Abstract
A viewing system (100) for a vehicle (10, 10A, 10B, 10C) having at least one capture unit (20A, 20B) adapted to capture at least one first near area (1, 2, 3, 4) around the vehicle (10, 10A, 10B, 10C), at least one control unit (30) adapted to process the data captured by the capture unit (20A, 20B) and at least one reproduction unit (40A, 40B) adapted to show the near area (1, 2, 3, 4) visibly for a driver which steers the vehicle (10, 10A, 10B, 10C). During driving maneuvers conditioned by the situation, in addition, at least one collision area (K1, K2) which comprises an area at risk of collision around the vehicle (10, 10A, 10B, 10C) is shown on the reproduction unit (40A, 40B). The collision area (K1, K2) corresponds to an image section of a near area (1, 2, 3, 4) captured by the capture unit around the vehicle (10, 10A, 10B, 10C).
Claims
1. A viewing system for a vehicle, comprising: at least one capture unit which is adapted to capture at least one first near area around the vehicle; at least one control unit which is adapted to process the data captured by the capture unit; and at least one reproduction unit which is adapted to show the near area visibly for a driver steering the vehicle, wherein, in driving maneuvers conditioned by the situation, at least one collision area which comprises an area at risk of collision around the vehicle is additionally shown on the reproduction unit, wherein the collision area corresponds to an image section of a near area around the vehicle captured by the capture unit, and wherein a plurality of collision areas are shown at the same time on the at least one reproduction unit, and wherein the view system further comprises a sensor unit which detects a driving maneuver conditioned by the situation by receiving a corresponding input signal and determines the corresponding collision areas based on the input signal.
2. The viewing system according to claim 1, wherein the first near area comprises at least a part of legally prescribed field of view.
3. The viewing system according to claim 1, wherein the reproduction unit is adapted to show the first near area permanently and in real time.
4. The viewing system according to claim 1, wherein the reproduction unit is adapted to show the collision area by means of scaling.
5. The viewing system according to claim 1, wherein the first near area and the collision area are shown on a common reproduction unit.
6. The viewing system according to claim 5, wherein the collision area is shown on the common reproduction unit by means of superimposition.
7. The viewing system according to claim 5, wherein the collision area is shown on the common reproduction unit by means of overlaying.
8. The viewing system according to claim 1, wherein the input signal is generated by a manual input of the driver and/or a movement of the driver.
9. The viewing system according to claim 1, wherein the input signal is generated by capturing the position of the vehicle.
10. The viewing system according to claim 1, wherein the input signal is generated by monitoring the environment around the vehicle.
11. The viewing system according to claim 8, wherein the monitoring around the vehicle is performed by the at least one capture unit and/or an additional monitoring unit.
12. The viewing system according to claim 1, comprising at least two reproduction units, wherein at least the collision area is shown on that one of the at least two reproduction units which is viewed by the driver depending on the driving maneuver conditioned by the situation.
13. The viewing system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one further reproduction unit, wherein the near area and the collision area are shown separately on the at least one reproduction unit and the at least one further reproduction unit.
14. The viewing system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one second capture unit which is adapted to capture at least a second near area around the vehicle.
15. The viewing system according to claim 13, wherein the first near area and the second near area are adjacent to each other.
16. The viewing system according to claim 13, wherein the first near area and the second near area are not adjacent to each other.
