Displacement detection device and continuously variable transmission
10527456 ยท 2020-01-07
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
F16H55/56
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
G01D5/145
PHYSICS
F16H9/12
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
F16H55/56
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Abstract
Provided are a displacement detection device and a continuously variable transmission which directly detect a position of a movable sheave. An infinitely variable transmission includes: a magnet; a movable sheave which has a concave portion on a circumferential surface; and a sensor provided with Hall elements which are arranged between the magnet and the circumferential surface of the movable sheave, detect, in a rotation direction and a direction orthogonal to the rotation direction, each of changes in magnetic flux densities accompanying the displacement of the movable sheave in the magnetic field which is formed by the magnet and attracted to the concave portion, and output output values according to the magnetic flux densities.
Claims
1. A displacement detection device, comprising: a magnet which forms a magnetic field; a measurement target which rotates as well as is displaced in a rotational axis direction and has a concave portion or a convex portion on a circumferential surface; and a sensor provided with detection elements which are arranged between the magnet and the circumferential surface of the measurement target, detect, in the rotational axis direction and a radial direction of the measurement target, each of changes in magnetic flux densities accompanying displacement of the measurement target in the magnetic field which is formed by the magnet and attracted to the concave portion or the convex portion of the measurement target, and output output values according to the magnetic flux densities, and with signal processing circuits which process outputs of the detection elements, wherein the sensor has the detection elements arranged in pairs with a predetermined interval in the rotational axis direction, and the signal processing circuits calculate differences between the output values of the plurality of the detection elements in the rotational axis direction and the radial direction as a first difference and a second difference, respectively, and output, as an output signal, a value obtained based on a ratio of the first difference to the second difference.
2. A continuously variable transmission, comprising: a magnet which forms a magnetic field; a movable sheave which has a concave portion or a convex portion on a circumferential surface; and a sensor provided with detection elements which are arranged between the magnet and the circumferential surface of the movable sheave, detect, in a rotational axis direction of the movable sheave and a radial direction of the movable sheave, each of changes in magnetic flux densities accompanying displacement of the movable sheave in the magnetic field which is formed by the magnet and attracted to the concave portion or the convex portion of the movable sheave, and output output values according to the magnetic flux densities, and with signal processing circuits which process outputs of the detection elements, wherein the sensor has the detection elements arranged in pairs with a predetermined interval in the rotational axis direction, and the signal processing circuits calculate differences between the output values of the plurality of the detection elements in the rotational axis direction and the radial direction as a first difference and a second difference, respectively, and output, as an output signal, a value obtained based on a ratio of the first difference to the second difference.
3. A displacement detection device, comprising: a magnet which forms a magnetic field; and a sensor provided with detection elements which are arranged between the magnet and a concave portion or a convex portion formed on a circumferential surface of a measurement target which rotates as well as is displaced in a rotational axis direction, detect, in the rotational axis direction and a radial direction of the measurement target, each of changes in magnetic flux densities accompanying displacement of the measurement target in the magnetic field which is formed by the magnet and attracted to the concave portion or the convex portion of the measurement target, and output output values according to the magnetic flux densities, and with signal processing circuits which process outputs of the detection elements, wherein the sensor has the detection elements arranged in pairs with a predetermined interval in the rotational axis direction, and the signal processing circuits calculate differences between the output values of the plurality of the detection elements in the rotational axis direction and the radial direction as a first difference and a second difference, respectively, and output, as an output signal, a value obtained based on a ratio of the first difference to the second difference.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) A general architecture that implements the various features of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. The drawings and the associated descriptions are provided to illustrate embodiments of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
(11) Various embodiments according to the invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. In general, according to one embodiment of the invention, there is provided a displacement detection device, including:
(12) a magnet which forms a magnetic field;
(13) a measurement target which rotates as well as is displaced in a rotational axis direction and has a concave portion or a convex portion on a circumferential surface; and
(14) a sensor provided with detection elements which are arranged between the magnet and the circumferential surface of the measurement target, detect, in the rotational axis direction and a radial direction of the measurement target, each of changes in magnetic flux densities accompanying displacement of the measurement target in the magnetic field which is formed by the magnet and attracted to the concave portion or the convex portion of the measurement target, and output output values according to the magnetic flux densities, and with signal processing circuits which process outputs of the detection elements,
(15) in which the sensor has the detection elements arranged in pairs with a predetermined interval in the rotational axis direction, and
(16) the signal processing circuits calculate differences between the output values of the plurality of the detection elements in the rotational axis direction and the radial direction as a first difference and a second difference, respectively, and output, as an output signal, a value obtained based on a ratio of the first difference to the second difference.
