Device and method for controlling nasal exudation

Abstract

An inflatable device for insertion into a user's nose for controlling nasal exudation has an elongated shaft including at least one lumen for accommodating a fluid; an inflatable balloon connected to the shaft, the balloon being in fluid connection to the lumen; and an absorber for absorbing nasal exudates, the absorber being disposed at an outer circumference of the shaft and/or at a distal tip portion of the device. Another inflatable device for insertion into a user's nose for controlling nasal exudation has an elongated shaft including at least one lumen for accommodating a fluid; and an inflatable balloon connected to the shaft, the balloon being in fluid connection to the lumen; the balloon containing a cooling agent, wherein the cooling agent is configured to cool the balloon when coming into contact with the fluid.

Claims

1. A method of controlling bleeding from a user's bodily cavity using a cooling agent, the method comprising: introducing an inflatable balloon into the user's bodily cavity; inflating the balloon with a fluid comprising the cooling agent; and internally cooling the balloon with the cooling agent so as to reduce the bleeding from the bodily cavity, wherein the internally cooling comprises dissolving the cooling agent in a solvent so as to form a solution, said solution constituting the fluid.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is urged through a valve or a rupturable membrane before the solvent comes into contact with the cooling agent to dissolve the cooling agent.

3. The method according to claim 1, comprising a solid having a positive enthalpy of solution in the solvent.

4. A method of controlling bleeding from a user's bodily cavity, comprising: introducing a single inflatable balloon into the user's bodily cavity; inflating the balloon with a liquid; and internally cooling the balloon with a cooling agent internally cooling the liquid so as to reduce bleeding from the user's bodily cavity, wherein the internally cooling comprises dissolving the cooling agent in the liquid.

5. A method of controlling bleeding from a user's bodily cavity, comprising: introducing a single inflatable balloon into the user's bodily cavity; inflating the balloon with a liquid; and internally cooling the balloon with a cooling agent internally cooling the liquid so as to reduce bleeding from the user's bodily cavity, wherein the liquid is urged through a valve or rupturable membrane before the liquid comes into contact with the cooling agent to dissolve the cooling agent.

6. A method of controlling bleeding from a user's bodily cavity, comprising: introducing a single inflatable balloon into the user's bodily cavity without introducing the balloon farther than necessary for controlling the bleeding, and positioning the balloon in the user's bodily cavity; inflating the balloon with a liquid; and internally cooling the balloon with a cooling agent internally cooling the liquid so as to reduce bleeding from the bodily cavity, wherein the bodily cavity comprises a nasal cavity and wherein the inserting of the single inflatable balloon into the user's bodily cavity without introducing the balloon farther than necessary for controlling the bleeding comprises inserting the single inflatable balloon not further than the user's vascular plexus.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows a cross sectional view of the inventive device;

(2) FIG. 2 shows an initial phase of the inventive method; and

(3) FIG. 3 shows a later phase of the inventive method.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(4) In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the device comprises a body portion 7 having a cylindrical outer wall 11, a likewise cylindrical inner wall 13, accommodating water as the fluid 15 in its section below (proximal to) the septum 17, and an absorber 19 arranged in part between the outer 11 and inner 13 walls, and for another part around that section of the body 7 housing the septum 17. A part of the outer wall 11 is transparent, and bears marks forming a scale 21, for indicating progress of nasal exudates being absorbed by the absorber. For this purpose, the absorber 19 may contain an indicator agent if the nasal exudates are colorless (not necessary for blood).

(5) A plunger 23, actuated via a plunger rod 25, defines a lumen of the shaft, wherein the plunger may be moved in the lengthwise direction indicated by the double-tipped arrow; namely, inwardly (upward in FIG. 1) when activating the device, and outwardly (downward in FIG. 1) before removing the device from the nose after use.

(6) In the embodiment shown, the device's body 7 is contiguous with a balloon section 5 arranged distally of the body 7, which balloon section comprises the inflatable balloon 26. On the right hand side of FIG. 1, the balloon is shown in its normal, non-inflated state 26; whereas on the left-hand side of FIG. 1, the balloon is shown in its inflated state 26. The balloon section 5 further comprises a chamber having a chamber wall 27 inside the balloon 26. The chamber wall 27 has openings 28 formed therein, for allowing an inflating fluid to pass therethrough, and ultimately to exert a pressure on the balloon 26 from the inside thereof. Inside the chamber, an agent 29 such as potassium nitrate (KNO.sub.3) or the like is accommodated, which agent will readily dissolve in water (or other suitable fluid) under cooling when brought into contact. The agent may be provided in a small bag 30 made of a fluid permeable or perforated material, or a material disintegrating when brought into contact with the fluid. It is envisaged that the material of the bag will present some resistance to the ingress of water, so that the dissolving of the cooling agent will take some time, e.g. between 2 and 20 minutes, or between 5 and 10 minutes, in order that the cooling will proceed in a smooth manner, avoiding undesirable freezing of the water.