17. The viewing system according to claim 1, wherein the collision area corresponds to a part of the first near area.
18. The viewing system according to claim 13, wherein the collision area corresponds to a part of the second near area.
19. The viewing system according to claim 13, wherein the collision area and the first near area or the second near area are adjacent to each other.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) In the following, the invention is described exemplarily with reference to the annexed figures, in which:
(2) FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of the view system according to the invention;
(3) FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a vehicle with areas of view and collision areas arranged there around;
(4) FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of two reproduction units, a driver and two collision areas;
(5) FIG. 4a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units with areas of view and collision areas depicted thereon according to a first embodiment;
(6) FIG. 4b shown a schematic plan view of a commercial vehicle around which the areas of view and collision areas, which are depicted in FIG. 4a, are arranged there around;
(7) FIG. 5a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units with areas of view and collision areas depicted thereon according to a second embodiment;
(8) FIG. 5b shows a schematic plan view of a commercial vehicle around which the areas of view and collision areas, which are depicted in FIG. 5a, are arranged there around;
(9) FIG. 6a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units with areas of view and collision areas depicted thereon according to a third embodiment;
(10) FIG. 6b shows a schematic plan view of a commercial vehicle around which the areas of view and collision areas, which are depicted in FIG. 6a, are arranged there around;
(11) FIG. 7a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units with areas of view and collision areas depicted thereon according to a fourth embodiment;
(12) FIG. 7b shows a schematic plan view of a commercial vehicle around which the areas of view and collisions areas, which are depicted in FIG. 7a, are arranged there around;
(13) FIG. 8a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units with areas of view and collision areas depicted thereon according to a fifth embodiment;
(14) FIG. 8b shows a schematic plan view of a commercial vehicle around which the areas of view and collision areas, which are depicted in FIG. 8a, are arranged there around;
(15) FIG. 9a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units with areas of view and collision areas depicted thereon according to a sixth embodiment; and
(16) FIG. 9b shows a schematic plan view of a commercial vehicle around which the areas of view and collision areas, which are shown in FIG. 9a, are arranged there around.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENTLY PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
(17) In the following description, the direction in which a vehicle moves forward is called forward direction and the direction in which a vehicle moves rearward, that is, in which a vehicle drives to the back, is called rearward direction. The extension of the vehicle in the forward/rearward direction is called vehicle length and the extension of the vehicle lateral/perpendicular to the forward/rearward direction is called vehicle width. The forward/rearward direction is also called longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
(18) FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a view system 100 of a vehicle (not shown) according to the invention. The view system 100 has two capture units 20A, 20B, a control unit (calculation unit) 30 and two reproduction units 40A, 40B. The capture unit 20A, 20B may be cameras, image sensors or the like. The reproduction units 40A, 40B may be monitors M1, M2. The control unit 30 is configured for data processing, for instance, image data which are captured by the capture units 20A, 20B, and may be a processor, such as an ECU. The capture units 20A, 20B are connected with the control unit 30 such that the image data captured by the capture units 20A, 20B may be transferred to the control unit. The control unit 30 is connected to each of the reproduction units 40A, 40B such that the image data processed by the control unit may be transferred to the reproduction units 40a, 40b. The control unit 30 may have a processor for each of the capture units 20A, 20B and reproduction units 20A, 20B each of which is connected with a corresponding capture unit 30A, 30B and a corresponding reproduction 40A, 40B. Alternatively, the control unit 30 may have a common processor for all capture units 30A, 30B and reproduction units 40A, 40B. Further, the control unit 30 may receive signals from a sensor unit 30 for capturing an operating situation and a driving maneuver conditioned by the situation, respectively. Signals, which indicate driving maneuvers conditioned by the situation may be one or more of the following signals: shifting into the reverse gear, operating the turning indicator, operating a bottom which is followed by a driving maneuver conditioned by the situation, such as operating the warning lights, starting a vehicle based process (extending an overload pipe of a harvester-thresher, opening the doors of busses, . . . ), etc. Alternatively or additionally, a corresponding signal of a driver assistant system may also be the input signal detected by the sensor unit. The control unit 30 may receive further data in addition to the image data of the capture units 20A, 20B (indicated by dashed arrows in FIG. 1), such as data of further sensors.
(19) If mirror replacement systems are used for viewing legally prescribed fields of view or areas of view which are not legally prescribed, commercial vehicles commonly have two reproduction units which are usually mounted on the left and right, respectively, A-pillars. On the reproduction unit which is mounted on the left A-pillar, the camera image or the camera images of one or more cameras which are attached to the left outer side of the vehicle are shown. On the reproduction unit which is mounted on the right A-pillar, the camera image or the camera images of one or more cameras which are attached to the right outer side of the vehicle are shown. During a reproduction of legally prescribed fields of view, the image/the images of the cameras at the left outer side has/have to be visible always on the left reproduction unit, whereas the image/the images of cameras on the right outer side always have to be visible also on the right reproduction unit. A side-inverted reproducing of the right and left images, i.e., a reproduction of the image which is captured by the right camera on the left reproduction unit and, accordingly, the reproduction of the image captured by the left camera on the right reproduction unit is not admitted, if legally prescribed fields of view are shown. However, if a plurality of images is shown per reproduction unit, it is permitted to show these side by side, on top of each other, into each other or in a similar manner, as long as a legally prescribed field of view is not covered by another field of view or area of view. For reproducing further areas, additional reproduction units may be provided, if necessary.