(17) According to another embodiment of the invention, there is provided a continuously variable transmission, including:
(18) a magnet which forms a magnetic field;
(19) a movable sheave which has a concave portion or a convex portion on a circumferential surface; and
(20) a sensor provided with detection elements which are arranged between the magnet and the circumferential surface of the movable sheave, detect, in a rotational axis direction of the movable sheave and a radial direction of the movable sheave, each of changes in magnetic flux densities accompanying displacement of the movable sheave in the magnetic field which is formed by the magnet and attracted to the concave portion or the convex portion of the movable sheave, and output output values according to the magnetic flux densities, and with signal processing circuits which process outputs of the detection elements,
(21) in which the sensor has the detection elements arranged in pairs with a predetermined interval in the rotational axis direction, and
(22) the signal processing circuits calculate differences between the output values of the plurality of the detection elements in the rotational axis direction and the radial direction as a first difference and a second difference, respectively, and output, as an output signal, a value obtained based on a ratio of the first difference to the second difference.
(23) According to another embodiment of the invention, there is provided a displacement detection device, including:
(24) a magnet which forms a magnetic field; and
(25) a sensor provided with detection elements which are arranged between the magnet and a concave portion or a convex portion formed on a circumferential surface of a measurement target which rotates as well as is displaced in a rotational axis direction, detect, in the rotational axis direction and a radial direction of the measurement target, each of changes in magnetic flux densities accompanying displacement of the measurement target in the magnetic field which is formed by the magnet and attracted to the concave portion or the convex portion of the measurement target, and output output values according to the magnetic flux densities, and with signal processing circuits which process outputs of the detection elements,
(26) in which the sensor has the detection elements arranged in pairs with a predetermined interval in the rotational axis direction, and
(27) the signal processing circuits calculate differences between the output values of the plurality of the detection elements in the rotational axis direction and the radial direction as a first difference and a second difference, respectively, and output, as an output signal, a value obtained based on a ratio of the first difference to the second difference.
(28) According to the inventions, the position of the movable sheave can be directly detected.
(29) Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
EMBODIMENT
(30) (Configuration of Continuously Variable Transmission)
(31)
(32) As shown in
(33) The drive pulley 20 is composed of a fixed sheave 15 fixed to the pulley shaft 12 and a movable sheave 21 which is supported by the pulley shaft 12 and movable against the fixed sheave 15. The V-belt 22 is wound between these sheaves 15 and 21.
(34) A ramp plate 13 is fixed to the pulley shaft 12 behind the movable sheave 21, and a plurality of centrifugal weights 19 are held between the movable sheave 21 and the ramp plate 13. When the pulley shaft 12 rotates and a centrifugal force according to the rotational speed acts on the centrifugal weights 19, the centrifugal weights 19 move radially outward along a cam surface 17 of the movable sheave 21 and move the movable sheave 21 toward the fixed sheave 15 (see
(35) Meanwhile, a sliding surface of the V-belt 22 and the cam surface 17 of the movable sheave 21 are constituted by different parts, and an arm 26 is coupled to a boss portion 23 between the both surfaces through a bearing 24. Moreover, an output rod 46 of an actuator 30 which moves the movable sheave 21 in cooperation with the centrifugal weights 19 is coupled to a front edge of the arm 26.
(36) The actuator 30 connects a motor 32, a drive source, to the main body portion, and the main body portion has inside a reduction gear group for decelerating an output of the motor 32 and a nut member rotationally driven by the motor 32 through this reduction gear group.
(37) The actuator 30 has the output rod 46 which projects from the main body portion by the drive of the motor 32. At a front edge 54 of the output rod 46, a U groove 55 coupled to the arm 26 is provided. Moreover, the output rod 46 is supported by a shaft bearing disposed in the main body portion of the actuator 30.
(38) When the output rod 46 moves, the arm 26 also moves integrally with the output rod 46 and moves the movable sheave 21 against the fixed sheave 15. As a result, the interval between the fixed sheave 15 and the movable sheave 21, that is, the winding radius of the V-belt 22 changes.
