FLOOD-RESISTANT FACILITY EQUIPPED WITH FLOOD-RESISTANT BARRIER

Abstract

A flood-resistant facility is obtained by constructing a flood-resistant barrier surrounding a plurality of buildings. The area surrounded by the flood-resistant barrier is such that an embankment is created, and the height of the upper end part of the flood-resistant barrier constructed on the embankment is at least the height of the flood depth of that region. By closing off an opening in the flood-resistant barrier during flooding, an isolated space is formed between the buildings and the flood-resistant barrier. A portion of the wall of one or more of the buildings protrudes to outside of the area surrounded by the flood-resistant barrier, and the wall surface of the protruding section is configured to be a water-resistant wall which has watertightness and is continuous with the flood-resistant barrier. Furthermore, the height of the flood-resistant barrier main body can be suppressed in an amount equivalent to the height of the embankment.

Claims

1. A flood-resistant facility equipped with a flood-resistant barrier, characterized in that in the periphery of one or more buildings, a flood-resistant barrier made to be watertight is constructed so as to surround nearly the entire periphery of said buildings except openings configured to be an entrance and exit for use at normal times, said flood-resistant barrier being configured so as to have an upper end part that is at least equal in height to an estimated flood depth in an application target region, as well as to have durability enough to be resistant to the water pressure of floodwater of at least said estimated flood depth, and the opening sections of said flood-resistant barrier are provided with an opening sealing means for water-tightly closing off the openings in the opening sections during flooding, wherein an embankment of at least a predetermined height is created in an area surrounded by said flood-resistant barrier, and the height of the upper end part of the flood-resistant barrier constructed on said embankment is set to be least equal to the estimated flood depth in the target region, wherein in a predetermined area outside said flood-resistant barrier, a sloping embankment part is created as a transition section which gradually increases in height from the surface of a point or source or origin toward the flood-resistant barrier, and wherein a portion of the wall of at least one or more of said buildings is made to protrude to outside of an area surrounded by said flood-resistant barrier, and the wall surface of the protruding section up to the outside of the area surrounded by said flood-resistant barrier is configured to be a water-resistant wall which has watertightness and is continuous with said flood-resistant barrier.

2. The flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier according to claim 1, wherein said embankment is 0.5 to 3.0 m in height.

3. The flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier according to claim 1, wherein said opening sealing means includes a multiplex water cutoff wall having a plurality of water cutoff walls disposed in a double or at least triple wall arrangement with a gap in the wall thickness direction and a drainage means for draining water having infiltrated between said water cutoff walls to the outside.

4. The flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier according to claim 1, wherein planting is applied to the partial or nearly entire area of said transition section.

5. The flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier according to claim 1, wherein wave dissipating blocks or wave dissipating structures are installed in the partial or nearly entire periphery of said flood-resistant barrier.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] FIG. 1 is a perspective view conceptionally showing a flood-resistant facility equipped with a flood-resistant barrier according to the present invention.

[0068] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view conceptionally showing the relation between the flood-resistant barrier and an embankment according to the present invention.

[0069] FIG. 3 is a plan view conceptionally showing one embodiment of the flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier according to the present invention.

[0070] FIG. 4 is a plan view conceptionally showing another embodiment of the flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier according to the present invention.

[0071] FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing one embodiment as the specific configuration of an interior section of the flood-resistant barrier in the flood-resistant facility according to the present invention.

[0072] FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment as the specific configuration of the interior section of the flood-resistant barrier in the flood-resistant facility according to the present invention.

[0073] FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a multiplex water cutoff wall for use in an opening section.

[0074] FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.

[0075] FIG. 9 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the multiplex water cutoff wall for use in the opening section.

[0076] FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 9.

[0077] FIG. 11 is a view showing the principle of the multiplex water cutoff wall.

MODE FOR EMBODYING THE INVENTION

[0078] Hereinafter will be described the present invention with reference to the attached drawings.

[0079] FIG. 1 is a perspective view conceptionally showing a flood-resistant facility equipped with a flood-resistant barrier according to the present invention.

[0080] According to the present invention, in the periphery of various buildings 1 and/or structures constructed within a predetermined region, a flood-resistant barrier 2 made to be watertight and at least equal in height to an estimated flood depth during flooding in that region is constructed so as to surround the entire periphery of the buildings 1.