(20) FIG. 2 schematically shows a plan view of a vehicle 10. The arrow indicates the driving direction of the vehicle 10 to the front. In the vehicle 10, two monitors M1, M2 are located. The reference number AP denotes the eye point of a (not shown) driver which sits on the (not shown) driver's seat in the vehicle 10. At the outer surfaces of the vehicle 10 five capture units 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E are attached: The capture unit 20A is located on the left side of the vehicle 10. The capture unit 20B is located on the right side of the vehicle 10. The capture unit 20C is located on the front side of the vehicle 10. The capture units 20D, 20E are located at the back side of the vehicle 10. The image capture units 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E capture four near areas L, R, V, H around the vehicle 10. The capture unit 20A captures a near area L on the left of the vehicle 10. The capture unit 20B captures a near area R on the right side of the vehicle 10. The capture unit 20C captures a near area V in front of the vehicle 10. The capture units 20D, 20E capture a near area H behind the vehicle 10.
(21) The near area L is located on the left adjacent to the vehicle 10 in the plan view of FIG. 2. The extension of the near area L adjacent to the vehicle 10 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 10 is larger than the length of the vehicle 10 itself, wherein the near area L extends more beyond the rear end of the vehicle 10 than beyond the front end of the vehicle 10. The near area L is divided in two near areas L1, L2 in the width direction of the vehicle 10, wherein the near area L1 is located in front of the near area L2 in the length direction. The near area R is located on the right adjacent to the vehicle 10 in the plan view of FIG. 2 and, as the near area L, has two near areas R1, R2. For the rest, the near area R corresponds to the near area L and corresponding explanations are omitted. The near area V extends in the forward direction in front of the vehicle 10. The extension of the near area V in front of the vehicle 10 is in the width of the vehicle 10 larger than the width of the vehicle 10 itself. The near area H extends in the forward direction behind the vehicle 10. The extension of the near area H in front of the vehicle 10 is in the width direction of the vehicle 10 larger than the width of the vehicle 10 itself and is larger than the extension of the near area V in the width direction of the vehicle 10. The extension of the near area H has also a larger extension in the forward direction than the near area V. The near area H is divided in two near areas H1, H2 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 10, wherein the near area H1 in the width direction is located on the left adjacent to the near area H2. Due to their bigger extensions than the length and width of the vehicle 10, the areas L1 and V constitute an overlap area O1 diagonally left in front of the vehicle 10 and the areas R1 and V constitute an overlap area O2 diagonally right in front of the vehicle 10. In the same way, the areas L2 and H1 constitute an overlap area O3 diagonally left behind the vehicle 10, and the areas R2 and H2 constitute an overlap area O4 diagonally right behind the vehicle 10. The near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 may contain legally prescribed field of views and/or further (not legally prescribed, if so) areas of view.
(22) The near area L1 comprises a collision area K1. Die collision area K1 is an image section from the near area L1 and extends directly adjacent to the left vehicle outer side and into the overlap area O1. The near area R2 comprises a collision area K2. The collision area K2 is an image section from the near area R2 and extends directly adjacent to the right vehicle outer side and into the overlap area O4.
(23) FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of two reproduction units 40A, 40B, a driver and tow collision areas K1, K2. The arrow indicates the driving direction of the (not shown) vehicle. The dotted line beneath the arrow indicates the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The collision area K1 is located on the left adjacent to the vehicle and the collision area K2 is located right adjacent to the vehicle, wherein the collision area K2 is located in the forward direction more forward than the collision area K1. The main viewing direction BR of the driver who is only schematically depicted by means of a pair of eyes is directed, in FIG. 3, diagonally forward to the right to the reproduction unit 40B. In order to provide the driver with an assessment of the environment around the vehicle as quick as possible, in particular of the collision areas K1 and K2 which are not or only poorly visible for the driver, the collision area K1 on the left reproduction unit is shown in a lower portion thereof and the collision area K2 on the right reproduction unit is shown in an upper portion thereof. By an arrangement of a collision area which is located adjacent to a rear part of the vehicle in the lower portion of the monitor and vice versa, an arrangement of a collision area which is located adjacent to a front part of the vehicle in the upper portion of a (further) monitor, i.e., a different arrangement of the collision areas on the monitors, the driver is allowed to quickly assess an alleged collision risk. In other words, it is intuitively easily possible for the driver by such an arrangement to distinguish the two collision areas at a glance on the monitor and to associate the collision areas to corresponding areas around the vehicle.
