Atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace

Abstract

The Invention relates to an atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace, comprises a reaction chamber, an acetylene intake duct, an exhaust gas duct, a control and metering apparatus, an exhaust gas measurement apparatus, and a computer controller. The computer controller calculates a total amount of carbon in the furnace and an enrichment rate of a workpiece, and adjusts an acetylene intake volume according to the calculation result until process requirements are met. The Invention realizes carburizing with acetylene under atmospheric pressure and reduces the usage costs while improving the equipment efficiency.

Claims

1. An atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace, comprises: a reaction chamber, an acetylene intake duct, an exhaust gas duct, a control and metering apparatus arranged on the acetylene intake duct, an exhaust gas measurement apparatus arranged on the exhaust gas duct, and a computer controller respectively connected to the control and metering apparatus and the exhaust gas measurement apparatus, wherein after a set temperature is reached in the reaction chamber, the computer controller is configured to turn on the control and metering apparatus according to a set parameter to introduce acetylene into the reaction chamber, the control and metering apparatus and the exhaust gas measurement apparatus are configured to send acetylene data and exhaust gas measurement data respectively to the computer controller in real time, and the computer controller is configured to calculate a total amount of carbon in the furnace and an enrichment rate of a workpiece, and adjust an acetylene intake volume according to the calculation result until process requirements are met.

2. The atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas measurement apparatus comprises a mass spectrometer.

3. The atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace according to claim 1, wherein the computer controller is configured to calculate the total amount of carbon in the furnace according to the received data and the law of conservation of mass.

4. The atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace according to claim 2, the control and metering apparatus is configured to send a total amount of acetylene entering the reaction chamber to the computer controller; the exhaust gas measurement apparatus is configured to measure a percentage by volume of each gas in an exhaust gas, calculate mass of each gas, and send the percentage by volume and the mass to the computer controller; and the computer controller is configured to calculate the total amount of carbon in the furnace according to thermal decomposition reaction of acetylene and the law of conservation of mass.

5. The atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace according to claim 1, wherein an stirring apparatus is arranged at a top of the reaction chamber.

6. The atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace according to claim 1, wherein a heating apparatus is arranged in the reaction chamber.

7. The atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace according to claim 1, wherein a thermal insulation layer is wrapped around an outer layer of the reaction chamber.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a schematic structural cross-sectional front view of an acetylene carburizing furnace according to the Invention; and

(2) FIG. 2 is a schematic structural cross-sectional left view of an acetylene carburizing furnace according to the Invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

(3) In the Figures: stirring apparatus 1; heating apparatus 2; thermal insulation layer 3; workpiece 4; control and metering apparatus 5; computer controller 6; exhaust gas measurement apparatus 7; reaction chamber 8; furnace door 9.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(4) The Invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and a specific embodiment. This embodiment is implemented on the basis of the technical solution of the Invention and provides a detailed implementation and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the Invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

Embodiment

(5) As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an atmospheric-pressure acetylene carburizing furnace comprises a reaction chamber 8, an acetylene intake duct, an exhaust gas duct, a control and metering apparatus 5 arranged on the acetylene intake duct, an exhaust gas measurement apparatus 7 arranged on the exhaust gas duct, and a computer controller 6 respectively connected to the control and metering apparatus 5 and the exhaust gas measurement apparatus 7. A stirring apparatus 1 is arranged at the top of the reaction chamber 8. A heating apparatus 2 is arranged in the reaction chamber 8. A thermal insulation layer 3 is wrapped around an outer layer of the reaction chamber 8. The exhaust gas measurement apparatus 7 comprises a mass spectrometer.

(6) A flow using the carburizing furnace comprises the following steps:

(7) inputting process requirements of a target workpiece into the computer controller 6, opening a furnace door 9, feeding a workpiece 4 into the carburizing furnace, and turning on the heating apparatus 4. After a set temperature is reached in the reaction chamber 8, the computer controller 6 turns on the control and metering apparatus 5 according to a set parameter to introduce acetylene into the reaction chamber 8. After entering the carburizing furnace, the acetylene comes into contact with the metal surface and decomposes in a high-temperature environment. Carbon atoms produced by decomposition are directly kept on the surface of the workpiece, and there are no free carbon atoms. The larger the number of carbon atoms on the surface of the workpiece is, the higher the carburizing speed will be, and the higher the carbon content of the surface of the workpiece will be. During reaction, a dynamic balance is achieved between gas components in the furnace, the control and metering apparatus 5 and the exhaust gas measurement apparatus 7 respectively sends acetylene data and exhaust gas measurement data to the computer controller 6, and the computer controller 6 calculates a total amount of carbon in the furnace and an enrichment rate of a workpiece according to the received data and the law of conservation of mass, and adjusts an acetylene intake volume according to the calculation result. The process continues if a condition is satisfied; otherwise, the control and metering apparatus 5 adjusts the acetylene intake volume until process requirements are met. The control and metering apparatus 5 not only controls entrance of the acetylene into the reaction chamber, but also record the total mass of acetylene entering the reaction chamber. The control and metering apparatus 5 sends the total mass of acetylene entering the reaction chamber to the computer controller 6. After reaction of the acetylene at a high temperature, carbon atoms are left on the metal surface inside the reaction chamber, and an exhaust gas produced by the reaction, including methane, hydrogen, and unreacted acetylene, is discharged from the exhaust gas duct. The exhaust gas measurement apparatus 7 measures a percentage by volume of each gas in the exhaust gas, calculates mass of each gas, and sends the percentage by volume and the mass to the computer controller 6. The computer controller 6 calculates the total amount of carbon in the furnace according to thermal decomposition reaction of acetylene and the law of conservation of mass.

(8) Decomposition of acetylene at a high temperature is expressed as the following equations:

(9) ##STR00001##

(10) In comparison with other gases, acetylene features a high carbon yield, as shown by the following table:

(11) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Carbon contents and carbon yields of gases Thermal decomposition during carburizing Carburizing gas Carbon content Carbon yield Methane CH4 75% <3% Dimethylmethane 82% about 25% C3H8 Acetylene C2H2 92% about 60%
where the carbon content is measured in weight percentage, and the carbon yield is the percentage of carbon from gas to the load. As can be seen, the carbon content and carbon yield of acetylene are very high. Therefore, acetylene is the best carburizing atmosphere.