(39) In other words, as shown in
(40) The motor 32 is controlled by a control unit (not shown). Furthermore, the control by the control unit is performed based on the displacement amount of the movable sheave 21 detected by a sensor 60. That is, the movement of the movable sheave 21 is controlled by using the displacement amount of the movable sheave 21 as feedback information.
(41) The sensor 60 is inserted into a hole provided in the transmission case 28 and detects a position of a concave portion 210 provided over the front circumference of a circumferential surface 211 of the movable sheave 21. As for the concave portion 210 and the sensor 60, when the interval between the fixed sheave 15 and the movable sheave 21 is short as shown in
(42) The movable sheave 21 is formed of a general magnetic material, for example, a material such as iron. Note that the sensor 60 may be installed without providing a hole when the transmission case 28 is formed of a nonmagnetic material such as stainless steel, aluminum or brass.
(43)
(44) For example, the sensor 60 is formed by coinciding the centers of a Hall IC 61 and a columnar magnet 62 in the x and y direction and molding a synthetic resin or the like into a cylindrical shape. The Hall IC 61 is arranged in a magnetic field of the magnet 62 and detects an x component and a z component of the magnetic field which changes according to displacement of the concave portion 210 (see
(45) The magnet 62 is a permanent magnet formed by using a material such as ferrite, samarium cobalt or neodymium and has a magnetization direction Dm in a z direction.
(46) As will be described later, when an interval between Hall elements 610r.sub.1 and 610r.sub.2 is 0.2 mm (
(47)
(48) As shown in
(49) The Hall IC 61 uses, for example, a triaxis position sensor manufactured by Melexis or the like to calculate a difference between outputs of the left Hall elements 610l.sub.1 and 610l.sub.2 and a difference between outputs of the right Hall elements 610r.sub.1 and 610r.sub.2 and thus obtains outputs 2B.sub.xl and 2B.sub.xr proportional to the magnetic flux densities in the x direction at the respective positions of the left Hall element 610l and the right Hall element 610r. Moreover, by adding the outputs of the left Hall elements 610l.sub.1 and 610l.sub.2 and adding the outputs of the right Hall elements 610r.sub.1 and 610r.sub.2, outputs 2B.sub.zl and 2B.sub.zr proportional to the magnetic flux densities in the z direction at the respective positions of the left Hall element 610l and the right Hall element 610r are obtained. Note that sensitive directions of the outputs B.sub.xl and B.sub.xr and B.sub.zl and B.sub.zr proportional to the magnetic flux densities in the x direction and the z directions are set to D.sub.sx and D.sub.sz shown in
(50) Next, the Hall IC 61 calculates two kinds of values, a difference (B.sub.xrB.sub.xl)=B.sub.x (first difference) between the outputs of the left Hall element 610l and the right Hall element 610r proportional to the magnetic flux densities in the x direction and a difference (B.sub.zrB.sub.zl)=B.sub.z (second difference) between the outputs of the left and the right proportional to the magnetic flux densities in the z direction, and a value determined based on a ratio of these two kinds of values is set to an output of the Hall IC 61. The relationships between the magnetic flux densities and the outputs will be described later. An interval between the magnetic concentrator 611l and the magnetic concentrator 611r is, for example, 1.9 to 2.0 mm. Moreover, an interval between the Hall elements 610l.sub.1 and 610l.sub.2 and an interval between the Hall elements 610r.sub.1 and 610r.sub.2 are 0.2 mm, and a package mold portion has a thickness of 1.5 mm in the z direction, a width of 8.2 mm in the x direction, and a height of 3 mm in the y direction. Permalloy can be used as the magnetic concentrator 611 of the sensor 60. Note that, although the detection sensitivity of the Hall IC 61 is enhanced by enlarging the magnetic concentrator 611, the maximum magnetic flux density at which the magnetic concentrator 611 is magnetically saturated decreases, and thus the size is selected so that the detection sensitivity and the maximum magnetic flux density become optimum values.
(51) Note that a different kind of elements such as an MR element may be used instead of the Hall IC 61 as long as the detection direction is the x and z directions or a multi-axial magnetic detection IC, in which magnetic detection elements are arranged in a plurality of respective axial directions, may be used as long as the detection direction includes the x and z directions.