(24) The decision/selection on which reproduction unit a collision area is shown may be based on a driving maneuver conditioned by the situation and the predictable viewing direction which comes along therewith. For instance, if the driver indicates by operating the right signal indicator that he intends to turn right, according to experience, the view of the driver will also move to the right during the turning event. Then, a collision area which occurs during the turning event is shown to the driver on the right reproduction unit, in order to allow the driver to quickly and ergonomically assess the collision area(s) during the turning event. Alternatively, the decision on which reproduction unit a collision area is shown may be made by monitoring and detecting the driver's behaviour. For instance, if the driver turns his head during a driving maneuver conditioned by the situation in the direction of one of the two reproduction units, this head movement or only alone the eye movement may be detected by means of a special sensor and the reproduction may occur on the reproduction unit which is viewed by the driver at the moment.
(25) The collision area K1 may be shown on the reproduction unit as a picture-in-picture, as superimposition, as overlay or in the split-screen-method. In addition, the reproduction of the collision area K1 may involve an acoustic signal.
(26) FIG. 4a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units 40A, 40B with near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 depicted thereon, with fields of view and areas of view, respectively, and collision areas K1, K2 according to a first embodiment. In FIG. 4b, the arrangement of the near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 and the collision areas K1, K2 around a vehicle, for instance, an agricultural tractor 10A, which is associated to FIG. 4a is shown in a plan view. In the driver's cabin, the tractor 10A has two monitors M1, M2 which correspond to the reproduction units 40A, 40B of FIG. 4a.
(27) Around the tractor 10A four near areas (areas of view and fields of view, respectively) are arranged which are captured by capture units (not shown) which are mounted on the tractor 10A at corresponding locations. The near area 1 is located in the forward direction on the left adjacent to the left front wheel. The near area 2 is located in the forward direction on the left adjacent to the left rear wheel. The near area 3 is located in the forward direction on the right adjacent to the rear wheel. The near area 4 is located in the forward direction right adjacent to the right front wheel. The near areas 1 and 2 and the near areas 3 and 4, respectively, are in the longitudinal direction of the tractor 10A adjacent to each other. All four near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 are adjacent to the tractor 10A at the side facing the tractor 10A.
(28) The tractor 10A shown in FIG. 4b is going to perform a cornering during reverse driving to the right back (see curved arrow in the lower portion of FIG. 4b). In order to be able to view into the near area 3 at risk of collision, during such a driving maneuver, the driver usually views into the right outside rear view mirror and, with a mirror replacement system, to the right monitor M2 which shows the image of an image capture unit (not shown) which is mounted on the right outer side. Thus, the viewing direction BR of the driver is directed to the right front in FIG. 4b (see arrow BR in the driver's cabin).
(29) In the driving maneuver shown in FIG. 4b (cornering to the right back), a collision area K1 arises in the area of the left front wheel and a collision area K2 arises in the area of the right rear wheel. Specifically, in the shown cornering to the right back, the front part of the tractor 10A will sheer out to the left, while the rear part of the tractor will sheer out to the right. Thus, there is the risk that the tractor 10A collides on the left front and on the right back. Such a collision occurs between a body and the left front wheel/the left front fender and a body and the right rear wheel/the right rear fender, respectively. Accordingly, the collision area K1 does not correspond to the entire near area 1, but only to a partial portion of near area 1, which is located next to the left front wheel and next to the left front fender, respectively. Analogously, the collision area K2 corresponds to the partial portion of the near area 3 which is located next to the right rear wheel and next to the right rear fender, respectively. In FIG. 4b, both collision areas K1, K2 are depicted as hatched planes and each of the collision areas generally indicates a portion which has the greatest risk of a crash between the tractor 10A and a further body (not shown) during a driving maneuver conditioned by the situation.
