Method and system for commissioning products

Abstract

A method for collecting products listed in an order in a product collecting system having a plurality of modules, the method including: assigning the order to a module, allocating a product listed in the order to the order if the product is already available in the module, allocating a product to the order from another module if the product of the slow-moving type is not already available in the module whereas it is available in the other module, allocating a product to the order from a pallet warehouse if the product of the slow-moving type is not already available in the module nor in another module, and releasing the order and loading the products onto a collecting carrier when all the products listed in the order have been collected in the module.

Claims

1. A method for collecting a number of different products listed in an order in a product collecting system, the product collecting system comprising a pallet warehouse for storage therein of product carriers, including pallets, carrying products, a product warehouse comprising a number of racks extending parallel to each other, each rack comprising a number of rack positions arranged beside and above each other for storage therein of a product, and a number of collecting stations for collecting products listed in an order on a collecting carrier, characterized in that a plurality of modules are defined in the product collecting system, each module at least comprising a number of adjacent rack positions of at least one rack of the number of racks and at least one collecting station of the number of collecting stations, the order comprising products of a slow-moving type and products of a fast-moving type, the latter products being products which are needed relatively often for orders in comparison with products of the slow-moving type, the method comprising the steps of: a) allocating the order to one of the modules; b) collecting all the products listed in the order in rack positions of the module, to which end at least the following steps are carried out, b1) determining whether one of the products listed in the order is already available in one of the rack positions of the module and allocating the product to the order if the product is already available in the module, or, when one of the products listed in the order is not already available in one of the rack positions of the module, determining if the product is of a slow-moving type or of the fast-moving type needed for orders relatively more often in comparison with those of the slow-moving type, b2) determining if the product is available in another module when the product is of the slow moving type and allocating the product to the order when the product is of the slow-moving type and not available in the module but available in the other module and moving the product to one of the rack positions of the module from the other module, or, when the product is of the slow-moving type and not already available in the module nor in another module, allocating the product to the order from a product carrier carrying the product and moving the product to one of the rack positions of the module, or when the product is of the fast-moving type and not already available in the module, allocating the product from a product carrier carrying the product and moving the product to one of the rack positions of the module, c) releasing the order when all the products listed in the order have been collected in rack positions of the module and been allocated to the order, conveying the products to the collecting station of the module, and loading the products onto at least one collecting carrier at the collecting station.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the product collecting system comprises a collect-supply conveyor for each module, which conveyors are designed for conveying products directly from the racks of the modules to the collecting stations, and, as part of step c), conveying the products listed in the order, which have been collected in rack positions of the rack, directly to the collecting station of the module by means of one of the collect-supply conveyors.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, other products remaining on the product carrier that have not been allocated to an order are moved from the product carrier and distributed to the plurality of modules of the product warehouse.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a product carrier is unloaded onto trays designed for carrying at least one product, which trays carrying at least one product are stored in rack positions in the product warehouse, wherein a product is taken from one of the trays during the aforesaid method step c) in order to be loaded onto the collecting carrier.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the number of modules in the product warehouse are arranged in a row of n modules indicated by incremental index numbers 1-n, wherein a first one-way product conveyor having a conveying direction that extends in the direction of the incremental index numbers, and a second one-way product conveyor having a conveying direction that extends in the opposite direction of the incremental index numbers, extend along the row of n modules, each conveyor comprising, at the location of each module, a device for moving a product from the respective conveyor to a rack of the module and vice versa, wherein, when a product of the slow-moving type is moved from another module to the module in method step b2), the product is to that end moved either from the other module to the module by means of the first conveyor if the index number of the other module is lower than that of the module, or from the other module to the module by means of the second conveyor if the index number of the further module is higher than that of the module.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the first conveyor is also used for moving products directly coming from a product carrier to the number of modules.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the module comprises at least two adjacent racks.