(7) Usually, around 2 ml will be sufficient to inflate the balloon 26. For children, less than that may be required; accordingly, a suitable volume of the lumen will generally be between 1 ml and 5 ml.

(8) Although not shown, a connector arrangement may be provided at the distal end of the shaft, in order to assemble the body to the balloon section 5 described above. In this case, the septum 17 may comprise two septa in succession, wherein one septum forms part of the body section 7 (or syringe) and the other septum forms part of the balloon section 5, for sealing the balloon 26 until use. The connector assembly may consist of a male thread on the shaft part, and a matching female thread on the balloon part, or vice versa. It is envisaged to provide the various parts of the device, at least the shaft part including the plunger and the balloon part, as separate entities, which are assembled only immediately before use. The fluid may be provided in the shaft/plunger part, such as a syringe, or may be (tap or distilled) water to be filled into the lumen directly before use. In this variant, the plunger is initially in a position pushed inside the shaft, is drawn out of the shaft with the tip of the syringe held into a reservoir containing water (or into water flowing from a tap or the like) so as to suck water into the lumen of the syringe, and is then connected to the balloon part, ready for use. In another variant, it is envisaged to provide even the cooling agent separately. In this embodiment, the cooling agent may be configured to exert its cooling action upon being mechanically activated, such as pressed or bent. Such pressing or bending may trigger a transition from a metastable state into a stable state, the transition proceeding under cooling. The activated cooling agent is then introduced into the balloon part, the shaft part connected thereto, the device inserted into the nostril and the balloon inflated. In this embodiment, it is not necessary that the process of dissolution proceeds under cooling, nor that the cooling agent dissolves in the fluid in the first place; rather, the fluid may merely serve as a heat conductor (from the nasal cavity wall into the balloon).

(9) At the distal side of the chamber, a support arrangement such as two (or more) hooks 31 for holding a further absorber 33 is located. The support arrangement 31 and the absorber 33 form a tip section 9 of the device. The shape of the absorber 33 in this example is frustoconical or conical or egg-like, in order to facilitate insertion of the tip section 9 into the nostril.

(10) In operation, depicted in FIGS. 2 and 3, the device is farther inserted into the nostril, such that the balloon section 5 is likewise inside the nostril, but the scale 21 is outside thereof and still visible. At this stage, the balloon 26 is not yet inflated (FIG. 2). It may be seen that the length L of the device's balloon section 5 and tip section 9 combined is limited so as not to abut against the upper wall of the nasal cavity. In this embodiment, the length L is about 4 cm; generally, it will usually be in the range 3-5 cm.

(11) After insertion, the plunger 23 is displaced inwardly so as to urge the fluid 15 contained in the lumen through the septum 17 and into the chamber (which in this embodiment accommodates the cooling agent 29). The fluid further exits the chamber through the openings 28 and thereby inflates the balloon 26, as shown in FIG. 3. The balloon in this manner exerts some gentle pressure on the inside of the nasal wall, helping to control nasal exudation. At the same time, the balloon seals the nostril to prevent further exudation. Any exudates oozing out around the balloon 26 will be absorbed by the absorber 19 arranged around the body 7; additionally, the absorber 33 constituting the tip section 9 will absorb any exudates otherwise accumulating inside of the nasal cavity. Naturally, if the device is to be used to stop nose bleed, it is conceivable to provide a vasoconstricting agent in the absorber sections.

(12) As long as the exudation continues, the front line of the exudate absorbed by the proximally arranged absorber 19 will move along the length of the scale 21 on the shaft, as indicated in FIG. 3. The stalling of this progress would thus indicate ceasing of exudation. To the end of more easily monitoring the progress of the exudates, parts of the shaft may be made of a transparent, preferably polymeric, material. The scale may be formed as a series of equidistant protrusions or marks on the otherwise uniform outer surface of the shaft. A transparent lengthwise strip is sufficient for this purpose, whereas the remainder of the outer surface may be opaque.

(13) In order for the cooling agent 29 to perform its function, it should have a positive enthalpy of solution in the fluid 15. I.e., under normal conditions and constant pressure, the dissolving shall readily take place, but shall require input of energy into the solution. The required energy will be provided by the thermal energy of the solvent and solute. The process will thus lead to internal cooling of the solution and therefore of the balloon 26 as a whole. Via the thin envelope of the balloon 26, the inside of the nasal cavity will likewise be cooled, and exudation will be slowed or stopped. Similarly, any swelling of the nose will be reduced.

(14) It may be estimated that an enthalpy of dissolution of more than 10 kJ/mol may be required to achieve sufficient cooling. Herein, it is assumed that an amount of between 0.1 g and 1 g of the cooling agent 29 may be suitably accommodated in the chamber.

(15) While the invention has been described above in the context of specific embodiments, the skilled person will become aware of various suitable modifications and variations. The above description accordingly shall not be construed as limiting for the invention, which is defined by the appended claims only.