(30) In FIG. 4a it is to be seen that the collision areas K1, K2 are shown to the driver on the right monitor M2 of the two monitors M1, M2 which are arranged in the driver's cabin due to the expected viewing direction (see arrow BR to the right front in FIG. 4b), in order to allow the driver to quickly view into the two collision areas K1, K2 under ergonomical view points. Thus, the driver may quickly and reliably assess the collision risk in the collision areas K1, K2 without unnecessary rotating his head. In the example shown in FIG. 4a, the near area 1 is shown together with the collision area K1 in the upper half of the monitor M2, whereas the near area 3 is shown together with the collision area K2 in the lower half of the monitor M2. On the left monitor M1, the remaining two near areas 2 and 4 are shown, wherein the near area 4 is shown in the upper half and the near area 2 is shown in the lower half of the monitor M2. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b, the collision areas K1, K2 extracted/took out from near areas 1, 3 are shown together with the corresponding near areas 1, 3 on the reproduction unit 40A, 40B. Thereby, the driver may quickly view the relevant near areas 1, 3 and, at the same time, the near areas K1, K2 with an increased collision risk with greater detail depth compared to the common depiction of each of the near areas 1, 3 depending on the corresponding driving maneuver. However, it is also possible, that near areas are shown together with collision areas which are not extracted/took out from the corresponding near areas. For instance, as possible (not shown) modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4b, the near area 2 may be shown together with the collision area K2 and the near area 4 may be shown together with the collision area 1, in order to give the driver a quick impression about the entire vehicle environment.
(31) FIG. 5a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units 40A, 40B with near areas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, partially with fields of view, and collision areas K1, K2 depicted thereon according to a second embodiment. In FIG. 5b, the arrangement of the near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 and the collision areas K1, K2 associated to FIG. 5a are to be seen. As in FIG. 4b, also in FIG. 5b, an agricultural tractor 10A which has two monitors in the driver's cabin is shown in a plane view. The near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 arranged around the tractor 10A correspond to the near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 as shown in FIG. 4b. Thus, a description of near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 is omitted in FIG. 5b. Additionally, in FIG. 5b, further near areas 5 (dotted line) which are alternative near areas to the near areas 2, 3 are to be seen. Each of the near areas 5 is located at the height of the left and right rear wheel of the tractor 10A, respectively, however, compared to the near areas 2 and 3 slightly spaced apart from each of the rear wheels and extends slightly more to the rear than the near areas 2 and 3.
(32) The tractor 10A, shown in FIG. 5b, performs a driving straight forward (see arrow in the upper part of FIG. 5b). In order to monitor the vehicle environment, during driving straight forward, the driver mainly views into the left exterior rear view mirror and, in case of a mirror replacement system, into the left monitor M1 which shows the image of an image capture unit (not shown) which is mounted on the left side. Thus, the viewing direction BR of the driver runs in FIG. 5 to the left front (see arrow BR in the driver's cabin).
(33) In the driving maneuver shown in FIG. 5b (driving straight forward), in the area of the left front wheel, a collision area K1 and, in the area of the left rear wheel, a collision area K2 may occur, for instance, by a further vehicle which overtakes the tractor 10A. Thus, there is the risk that the tractor 10A collides with another body at left front and rear. Such a collision occurs between a body and the left front wheel/the left front fender and a body and the left rear wheel/the left rear fender, respectively. Thus, the collision area K1 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4b does not correspond to the entire near area 1, but only to a partial portion of the near area 1 which is located next to the left front wheel and next to the left front fender, respectively. Analogously, the collision area K2 corresponds to a partial portion of the near area 2 which is located next to the left rear wheel and next to the left rear fender, respectively. In FIG. 5b, the collision areas K1, K2 are depicted as circular planes.
(34) In FIG. 5a it is to be seen that the collision areas K1, K2 are shown to the driver on the left monitor M1 of both monitors M1, M2 arranged in the driver's cabin due to the expected viewing direction (see arrow BR to the left front in FIG. 5b), in order to allow the driver a quick understanding of the two collision areas K1, K2 under ergonomical view points, as already in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4a. In the example shown in FIG. 5a, the near area 1 is shown together with the collision area K1 in the upper half of the monitor M1, whereas the near area 2 is shown together with the collision area K2 in the lower half of the monitor M1. On the right monitor M2, the remaining both near areas 3 and 4 are shown, wherein the near area 3 is shown in the upper half and the near area 4 is shown in the lower half of the monitor M2.