8. A product collecting system for collecting a number of different products listed in an order, the product collecting system comprising a pallet warehouse for storage therein of product carriers, including pallets, carrying products, a product warehouse comprising a number of racks extending parallel to each other, each rack comprising a number of rack positions arranged beside and above each other for storage therein of a product, and a number of collecting stations for collecting products listed in an order on a collecting carrier, wherein a plurality of modules are defined in the product collecting system, each module at least comprising a number of adjacent rack positions of at least one rack of the number of racks and at least one collecting station of the number of collecting stations, the order comprising products of a slow-moving type and products of a fast-moving type, the latter products being products which are needed relatively often for orders in comparison with products of the slow-moving type, the product collecting system further comprising a control system configured to fill the order by: a) allocating the order to one of the modules; b) causing all the products listed in the order to be collected in rack positions of the module, to which end the control means are at least designed for, b1) determining whether one of the products listed in the order is already available in one of the rack positions of the module and allocating the product to the order if the product is already available in the module, or, when one of the products listed in the order is not already available in one of the rack positions of the module, determining if the product is of a slow-moving type or of the fast-moving type needed for orders relatively more often in comparison with those of the slow-moving type, b2) determining if the product is available in another module when the product is of the slow-moving type and is not available in the module but is available in the other module and causing the product to be moved to one of the rack positions of the module from the other module, or, when the product is of the slow-moving type and is not already available in the module nor in another module allocating the product to the order from a product carrier carrying the product and causing the product to be moved to one of the rack positions of the module, or, when the product is of the fast-moving type and not already available in the module allocating the product from a product carrier carrying the product and causing the product to be moved to one of the rack positions of the module, c) releasing the order if it is determined that all the products listed in the order have been collected in the module and been allocated to the order, causing the products allocated to the order to be conveyed to the collecting station of the module, and causing the products to be loaded onto at least one collecting carrier at the collecting station.

9. The product collecting system according to claim 8, wherein the number of modules in the product warehouse are arranged in a row of modules, wherein a first one-way product conveyor having a first conveying direction and a second one-way product conveyor having a second conveying direction opposed to that of the first conveying direction extend along the row of modules, each conveyor comprising, at the location of each module, a device for moving a product from the respective conveyor to one of the racks of the module, and vice versa.

10. The product collecting system according to claim 9, wherein the first one-way conveyor is designed for conveying products from the pallet warehouse to the product warehouse and for conveying products between individual modules, and wherein the second one-way conveyor is designed at least for conveying products between individual modules.

11. The product collecting system according to claim 8, wherein the product collecting system comprises, for each module, a collect-supply conveyor designed for conveying products directly from the racks of the modules to the collecting stations.

12. A product collecting system for collecting products listed in an order, the system comprising: a storage warehouse containing warehoused product; a product warehouse also containing the warehoused product and having a plurality of modules; a control system configured to fill the order by: a) assigning the order to a module of the plurality of modules; b) determining if the ordered product is of a slow-moving type or of a fast-moving type needed for orders relatively more often in comparison with those of the slow-moving type; c) determining if the warehoused product matching the ordered product is available in another module of the plurality of modules when the ordered product is of the slow-moving type and the warehoused product is not already available in the module assigned to the order, and allocating the warehoused product to the order when the ordered product is of the slow-moving type and the warehoused product is available in another module, or, when the ordered product is of the slow-moving type and the warehoused product is not available in another module, allocating the warehoused product to the order from the storage warehouse to the module assigned to the order, or when the ordered product is of the fast-moving type and the warehoused product is not available in the module assigned to the order, allocating the ordered product from the storage warehouse to the module assigned to the order; e) releasing the order from the module assigned to the order when all of the available warehoused products allocated to the order have been collected.

13. A method for collecting ordered products listed in an order, the method comprising the steps of: a) assigning the order to a module of a plurality of modules in a product collecting system; b) determining whether the ordered product is of a slow-moving type or of a fast-moving type needed for orders relatively more often in comparison with those of the slow-moving type; c) determining whether product matching the ordered product is available in another module of the plurality of modules when the ordered product is of the slow-moving type and the product is not already available in the module assigned to the order, and allocating the product to the order when the ordered product is of the slow-moving type and the product is available in another module or, when the ordered product is of the slow-moving type and the product is not available in another module, allocating the product to the order from another location to the module assigned to the order, or when the product is of the fast-moving type and the product is not available in the module assigned to the order, allocating the product from another location to the module assigned to the order, and e) releasing the order from the module assigned to the order when all of the available products allocated to the order have been collected.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising the step of moving the collected product from the module assigned to the order to a collection station.

Description

(1) The present invention will now be explained in more detail by means of a description of preferred embodiments of a product collecting system according to the invention to which the method according to the present invention relates, and of a preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention.