[0081] In the occurrence of flooding, openings 9 of the flood-resistant barrier 2 are closed off by an opening sealing means such as a multiplex water cutoff wall 10 detailed below so that an isolated space 3 is formed between the periphery of the buildings 1 and the flood-resistant barrier 2, thereby preventing damages to the buildings 1.

[0082] An embankment E of at least a predetermined height is created in an area surrounded by the flood-resistant barrier 2, wherein the height of an upper end part of the flood-resistant barrier 2 constructed on the embankment E is set so as to be at least equal to an estimated flood depth in an application target region.

[0083] Further, as to some of the buildings, a portion of the wall of some of buildings 1 is made to protrude to outside of the area surrounded by the flood-resistant barrier 2, and the wall surface of the protruding section is configured to be a water-resistant wall 1W which has watertightness and is continuous with the flood-resistant barrier 2.

[0084] FIG. 2 conceptionally shows the relation between the flood-resistant barrier and the embankment E according to the present invention.

[0085] Referring to this embodiment, in the periphery of a group of buildings including a multiple dwelling housing 1a, an office building 1b, a hospital 1c and a storehouse 1d which are all constructed within the predetermined region, the flood-resistant barrier 2 made to be watertight and at least equal in height to the estimated flood depth during flooding in that region is constructed so as to surround the entire periphery of the buildings. And, the openings of the flood-resistant barrier 2 are closed off by the opening sealing means during flooding so that the isolated space 3 is formed between the periphery of the buildings and the flood-resistant barrier 2, thereby preventing damages to the buildings.

[0086] In the area surrounded by the flood-resistant barrier 2, the embankment E of at least the predetermined height is created, wherein the height of the upper end part of the flood-resistant barrier 2 constructed on the embankment E is set so as to be at least equal to the estimated flood depth in the target region.

[0087] A sloping embankment part E.sub.t is created in a predetermined area outside the flood-resistant barrier 2, the sloping embankment part being configured to be a transition section T which gradually increases in height from the surface of a point of source or origin G.sub.s toward the flood-resistant barrier 2.

[0088] The embankment E is made to be about 0.5 to 3.0 m in height, specifically, about 1.5 m in height, for instance, depending on the conditions of the target region, and the height of the flood-resistant barrier-2 main body can be suppressed in an amount equivalent to the embankment height. Accordingly, the water pressure or wave pressure received by the flood-resistant barrier 2 during flooding is lowered, thus simplifying the safety design of the flood-resistant barrier 2.

[0089] It is to be noted that the embankment E is supposed to be basically created inside the flood-resistant barrier 2 as well, in which case, however, as to the foundation part for the buildings to be constructed or to its periphery, the embankment is not partly necessary in consideration of the relation to building foundation. It is to be noted also that no creation of the embankment in an interior section distant from the flood-resistant barrier 2 at a certain distance is also optionally selectable.

[0090] As to a width of the transition section T, in applications where a slope gradient is made constant in consideration of incoming and outgoing vehicles into/from the opening section, more specifically, where a longitudinal slope gradient is assumed to be 12%, for instance, the transition section width may be as large as 12.5 m when assuming the embankment height to be 1.5 m.

[0091] It is to be noted that in this embodiment, the flood-resistant barrier 2 is constructed so as to surround the plurality of buildings, whereas there may be cases where the flood-resistant barrier 2 is constructed so as to surround the single building as well.

[0092] FIG. 3 is a plan view conceptionally showing one embodiment of the flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier according to the present invention.

[0093] Referring to this embodiment, the embankment E and the embankment part E.sub.t configured to be the transition section are created on the interior side from the boundary in the site of the target region surrounded by roads, and the flood-resistant barrier 2 is constructed so as to surround the plurality of buildings 1.

[0094] Each of the openings 9 (in four places in the illustrated embodiment) of the flood-resistant barrier 2 is provided with an openable water cutoff wall 10 so as to close off the openings 9 in the occurrence of flooding.

[0095] Further, as to some of the buildings 1, a portion of the wall of some of the buildings 1 is made to protrude to outside of the area surrounded by the flood-resistant barrier 2.

