SHAFT-TYPE INSTRUMENT FOR SURGICAL PURPOSES

Abstract

The shaft-type instrument (1) has a shaft part (2), fixedly connected at one end to a shaft grip (3), and a sliding part (4). The sliding part (4) is displaceably mounted relative to the shaft part (2) and is, at one end, in operative connection with a pretensioned handgrip (5) such that by actuating the handgrip (5), the sliding part (4) is displaceable counter to the pretension. A respective lever arm (7, 7′) is articulated at two spaced apart shaft articulation points (6, 6′) on the shaft part (2) or shaft grip (3). The handgrip (5) has a coupling section (8) which connects the lever arms (7, 7′) and coupling joints (9, 9′) to one another such that same can pivot in the same direction. The coupling joints are spaced apart and a grip section (10) extends transverse to the coupling section (8) and to the shaft part (2).

Claims

1-15. (canceled)

16. A shaft-type instrument for surgical purposes, with a shaft part, which is fixedly connected at one end to a shaft grip, and with a sliding part, which is mounted so as to be displaceable relative to the shaft part in a longitudinal direction thereof and is operatively connected, at one end, to a pretensioned handgrip in such a way that, by actuation of the handgrip, the sliding part is displaceable counter to the pretensioning, and the sliding part being designed as a slide arranged parallel to and adjacent the shaft part, wherein a respective lever arm is articulated on the shaft part or on the shaft grip at least two shaft joints spaced apart from each other, the handgrip has a coupling portion which connects the at least two lever arms to each other at spaced apart coupling joints so as to be pivotable in the same direction, and a grip portion extends transversely with respect to the coupling portion and to the shaft part.

17. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein the coupling joints lie at those ends of the lever arms opposite of the shaft part or shaft grip.

18. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein at least one lever arm is designed as a double lever arm with a force arm and a load arm, the force arm is operatively connected to the coupling portion of the handgrip, and the load arm is operatively connected to the sliding part.

19. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein the shaft joints are offset, in a transverse direction, with respect to the shaft part.

20. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein a ratio of a length of a longest lever arm to a longest distance between two coupling joints, in a rest position, is in a range of 2 to 20.

21. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 20, wherein, the ratio of the length of the longest lever arm to the longest distance between two coupling joints, in the rest position; is in a range of 3 to 10.

22. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 20, wherein, the ratio of the length of the longest lever arm to the longest distance between two coupling joints, in the rest position, is in a range of 4 to 6.

23. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein a stop element is mounted on at least one of the lever arms and defines the angle position of the lever arm in the rest position.

24. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein the slide is at least partially releasably connected to the shaft part.

25. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 24, wherein the slide is articulated on the shaft part in such a way that the slide can be freed from the shaft part by a swivel movement.

26. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein a ratio of a length of the shaft to a length of a longest lever arm is between 1 and 10.

27. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 26, wherein the ratio of the length of the shaft to the length of the longest lever arm is between 1.2 and 4.

28. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 27, wherein the ratio of the length of the shaft to the length of the longest lever arm is between 1.5 and 2.8.

29. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein the pretensioning is generated by a spring element mounted on the shaft grip and acting on one of the lever arms.

30. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 16, wherein the shaft part has a guide profile and the slide has an engagement element engaging therein, in that the slide has a guide profile and the shaft part has an engagement element engaging therein.

31. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 21, wherein the stop element, in a locking position, defines the angle position of the lever arm in the rest position and is additionally movable to an unlocking position, and, with the stop element in the unlocking position, the lever arm is movable beyond the rest position counter to a direction of actuation, and the slide is thereby at least partially releasable from the shaft part.

32. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 24, wherein the stop element, in a locking position, defines the angle position of the lever arm in the rest position and is additionally movable to an unlocking position, and, with the stop element in the unlocking position, the lever arm is movable beyond the rest position counter to a direction of actuation, and the slide is thereby at least partially releasable from the shaft part.

33. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 30, wherein the slide is releasable from the shaft part by withdrawal of at least one engagement element from a guide profile counter to a direction of actuation.

34. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 31, wherein the slide is releasable from the shaft part by withdrawal of at least one engagement element from a guide profile counter to a direction of actuation.

35. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 32, wherein the slide is releasable from the shaft part by withdrawal of at least one engagement element from a guide profile counter to a direction of actuation.

36. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 18, wherein the load arm has a fork profile, at an end opposite the force arm, into which a bolt mounted on the sliding part can be inserted.

37. The shaft-type instrument according to claim 36, wherein the fork profile has an asymmetrical configuration, the side of the fork profile acted on by the bolt mounted on the sliding part, upon actuation of the shaft-type instrument, has a greater material thickness.

Description

[0025] Further advantages and individual features of the invention will become clear from the following description of an illustrative embodiment and from the schematic drawings, in which:

[0026] FIG. 1 shows a side view of a shaft-type instrument according to the invention in an opened state;

[0027] FIG. 2 shows the shaft-type instrument according to the invention from FIG. 1 in a closed state;

[0028] FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic side view of the grip structure of a shaft-type instrument according to the invention in the opened state;

[0029] FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatic view as per FIG. 3 in closed state;

[0030] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a shaft-type instrument according to the invention from FIGS. 1 and 2;

[0031] FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the shaft-type instrument according to the invention from FIG. 5;

[0032] FIG. 7 shows a side view of the shaft-type instrument according to the invention from FIG. 6 in a swiveled-open state;

[0033] FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a further illustrative embodiment of a shaft-type instrument according to the invention;

[0034] FIG. 9 shows a side view of a shaft-type instrument from FIG. 8, partially in cross section;

[0035] FIG. 10 shows a side view of a shaft-type instrument from FIGS. 8 and 9 in a dismantled state;

[0036] FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of a shaft-type instrument from FIGS. 8 to 10 in a dismantled state.