(35) FIG. 6a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units 40A, 40B with near areas 1, 2, 3, 4, with fields of view and areas of view, respectively, and collision areas K1, K2 depicted thereon according to a third embodiment. In FIG. 6b, the arrangement of the near areas 1, 2, 3, 4 and the collision areas K1, K2 associated to FIG. 6a are to be seen. As in FIGS. 4b and 5b, also in FIG. 6b, an agricultural tractor 10A which has two monitors M1, M2 in the driver's cabin is shown in a plane view. The near areas 1 and 2 arranged around the tractor 10A extend in the width direction of the tractor 10A adjacent to each other in front of the tractor 10A and extend entirely largely beyond the width of the tractor 10A. The near area 3 extends on the left adjacent to the tractor 10A and corresponds in its longitudinal extension approximately to the length of the tractor 10A. The near area 4 is extends on the right adjacent to the tractor 10A and corresponds in its longitudinal extension also approximately to the length of the tractor 10A. On the right adjacent to the tractor 10A, there is building 50A. The near area 4 comprises a part of the building 50A.
(36) The tractor 10A shown in FIG. 6b performs a cornering to the right front (see arrow in the upper part of FIG. 6b), in order to turn to the right behind the building 50A which is located to the right of tractor 10A. In order to monitor the vehicle environment, during such a cornering event, the driver mainly views into the right outside rear view mirror and, in case of a mirror replacement system, into the right monitor M2 which shows the image of an image capture unit (not shown) mounted on the right outer side. Thus, the viewing direction BR of the driver runs to the right front in FIG. 6b (see arrow BR in the driver's cabin).
(37) During the driving maneuver shown in FIG. 6b (cornering to the right front), a collision area K1 is generated in the near area 1, that is, to the left of the tractor 10A, for instance by an approaching further vehicle (not shown), that crosses the lane of the tractor 10A, and, in the portion of the corner of the building 50A, around which the driver intends to turn, a collision area K2 is generated. Thus, there is a risk that the tractor 10A collides with another vehicle on the right front and collides with the building corner on the right front. Accordingly, the collision area K1 does not correspond to the entire near area 1, but only to a partial portion of the near area 1 which represents an approaching car. Analogously, a collision area K2 corresponds to a partial portion of the near area 2 which represents the building corner. In FIG. 6b, the two collision areas K1, K2 are depicted as circular planes.
(38) In FIG. 6a, it is to be seen that the collision areas K1, K2 are shown to the driver on the right monitor M2 of the two monitors M1, M2 arranged in the driver's cabin due to the expected view direction (see arrow BR to the right front in FIG. 6b), in order to allow the driver a quick view into the two collision areas K1, K2 under ergonomical view points, as already in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4a and 5a. In the example shown in FIG. 6a, the near area is shown together with a collision area K1 in the upper half of the monitor M2, whereas the near area 4 is shown together with the collision area K2 in the lower half of the monitor M2. On the left monitor M1, the remaining both near areas 2 and 3 are shown, wherein the near area 2 is shown in the upper half and the near area 3 is shown in the lower half of the monitor M1.
(39) FIG. 7a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units 40A, 40B with near areas 2, 4, with fields of view and areas of view, respectively, and collision areas K1, K2 depicted thereon according to a forth embodiment. In FIG. 7b, the arrangement of near areas 2, 4 and the collision areas K1, K2 which is associated to FIG. 7a is to be seen. In FIG. 7b, a bus 10B which has two monitors M1, M2 in the driver's cabin is shown in a plane view. The near areas 1 and 2 arranged around the bus 10B are located right and left, respectively, adjacent to the bus 10B and extend slightly from the height of the rear edge of the bus 10B up to the center of the bus 10B in its length direction. In FIG. 7b, also a near area 3 which is located behind the bus 10B and corresponds approximately to the width of the bus 10B and a near area 4 which is located in front to the bus 10B and which extends beyond the width of the bus 10B is to be seen. On the right of the bus 10B, an obstacle 50B is arranged which is constituted by a cavity of a parking lot which corresponds approximately the size of the bus and in which the bus 10B is located. The near areas 2, 3 and 4 have an overlapping area with the obstacle 50B.
