the preferred embodiment and a remote player event listener is initialized. It will communicate events from one or more of the smart golf club, the golf ball receptacle and the motion sensor plate. The main operational software (program) thread is run 130, and the system awaits data input from the appropriate computer communications ports at 132 (port), 133 (Remote player Socket Event Listener).

[0054] If the competitive play mode has been selected, the program generates a player participation request and sends 134 the request to the game internet server (GGC server) 34 (FIG. 1). Upon identification of a player opponent at 150 (FIG. 12) by the game server, the program initiates the player identification sequence 152 and sequential play begins 154. This software sequence and control routine occurs at each remote site where play has been initiated. During the game play sequences 154, the program generates the appropriate animation, display, and audio data and commands 136 and 138 (FIG. 11), and communicates with the associated display and speaker devices 30 and 31 (FIG. 1). Upon the occurrence of a local player event detected at 133, the main operating program at 130 displays the event at 136, and communicates the event at 132 by causing a device transmission at 137 to be sent at 134 via the internet game server 135 which displays the event for the opposing player and alerts the opposing player that it is his/her turn to play. The local player event may be, but is not limited to, the smart golf club impacting a ball, the swing of a club across the sensing plate or the ball's entry into the receptacle. The program contains time delay limits for the player action, and delays of play beyond these limits generate play quit and disconnect signals.

[0055] The event at 133 also has the effect of indicating at 139 that it is no longer the local player's turn and enables (as indicated by line 139) the serial port listener at 132 to detect an event from the remote player, again via the internet.

[0056] If the single player practice mode is selected, the internet communications sequences are disabled, other software sequential operating routines continue as above described, and the player's golf club stroke, ball-receptacle contact, and or club swing motion sensor information are communicated only to the computer located at the player's site and the performance information analyzed and displayed only at the local player's site.

[0057] When a game is won, lost, or terminated, the gaming software system generates the appropriate output signals 156 (FIG. 12), displays the player performance information, and resets to initial pre-game conditions. If one player opponent quits the game or is timed out (due to an excessive delay in play) and the remaining player wishes to continue play, the software resumes an internet search for another opponent 152 and 153.

[0058] Using programming as contained in the accompanying microfiche appendix, one skilled in the art can readily accomplish the game programming described. Alternative programming too will be apparent from the foregoing functional description and the illustrations contained in the appended drawings

[0059] While a preferred embodiment has been described, it will be appreciated that many variations and modifications in the system, its operation, and its various components may be made without departure from the spirit and scope of invention as set forth in the appended claims.