[0037] FIG. 1 shows a side view of a shaft-type instrument 1 according to the invention in an opened state. Said instrument 1 has a shaft part 2, which is anchored on the shaft grip 3. Moreover, a sliding part (or slide) 4 is arranged parallel to the shaft part 2. In the present case, the instrument 1 is a laminectomy punch in which a punch abutment 21 is arranged at the tool end 18 of the shaft part 2, and a punching portion 20 is arranged at the tool end 19 of the slide 4. However, the nature and configuration of the tool can vary depending on the intended use, and it would also be conceivable, for example, for a scissor-type cutting tool to be actuated via the slide 4.

[0038] It will also be seen that the lever arms 7 and 7′ are articulated on the shaft grip 3 via the shaft joints 6 and 6′. At their ends directed away from the shaft grip 3, the lever arms 7 and 7′ are connected to the coupling portion 8 of the handgrip 5 via the coupling joints 9 and 9′. The handgrip 5 moreover has a grip portion 10 for its actuation.

[0039] In the shaft-type instrument shown, the shaft part 2 has the length s. The length of the longer lever arm 7 is given by the extent 1, and the spacing between the two coupling joints 9 and 9′ in the rest position is given by the distance d.

[0040] FIG. 2 shows the shaft-type instrument according to the invention from FIG. 1 in a closed state. It will be seen that, by actuation of the handle 5, the punching portion 20 is pressed against the punch abutment 21. In the course of this movement, the slide 4 is displaced in the longitudinal direction relative to the shaft part 2 counter to the pretensioning of the leaf spring 15.

[0041] The grip configuration of a shaft-type instrument 1 according to the invention in the opened state is shown in detail in FIG. 3. It will be seen that the lever arm 7′ is designed as a double lever arm with a force arm 11 and a load arm 12. The end of the load arm 12 is designed such that it can act on the sliding part 4.

[0042] The grip configuration according to FIG. 3 is shown in the closed state in FIG. 4. In the illustrative embodiment shown, the movement of the lever arm 7 from the opened state to the closed state leads to a rotation about an angle of 25°. By contrast, the same movement leads to a rotation of the handgrip 5 about only 10°.

[0043] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a shaft-type instrument according to the invention from FIGS. 1 and 2. It will be seen that a stop element 13, which defines the rest position of the shaft-type instrument 1, is mounted on the lever arm 7. In the shaft-type instrument shown, the shaft part 2 and the sliding part 4 are each connected releasably to the shaft grip 3 via a reversible form-fit connection 14, in particular via a dovetail with locking pin. In addition, the spring element for pretensioning the handgrip 5 is designed as a leaf spring 15.

[0044] FIG. 6 shows another perspective view of a shaft-type instrument 1 according to the invention from FIGS. 1 and 2. The pretensioning mechanism is shown more clearly here. In particular, a guide groove 16 for the leaf spring 15 can be seen on the lever arm 7′. A ball 17 is mounted as a sliding body on the leaf spring 15 and runs in the guide groove 16.

[0045] FIG. 7 shows a side view of a shaft-type instrument according to the invention from FIG. 6. Here, the sliding part or slide 4 is swiveled away from the shaft part 2 in order to free the two parts from each other, for example for cleaning purposes. In this position, the instrument 1 can be placed in a sterilizing basket with other instruments, said instrument 1 remaining at all times connected as one unit.

[0046] FIGS. 8 to 11 show a further illustrative embodiment of a shaft-type instrument 1 according to the invention. On the side facing the user during use, said instrument 1 has a button 22 whose actuation allows the shaft-type instrument 1 to be dismantled. The button 22 is connected to the stop element 13 and is mounted with spring pretensioning. In the assembled state, the stop element 13 defines, together with the stop 23 on the lever arm 7′, the angle position thereof in the rest position.

[0047] To dismantle the shaft-type instrument 1, the user has to press the handgrip 5 and the grip portion 10 at least slightly together, so that the stop 23 lifts away from the stop element 13. Thereafter, the button 22 can be lifted counter to the spring pretensioning and rotated through 90°, as a result of which the stop element 13 is removed from the stop 23 and is locked in this position. When the handgrip 5 and the grip portion 10 are then let go, the lever arm 7′ moves beyond the rest position counter to the direction of actuation. In this way, the engagement elements 26 and 26′ on the slide 4 and on the shaft part 2, respectively, are withdrawn from the guide profiles 25 and 25′, as a result of which the slide 4 can be removed completely from the shaft part 2 (cf. FIGS. 10 and 11). The shaft-type instrument 1 is assembled in the reverse sequence.

[0048] As will be seen from FIGS. 10 and 11, the end of the load arm 12 opposite of the force arm 11 is designed as a fork profile 24. In this way, during dismantling, the slide 4 can be separated in a particularly simple manner from the rest of the shaft-type instrument. The fork profile 24 has an asymmetrical configuration. The side of the fork profile 24 acted on by the slide 4 has a greater material thickness. It is thereby possible to avoid a deformation of the fork profile 24 as a result of the forces that arise during use of the shaft-type instrument 1.