[0096] The protruding section obtained by protrusion of the portion of the wall of some of the buildings 1 to outside of the flood-resistant barrier 2 is subjected to reinforcement so as to function as the water-resistant wall 1W having watertightness, so that the interior space 3 is kept in a tranquil condition by the water-resistant wall, together with the flood-resistant barrier 2 during flooding.

[0097] In this case, the length of extension of the flood-resistant barrier 2 itself is made smaller, enabling the reduction in construction cost of the flood-resistant barrier 2 itself. Meanwhile, from the point of view of the relation to the site, the degree of freedom of the design related to the arrangement of the buildings 1 is not impaired because of the arrangement of the portion of the buildings 1 up to the outside of the flood-resistant barrier 2. Further, the space of the transition section outside the flood-resistant barrier 2 is enlarged, improving the effective utilization of the transition section, together with the environmental development thereof.

[0098] Furthermore, in this embodiment, planting p is applied to the transition section outside the flood-resistant barrier 2, and some stores s are located in several places thereof.

[0099] FIG. 4 is a plan view conceptionally showing another embodiment of the flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier according to the present invention.

[0100] According to the previously described embodiment shown in FIG. 3., each route leading from a road outside the flood-resistant barrier 2 to the interior of the flood-resistant barrier 2 is designed so as to cross the transition section at right angles, resulting in the need to increase the width of the transition section to a certain extent.

[0101] On the other hand, the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 takes a configuration in which, in relation to an incoming/outgoing route into/from the interior of the flood-resistant barrier 2, a detour route 32 that makes a detour around the periphery of the flood-resistant barrier 2 is provided for amain route 31, wherein the longitudinal gradient of the detour route 32 is made smaller even when the width of the transition section is reduced.

[0102] FIG. 5 shows one embodiment as the specific configuration of an interior section of the flood-resistant barrier in the flood-resistant facility. Referring to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5., the building 1 is assumed to be the multiple dwelling house, wherein in the site where the embankment is created, the flood-resistant barrier 2 is constructed so as to surround nearly the entire periphery of the building 1. The periphery of the flood-resistant barrier 2 is configured to be the transition section of a gently sloping embankment.

[0103] Structurally, in the site surrounding the building 1, the flood-resistant barrier 2 is constructed so as to surround nearly the entire periphery of the building 1, and the sections (not shown) configured to be an entrance and exit for use at normal times such as section connected to an entrance hall, section connected to a parking place and section used as a disposal place of residential wastes and others are provided with an opening sealing means (see FIGS. 7 to 11 described below, for instance) for water-tightly closing off the openings of these sections, wherein when the risk of flooding due to floods or storm surges arises, the openings are closed off by the opening sealing means so that the isolated tranquil space 3 is formed inside the flood-resistant barrier 2.

[0104] The flood-resistant barrier 2 is made to be at least equal in height to the estimated flood depth in a region where the building 1 is located, and the height of the flood-resistant barrier 2 can be arbitrarily set to be at least equal to the estimated flood depth in consideration of the securement of safety in the case of unexpected problems, specifically, such as to be at least 2 to about 3 m for the estimated flood depth of 2 m, at least 4 to about 5 m for the estimated flood depth of 4m and at least 5 to about 6 m for the estimated flood depth of 5m, for instance.

[0105] The flood-resistant barrier 2 should be watertight and can be formed by arranging L-shaped blocks of watertight concrete side by side, followed by interposing a water cutoff material such as packing material between the L-shaped blocks, for instance. Alternatively, the flood-resistant barrier 2 may be a cast-in-place concrete flood-resistant barrier.

[0106] The flood-resistant barrier 2 should be of course structured so as to have durability enough to be resistant to the static and dynamic water pressures received during floods or storm surges, and hence, a buttress and/or a stay is additionally installed, as needed.

[0107] Further, the flood-resistant barrier should be also structured so as to be capable of coping with generation of underground flows or with backflows in sewage pipes or like problems which would be caused in the occurrence of flooding of a great flood depth. Specifically, the flood-resistant barrier 2 is embedded up to a greater depth of embedment, or alternatively, the foundation part of the flood-resistant barrier 2 is subjected to soil improvement, as needed. Meanwhile, a pipeline leading to the outside is provided with a check valve 8.