(2) FIG. 1 schematically shows a layout of a product collecting system according to the invention,

(3) FIG. 2a schematically shows a preferred embodiment defined according to the method of a module that forms part of the system according to FIG. 1,

(4) FIG. 2b schematically shows another preferred embodiment defined according to the method of a module, and

(5) FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.

(6) In FIG. 1 there is shown a schematic layout of a product collecting system 100 according to the invention for collecting a number of different orders listed in an order in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention.

(7) This system comprises a pallet warehouse 2, in which product carriers in the form of product pallets carrying identical products can be stored. At an unloading system in the form of an unstacking system 3 located near the pallet warehouse 2, product pallets are unstacked and an individual product or a few individual products are placed on a tray. The unstacking system 3 may comprise a number of individual pallet unstacking devices. The system further comprises a supply conveyor 4 for conveying the trays thus filled with products to a product warehouse 5. The use of trays is not necessary within the framework of the invention. Products can also be transferred to the supply conveyor 4 from a product carrier, such as a pallet, at the unstacking system 3 without making use of a tray, in which case the supply conveyor 4 will convey the individual products to the product warehouse 5.

(8) In the product warehouse 5, the individual products are stored. From the product warehouse 5, products are conveyed to a collecting system 6. The collecting system 6 comprises a number of individual collecting stations 7, where the products are loaded onto collecting carriers, such as a pallet or a roll container, for example.

(9) Within the framework of the present invention, the term product as used herein is understood to mean a so-called case, which may be an individual product, or a packagefor example a box-shaped packagecontaining one or more objects, or, for example, a plastic-wrapped pack of six PET bottles or the like, or, for example, a crate with beer bottles, or the like.

(10) The pallet warehouse 2 comprises a number of racks extending parallel to each other, which racks comprise rack positions arranged beside and above each other, in which product pallets can be placed. A product pallet can be transported from and to a particular rack position in a rack by means of pallet cranes. At the command of a central control system, a desired product pallet is removed from a rack by a pallet crane and placed on a pallet transfer conveyor, which conveys the pallet to an unstacking device of the unstacking system 3. At the unstacking device, the pallet is unstacked onto trays either manually or automatically by an unstacker. When a tray is filled with a product supplied from a pallet, the tray is placed on the supply conveyor 4. The supply conveyor 4 is more specifically a belt conveyor, but it is also possible to use a different type of conveyor, such as a roller conveyor or the like, for conveying trays carrying a product (or a few products) from the unstacking system 3 to the product warehouse 5. The supply conveyor 4 is a one-way conveyor, which moves trays in a first conveying direction 13. See FIG. 2a. The product collecting system moreover comprises a discharge conveyor 14, which extends parallel to the supply conveyor 4, at least at the location of the part of the supply conveyor 4 extends along racks (to be described in more detail yet hereinafter) of the product warehouse 5. The discharge conveyor 14 is likewise a one-way conveyor, for example in the form of a belt conveyor or a roller conveyor, which moves trays in a second conveying direction 16 opposite the first conveying direction 13, back in the direction of the pallet warehouse 2. Although the discharge conveyor 14 may extend beside the supply conveyor 4, these two conveyors may also be disposed above each other or be configured as double conveyors. The collect-supply conveyor, too, may be configured as a single conveyor or as a multiple conveyor, as shown in FIG. 2a as a double conveyor.

(11) As shown in FIG. 2a, the product warehouse 5 comprises a number of racks 8 disposed parallel to each other, each rack comprising rack positions for products (or trays carrying one or more products), which are arranged beside and above each other. An aisle 9 is provided between each pair of racks 8, in which a warehouse crane 11 is provided for placing products or trays into rack positions or removing them therefrom. A tray carrying a product, which is conveyed to the product warehouse 5 via the supply conveyor 4 of the unstacking system 3, is forced off the supply conveyor 4 and onto a tray transfer position 10 at the location of the tray transfer position 10 (or product transfer position). The tray transfer position 10 may form part of the stationary lift. The warehouse crane 11 can subsequently place said tray into a particular tray-rack position in a rack 8. In the aisle, the warehouse crane 11 can move in longitudinal direction and also, with a part thereof that is capable of manipulating a product or a tray, in vertical direction. Alternatively it is also possible to use a shuttle-based system, for example, in which shuttles designed for placing products and/or trays into rack positions and removing them therefrom can move at different levels through the aisles.