(40) The bus 10B shown in FIG. 7b is going to reverse to the left out of the parking lot constituted by obstacle 50B (see arrow in the upper part of FIG. 7b). In order to monitor the vehicle environment during the reversing-out event, the driver views commonly into the left outside rear view mirror and, in case of a mirror replacement system, into the left monitor M1 which shows the image of an image capture unit (not shown) mounted on the left outer side. Thus, the viewing direction BR of the driver runs to the left front in FIG. 7b (see arrow BR in the driver's cabin).
(41) In the driving maneuver shown in FIG. 7b (reversing-out event to the left), in the near area 2, specifically at the height of the right rear wheel, a collision area K1 is generated and, in the near area 4, at the height of the front right corner of the bus 10B, a collision area K2 is generated. Thus, there is a risk that the bus 10B collides on the front right and the rear right with the obstacle 50B. Accordingly, the collision area K1 does not correspond to the entire near area 2, but only to a partial portion of the near area 2. Analogously, the collision area K2 corresponds to a partial portion of the near area 4. In FIG. 7b, the two collision areas K1, K2 are depicted as circular planes.
(42) In FIG. 7a it is to be seen that the collision areas K1, K2 are shown to the driver on the left monitor M1 of the two monitors M1, M2 arranged in the driver's cabin due to the expected viewing direction (see arrow BR to the left front in FIG. 7b), in order to allow the driver a quick overview over the two collision areas K1, K2 under ergonomical view points, as already in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4a, 5a and 6a. In the example shown in FIG. 7a, the near area 2 is shown together with a collision area K1 in the lower half of the monitor M1, whereas the near area 4 is shown together with the collision area K2 in the upper half of the monitor M1. On the right monitor M2, the remaining near areas 1 and 2 may be shown.
(43) FIG. 8a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units 40A, 40B with near areas 1, 2 with fields of view and areas of view and a collision area K1 depicted thereon according the a fifth embodiment. In FIG. 8b, the arrangement of the near areas 1, 2 and the collision areas K1 around a vehicle associated to FIG. 8a are to be seen. In FIG. 8b, a commercial vehicle 10C with an attachment (working tool) arranged in the forward direction in front of the commercial vehicle (such as a snow bucking plate) is shown in a plane view. As the vehicles shown in the other embodiments, the commercial vehicle 10C shown in FIG. 8b also has two monitors M1, M2 in the driver's cabin. The near areas 1 and 2 arranged around the commercial vehicle extend left and right, respectively, adjacent to the commercial vehicle 10C and extend from a rear edge of the commercial vehicle 10C in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle up to the height (position) of the outside rear view mirror.
(44) The commercial vehicle 10C shown in FIG. 8b is going to drive straight forward (see arrow in the upper part of FIG. 8b). On the right side, on the height (position) of the right front wheel, an obstacle (not shown) is located with which the commercial vehicle 10B may collide when driving straight forward. Thus, a collision area K1 is located on the side of the right front wheel. In FIG. 8b, the collision area K1 is depicted as circular plane. In order to monitor the collision area K1 during the planed driving maneuver, namely the driving straight forward, the driver views mainly into the right outside rear view mirror and, in case of a mirror replacement system, into the right monitor M2, which shows the image of an image capture unit (not shown) mounted to the right outer side during such a driving maneuver. Thus, the viewing direction BR of the driver runs in FIG. 8b to the right front (see arrow BR in the driver's cabin).
(45) In FIG. 8a it is to be seen that the collision K1 is shown to the driver on the right monitor M2 of the two monitors M1, M2 arranged in the driver's cabin due to the expected viewing direction (see arrow BR to the right front in FIG. 8b), in order to allow the driver a quick overview over the collision area K1 under ergonomical view points, as already in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4a, 5a, 6a and 7a. In the example shown in FIG. 8a, the near area 2 is shown together with the collision area K1 in the entire monitor M2, whereas the near area 1 is shown on the monitor M2.