(52) (Operation of Displacement Detection Device)
(53) Next, the action of the embodiment will be described using
(54)
(55) As shown in
(56) Next, as shown in
(57) Next, as shown in
(58) Next, as shown in
(59) Furthermore, as shown in
(60) As described above, the magnetic flux densities detected by the Hall IC 61 are graphically shown in
(61)
(62) The difference B.sub.x between the x components of the magnetic flux densities detected by the Hall IC 61 becomes the maximum B.sub.x when the displacement amount of the movable sheave 21 is smallest (x=L/2) and largest (x=L/2), and becomes the minimum B.sub.x when the displacement amount is at the intermediate point (x=0). Note that B.sub.offset is generated since a magnetic field in a direction which is always open outward against the Hall elements 610l and 610r is biased, and changes when the magnetic field formed by the magnet 62 changes. Note that, since the magnetic characteristics of the magnet 62 depend on the temperature, the value of B.sub.offset also depends on the temperature.
(63)
(64) The difference B.sub.z between the z components of the magnetic flux densities detected by the Hall IC 61 becomes 0 when the displacement amount of the movable sheave 21 is smallest (x=L/2), at the intermediate point (x=0) and the most displaced point (x=L/2), becomes smallest when the displacement amount is at a passing point (x=L/4), and becomes largest when the displacement amount is at a passing point (x=L/4).
(65)
(66) The sensor 60 calculates an angle by computing Arctan (B.sub.z/(B.sub.xB.sub.offset))= from the x component B.sub.x and the z component B.sub.z of the magnetic flux density described above and outputs a voltage V.sub.out proportional to the angle . The voltage V.sub.out is linear to displacement x. Note that, since the magnetic characteristics of the magnet 62 depend on the temperature, the value of B.sub.offset also changes according to the temperature.
Advantageous Effects of Embodiment
(67) According to the first embodiment described above, the concave portion 210 is formed on the circumferential surface 211 of the movable sheave 21 serving as a measurement target, and the magnetic flux attracted to the concave portion 210 from the magnet 62 is detected by the sensor 60 so that non-contact direct detection of the position of the movable sheave 21 can be performed. Note that the same effects can also be exerted when the concave portion 210 is formed by a curve, instead of being formed with a vertical step.
(68) Moreover, since the output is obtained by computing the Arctan (B.sub.z/(B.sub.xB.sub.offset))=, the voltage V.sub.out, the output, is linear to the displacement x. This is advantageous in that the displacement can be continuously obtained, whereas the output of a general gear sensor is a switching type and only the number of gear teeth can be counted. Furthermore, since is obtained from the difference between the magnetic fluxes in the x direction and the z direction, the Hall IC 61 hardly picks up disturbance noise.
(69) In addition, suppose the Hall element 610l and 610r are arranged with a certain distance apart in the x direction, and the movable sheave 21, a soft magnetic body, is arranged at infinity. The magnetic flux formed by the magnet 62 in this case is set to be a target for the Hall elements 610l and 610r, and the displacement is obtained from the difference between the output of the Hall element 610l and the output of the Hall element 610r. Thus, a detectable displacement L is double a width l of the concave portion. When any one of the Hall elements 610l and 610r is used, the detectable displacement is equal to the width l of the concave portion. Thus, the detectable displacement is double compared with this case.
OTHER EMBODIMENTS
(70) It should be noted that the invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made in a scope without departing from the gist of the invention. For example, above embodiment of the invention can be modified as shown in the following modification example, and each may be combined.
Modification Example 1
(71)
(72) As the measurement target of the sensor 60, a movable sheave 21a having a convex portion 212 on the circumferential surface 211 may be used. Note that the convex portion 212 may be dome-shaped, instead of having the cross-section thereof with a vertical end portion as shown in
(73) In addition, although, in the embodiments described above, the displacement detection device is used as the continuously variable transmission as an example, the displacement detection device is not limited to the continuously variable transmission, and devices with the measurement target having the circumferential surface can also be applied. Examples of the devices include a shaft of a motor and the like which can perform non-contact detection of the displacement. Moreover, the measurement target does not have to rotate. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the concave portion or the convex portion over the entire circumference. Furthermore, when rotates, the measurement target may rotate around the entire circumference (360) or may rotate partially (<360).
(74) In addition, the combination of the sensor and the magnet in the embodiments described above is an example, and a change can be made into a different combination by appropriately selecting each of these in a scope that the functions of the position detection are not impaired and the gist of one embodiment of the invention is not changed.