(12) In the product collecting system, a number of modules 1 are defined, each module comprising a number of adjacent rack positions each forming part of a rack, preferably at least one rack, i.e. all or at least practically all rack positions present in a rack, four adjacent racks 8 of the product warehouse 5 in the present embodiment, each comprising a collecting station 7 of the collecting system 6. FIG. 2a shows an individual module 1 and also a part of the supply conveyor 4 and the discharge conveyor 14 that extends along said module. Each of the number of modules 1 can be given an index number i, with the module 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2 having index number i=5, for example, with the index number decreasing to i=1, viewed to the left in FIG. 2, which direction corresponds to the upstream direction of the supply conveyor 4, and increasing to i=10, for example, viewed to the right, which direction corresponds to the downstream direction of the supply conveyor 4. That is, ten modules 1 are disposed beside each other and contiguous to each other in the product warehouse 5 in the present embodiment, each module comprising a combination of four racks 8 and one collecting station 7.

(13) A tray carrying a product which has been removed by means of a warehouse crane 11 from a rack position of a rack 8 of a particular module, such as a module 1 having index number i=5 shown in the figure, is put on a further tray transfer position 12 by the warehouse crane 11, which further tray transfer position optionally forms part of a stationary lift provided at a further tray transfer position 12, which may in principle be the same lift as the lift with which the tray transfer position 10 may be provided. The tray is conveyed from there to a collect-supply conveyor 15 associated with the collecting station 7 that forms part of the module 1 in question. This can take place by first putting the tray from the further tray transfer position 12 onto the supply conveyor 4 and subsequently, practically directly in practice, transferring the tray to the discharge conveyor 14 and subsequently, practically directly in practice, transferring the tray to the collect-supply conveyor 15. That is, the tray crosses the supply conveyor 4 and the discharge conveyor 14, as it were.

(14) In an alternative advantageous embodiment of a module according to the invention, being the module 101 in FIG. 2b, the collect-supply conveyor 151 is configured so that it crosses the supply conveyor 4 and the discharge conveyor 14 at a higher level, or alternatively a lower level, and connects to the tray transfer position 12, so that it is capable of conveying trays directly from the tray transfer position 12 to the collecting station 7 without any capacity, however little, of the aforesaid conveyors 4, 14 being used. For the rest, module 101 corresponds to module 1 and accordingly parts corresponding to each other are indicated by the same numerals. In fact, the product flow from rack positions to a collecting station is separated from the product flow between respective rack positions and from the pallet warehouse to rack positions.

(15) Products that arrive at the collecting station 7, whether or not on trays, are automatically or manually loaded onto a collecting carrier, such as a roll container, at the collecting station. Any empty trays are preferably transported back in the direction of the pallet warehouse 2 via a collect-discharge conveyor 17 and the discharge conveyor 14. If a tray arriving at the collecting station 7 should carry more products than needed for the order, the tray with the remaining products not needed at that point in time can be transported back to a rack position of a rack 8 of the module 1 via the collect-discharge conveyor 17, in a manner comparable to the supply of products as described above, albeit in reverse direction in this case.

(16) The method according to the invention to be carried out in such a product collecting system will be explained hereinafter with reference to the flow diagram of FIG. 3.

(17) A preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention for collecting a number of different products listed in an order in a product collecting system, such as the above-described product collecting system, relates in particular to a product collecting system for use in the retail trade. First of all, a particular collecting order to be carried out, for example an order for a roll container with a number of different products for a supermarket, is allocated to one of the modules defined in the product collecting system, such as the module 1 shown in FIG. 2 (Step S1: Allocate order to module). Then it is verified whether all the products listed in the order are already present in the module and have been allocated to the order (Step S2: All products of order allocated to order?). Because this is in principle not relevant yet at the start of the execution of the order, this step can optionally also be skipped at the start of the method. Of course there is a possibility that all the products listed in the order are already available in the module at the start of the method, but at that point in time they have not yet been allocated to the order (reserved). If the answer to the question of step 2 is NO, it is subsequently verified for a product listed in the order whether the product in question is already present in the module and is also available, i.e. usually whether the product listed in the order is already stored in a rack position associated with module 1 (Step S3: Is product i already available in module?). By index i is meant that an order can comprise n products, wherein each product can have an index number increasing from 1 to n. If YES, this product is allocated to the order (Step S7: Allocate product i to order). Although in theory it would occasionally be possible for all the products needed for an order to be stored already in the module 1 associated with the order, this is usually not the case in practice.