(46) FIG. 9a shows a schematic view of two reproduction units 40A, 40B with near areas 1, 2, 3 with fields of view and areas of view, respectively, and a collision area K1 depicted thereon according to a sixth embodiment. In FIG. 9b, the arrangement of near areas 1, 2, 3 and the collision area K1 around the vehicle associated to FIG. 9a is to be seen. As in FIG. 8b, also in FIG. 9b, a commercial vehicle 10C with an attachment arranged in the forward direction in front of the commercial vehicle, such as a snow bucking plate, is shown in a plane view. As the vehicles shown in the other embodiments, the commercial vehicle 10C shown in FIG. 9b has two monitors M1, M2 in the driver's cabin. As in the vehicle shown in FIG. 8a, in the commercial vehicle 10C shown in FIG. 9a, the near areas 1 and 2 run on the left and right, respectively, adjacent to the commercial vehicle 10C and extend from a rear edge of the commercial vehicle 10C in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle up to the height (position) of the outside rear view mirror. The additional near area 3 is located behind the vehicle and extends approximately over the entire width of the vehicle 10C.
(47) The commercial 10C shown in FIG. 9b is going to drive straight rearward (see arrow in the upper part of FIG. 9b). Behind the commercial vehicle 10C, an obstacle 50C with which the commercial vehicle 10C may collide when driving rearward is located. Thus, a collision area K1 is located behind the commercial vehicle 10C. Specifically, the collision area K1 corresponds to a partial portion and partial section, respectively, of the near area 3. In FIG. 9b, the collision area K1 is depicted as circular plane. In order to monitor the collision area K1 during the planed driving maneuver, namely the rearward driving, the driver mainly views into the left outside rear view mirror and, in case of a mirror replacement system, into the left monitor M1 which shows the image of an image capture unit (not shown) mounted on the left outside during such a driving maneuver. Thus, the viewing direction BR of the driver runs to the left front in FIG. 9b (see arrow BR in the driver's cabin). However, it is also common during such a driving maneuver that the driver views into the monitor M2 on the right in the driver's cabin from time to time. Occasionally, the monitoring of the two monitors M1, M2 may even occur alternately.
(48) Thus, the collision area K1, as shown in FIG. 8a, is shown to the driver both on the left monitor M1 and on the right monitor M2 due to the expected viewing direction (see arrow BR to the left and right front in FIG. 9b), in order to allow the driver a quick overview over the collision area K1 under ergonomical view points, as also shown in the embodiments in FIGS. 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a and 8a. In the example shown in FIG. 9a, the near area 3 is shown together with the collision area K1 in each of the lower parts of the monitors M1, M2, whereas the near area 1 is shown on the upper part of the left monitor M1 and the near area 2 is shown on the upper part of the right monitor M2.
(49) In general, in view of the above explanations, it can be summarized that the at least one collision area preferably is shown together with a near area from which it has been taken as partial portion. Alternatively, however, it is also possible, to show a near area together with a collision area which has not been taken from the shown near area, but has been taken from another near area. Further, it is summarized that the reproduction of at least one near area and at least one collision area preferably occurs on the reproduction unit which is monitored commonly by the driver depending on the respective driving maneuver. If no reproduction unit can be detected which is viewed exclusively or more often by the driver during a driving maneuver, a reproduction of at least one near area and at least one collision area may also be performed on all existing reproduction units. The collision area corresponds to a partial portion and an image section, respectively, of a near area captured around the vehicle. Thus, the collision area may be shown in more detail and, thus, better viewable for the driver. The selection of the collision area is performed by the control unit based on various signals, such as based on manual inputs by the driver, such as operating the turning indicator, breaking/accelerating, etc., automatic positioning capturing by a positioning system, monitoring sensors, such as radar sensors, or signals of the capture units.
(50) It is explicitly stated that all features disclosed in the description and/or the claims are intended to be disclosed separately and independently from each other for the purpose of original disclose as well as for the purpose of restricting the claimed invention independent on the composition of the features in the embodiments and/or the claims. It is explicitly stated that all value ranges or indications of groups of entities disclose every possible intermediate value or intermediate entity for the purpose of original disclosure as well as for the purpose of restricting the claimed invention, in particular as limits of value ranges.
(51) Thus, while there have shown and described and pointed out fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the devices illustrated, and in their operation, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, it is expressly intended that all combinations of those elements and/or method steps which perform substantially the same function in substantially the same way to achieve the same results are within the scope of the invention. Moreover, it should be recognized that structures and/or elements and/or method steps shown and/or described in connection with any disclosed form or embodiment of the invention may be incorporated in any other disclosed or described or suggested form or embodiment as a general matter of design choice. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the claims appended hereto.