[0108] The present invention is to enable safe vertical refuge without difficulties, in which case, however, there still exists the need to cope with even situation where the surrounding areas of the building remain flooded for a week or for a long period of time above a week, for instance, on the grounds that traffics to/from the outside by land might be basically shut off in the occurrence of flooding of a great flood depth in the surrounding areas of the building.

[0109] For that reason, this embodiment takes a configuration in which an emergency-use water receiving tank 4 and an emergency-use generator 5 are installed on the rooftop of the building 1, separately from a water receiving tank for use at normal times, and besides, an emergency-use septic tank 6 is installed under the ground in the site, thereby enabling the living environment during refuge to be guaranteed for a long period of time ranging from at least a week to about a month, for instance. Further, in the occurrence of an extremely large rainfall due to heavy rain, a rainwater storage tank 7 installed under the ground in the site is applied to suppress water level elevation caused by rainfall inside the flood-resistant barrier 2. The rainwater fallen in a place surrounded by the flood-resistant barrier 2 can be once stored in the rainwater storage tank 7, followed by being drained through an upper part of the flood-resistant barrier 2 with a drainage pump, as needed.

[0110] FIG. 6 conceptionally shows another embodiment of the flood-resistant facility equipped with the flood-resistant barrier. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in relation between the building 1 and the flood-resistant barrier 2 surrounding the periphery of the building and also in configuration in which the openings are closed off by the opening sealing means so that the isolated tranquil space 3 is formed inside the flood-resistant barrier 2 when the risk of flooding due to floods and/or storm surges arises.

[0111] Conventionally, the hospitals or like buildings have been provided with an emergency-use power supply beforehand for long-term blackouts or with some equipment supposed to be applied to vertical refuge during flood disasters, in which case, however, various troubles and/or damages would be expected to occur under the circumstances that a floodwater reaches the second floor of the building, because of the fact that intrusion of water into the building 1 is prevented by taking only a measure to close off the entrance and exit.

[0112] Meanwhile, the present invention is to make it possible to form the isolated tranquil space 3 inside the flood-resistant barrier 2 even when the risk of flooding due to floods or storm surges arises, thus enabling damages to the building 1 itself to be kept to a minimum.

[0113] The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 takes a configuration in which the emergency-use water receiving tank 4 is installed on the ground in the site, and the emergency-use septic tank 6 is installed under the ground, together with the rainwater storage tank 7 for coping with heavy rainfall, when utilization of the rooftop of the building is restricted due to the existence of a heliport or the like on the rooftop, for instance, on the assumption that the equipment such as an emergency-use power supply has been installed beforehand.

[0114] For the sections configured to be the entrance and exit for use at normal times such as section connected to the entrance hall, section connected to the parking place and section used as the disposal place for the residential wastes and others, the openings are naturally needed. To cope with this situation, these openings are closed off to allow the isolated space 3 to be formed inside the flood-resistant barrier 2 when the risk of flooding due to floods or storm surges arises.

[0115] FIGS. 7 and 8 respectively show one embodiment of the opening sealing means for closing off the openings, wherein FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-section view, and FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 7.

[0116] Referring to this embodiment, there is shown one configuration in which water cutoff walls 10A, 10B formed of water cutoff panels 12 are formed in a double wall arrangement between two supports 11 disposed with a gap. FIGS. 7 and 8 respectively show one installation of the opening sealing means in the opening section of the flood-resistant barrier 2.

[0117] According to this embodiment, the supports 11 are respectively provided with two vertically- extending guide grooves 12a, 12b, and the reinforced plastic of metal plate-made water cutoff panels 12 normally kept in a storage place are vertically disposed in three stages such that both ends of each water cutoff panel 12 are respectively fitted from above into the guide grooves 12a, 12b of the supports 11 facing each other. A commonly-available water cutoff material is interposed in the portions of the g guide grooves 12a, 12b and/or between the water cutoff panels 12 to minimize water leakage from clearances.

[0118] It is to be herein noted that the present invention is not aimed at expecting any complete water cutoff performance with the individual water cutoff walls disposed in a multiplex wall arrangement, but is to control the water level between the water cutoff walls 10A, 10B in the double wall arrangement so as to be lower than the water level in an outer area by draining the infiltrating water to the outside with the drainage means such as the drainage pump 14, on the assumption that infiltration of water from the outside occurs.