(18) As already explained in the foregoing, products for the retail trade can usually be divided into products of a slow-moving type, hereinafter called slow-movers and products of a fast-moving type, hereinafter called fast-movers.

(19) Then it is ascertained for products not already present in the module 1 (the answer to the question in step S3 is NO, therefore), if the product in question is a slow-mover (Step S4: is product i a slow-mover?; the answer is YES), whether the product in question is stored in another module and has not already been allocated to another order, i.e. whether the product is available in that other module (Step S5: Is product i available in another module?). If that is the case, i.e. if the answer to the question of step S5 is YES, the product will be allocated to the order (Step S7), removed from the other module, conveyed to module 1 and stored in a rack position of module 1 (Step S6: Move product i from the other module to the module). It will be understood that the order of carrying out steps S6 and S7 does not necessarily have to be the order shown in FIG. 3, in other words, it is also possible to carry cut step S7 first and then step S6, or even to carry out step S7 while step S6 is being carried out.

(20) If a product in a module having a higher index number is available, the product in question can be conveyed to the module 1 via the one-way discharge conveyor 14, possibly after crossing the supply conveyor 4. If a product in a module having a lower index number is available, the product in question can be conveyed to the module 1 via the one-way supply conveyor 4.

(21) If a particular product that is needed is not available in another module at all (the answer in step S5 is NO), a product carrier from the pallet warehouse 2 carrying a number of identical specimens of the respective product of the slow-moving type will be unloaded at least in part, preferably in its entirety, and the product in question that is needed is allocated to the order (step S7) and moved to the module (Step S8: Move product i from product carrier from a pallet warehouse to module and move other products from the product carrier to the product warehouse), whilst other products from the pallet are preferably also moved to the product warehouse and distributed over modules there, preferably evenly distributed over the total number of modules in the product warehouse 5. As a result, the product in question is available again for further orders, preferably evenly distributed over the modules, i.e. over the product warehouse 5. As regards the order of carrying our S7 and S8, the same applies as mentioned above with regard to the order of carrying out S6 and S7.

(22) Calculations have shown that moving fast-movers between modules is less efficient thanif a fast-mover is needed for an order and the product in question is not present in the module to which the order has been allocatedunloading the product in question directly from a product carrier carrying a number of the respective products being needed, and storing the other products from said product carriers in the product warehouse 5, distributed over the modules.

(23) Consequently, the method according to the invention preferably comprises moving product i from a product carrier from the pallet warehouse to the module in accordance with step S8, while products listed in the order are being collected in module 1, if a product of a fast-moving type, i.e. a fast-mover, listed in the order is not already present in module 1 (Step S3 and Step S4, NO to both questions), wherein furthermore, according to step S7, the product in question is allocated to the order. Then it is verified again, in accordance with step S2, whether the order is already complete. The product carrier is preferably unloaded in its entirety, with the further products from the carrier being distributed over the total number of modules in the product warehouse 5 and thus being available for further orders.

(24) Whenever a product has been allocated to the order in accordance with step S7, it is verified whether the order is now complete (S2), if not, step S3 will be carried out again as described above for a next product listed in the order, etc. If all the products listed in the order have been allocated to the order (the answer in S2 is YES), all the products will be present in the module 1. The order is complete at that point and will be released, with all the products listed in the order being conveyed to the associated collecting station 7, as explained in more detail in the above description of the system, where they are loaded onto at least one collecting carrier (step S9: Deliver products of the order to collecting station). Subsequently, or possibly already while products listed in an order are being conveyed to the collecting station 7, or during the loading of the collecting carrier, the module 1 will be available again for a further order and Step S1 can be carried out again. It is conceivable in this regard that when the last products or the last few products are being supplied to the module from outside the module (from another module or from a product carrier), said last few products are not first stored in a rack position of the module but directly conveyed to the collecting station of that module.

(25) Preferably, the product collecting system is tray-based, although, as mentioned above, the product collecting system can also be operated without using trays. The term tray as used in the foregoing is to be read as product in that case. If the system is tray-based, it is advantageous within the framework of the method if a product carrier, such as a pallet, from the pallet warehouse 2 is unloaded onto trays designed for carrying at least one product, which trays carrying at least one product are stored in the product warehouse 5. Finally, a product can be taken from a tray at the collecting station for stacking the product on the collecting carrier. The empty or possibly partially empty trays are conveyed back to the pallet warehouse 5 or to a rack position.