[0119] The water level between the water cutoff walls 10A, 10B in the double wall arrangement is controlled lower so that the water pressure applied to the water cutoff wall 1B on the interior side is relatively lessened, thus enabling an amount of water infiltrating into the interior of the second water cutoff wall 10B to be controlled lower. In principle, it is considered that installation of more water cutoff walls such as the third and the fourth water cutoff walls on the interior side of the water cutoff walls in the double wall arrangement as shown in FIG. 11 described below enables infiltration of water into the interior of the multiplex water cutoff wall to be further controlled, in which case, however, the water cutoff walls in the double or triple wall arrangement may be enough in usual conditions.

[0120] FIG. 9 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the multiplex water cutoff wall according to the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 9.

[0121] Referring to this embodiment, openable-type water cutoff walls 10A, 10B formed of water cutoff panels 12A, 12B are formed in the double wall arrangement between two supports 11a, 11b disposed with a gap.

[0122] According to this embodiment, a side face of one support 11b is provided with a door pocket-shaped housing part 15 for housing the water cutoff panels 12A, 12B, wherein the water cutoff panels 12A, 12B housed in the housing part 15 are made to slide toward the other support 11a so as to close off the opening when the occurrence of flooding would be expected.

[0123] This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 in the principle of water cutoff operation by the water cutoff walls in the double or multiplex wall arrangement, together with the drainage means such as the drainage pump.

[0124] FIG. 11 shows the multiplex water cutoff wall in principle, wherein the multiplex water cutoff wall is constituted of a plurality of water cutoff walls (or water cutoff walls 10A, 10B, 10C and 10D) disposed in the multiplex wall arrangement with a gap in the wall thickness direction, and the drainage means (or the drainage pumps 14a, 14b and 14c) for draining water having infiltrated between the water cutoff walls to the outside.

[0125] Provided that the outermost water cutoff wall 10A exhibits complete water cutoff performance when a rise in water level occurs in an area O outside the multiplex water cutoff wall during flooding, no infiltration of water into an area I inside the multiplex water cutoff wall would be caused, in which case, however, it is difficult to secure the complete water cutoff performance in actuality, and besides, much cost is incurred. For that reason, the water cutoff walls shall be designed on the assumption that the complete water cutoff performance is not to be achieved.

[0126] The drainage pump 14a for draining the infiltrating water is installed between the water cutoff walls 10A, 10B to drain the infiltrating water to the outside of the multiplex water cutoff wall, thereby enabling the water level between the water cutoff walls 10A, 10B to be kept lower than the water level in the area O outside the water cutoff wall 10A.

[0127] When the water cutoff walls in the double wall arrangement are not enough, the number of water cutoff walls to be disposed in the multiplex wall arrangement is increased so as to dispose the third water cutoff wall 10C and the fourth water cutoff wall 10D, wherein the water infiltrating between the respective water cutoff walls is drained with the drainage pumps 14b 14c. By so doing, the infiltrating water level is lowered nearer the interior, and as a result, infiltration of water into the interior of the multiplex water cutoff wall is controlled, thereby preventing flood damages to the building and the like in the interior section protected by the multiplex water cutoff wall.

EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0128] 1 . . . Building, 1a . . . Multiple dwelling housing, 1b . . . Office building, 1c . . . Hospital, 1d . . . Storehouse, 1W . . . Water-resistant wall, 2 . . . Flood-resistant barrier, 2a . . . Embedded part, 3 . . . Space, 4 . . . Water receiving tank, 5 . . . Emergency-use generator, 6 . . . Septic tank, 7 . . . Rainwater storage tank, 8 . . . Check valve, 9 . . . Opening, E . . . Embankment, E.sub.t . . . Embankment of transition section, T . . . Transition section, p . . . Planting, s . . . Store, 10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D . . . Water cutoff wall, 11, 11a, 11b . . . Support, 12a, 12b . . . Guide groove, 12, 12A, 12B . . . Water cutoff panel, 14, 14a, 14b, 14c . . . Drainage pump, 15 . . . Housing part, 31 . . . Main route, 32 . . . Detour route