Dielectric-heating bonding film and bonding method using dielectric-heating bonding film

Abstract

A dielectric welding film capable of achieving a tight welding through a short period of dielectric heating, and a welding method using the dielectric welding film are provided. The dielectric welding film is configured to weld a pair of adherends of the same material or different materials through dielectric heating, the dielectric welding film including a thermoplastic resin as an A component and a dielectric filler as a B component and satisfying the conditions (i) and (ii): (i) a melting point or softening point measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.; and (ii) heat of fusion measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 1 to 80 J/g.

Claims

1. A dielectric welding film configured to weld a pair of adherends of the same material or different materials through dielectric heating, the dielectric welding film comprising: a thermoplastic resin as an A component; and a dielectric filler as a B component, wherein the A component is at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin resin, an olefin thermoplastic elastomer, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, a polyacetal resin, and a polyester resin, wherein when the A component contains a polyolefin resin, the polyolefin resin is one of or a combination of resins selected from a homopolymer resin including polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene and polymethylpentene, and a α-olefin resin of a copolymer of ethylene, propylene, butene, hexene, octene, and 4-methylpentene, the B component is zinc oxide, a mean particle size of the B component measured in accordance with JIS Z 8819-2 (2001) is in a range from 1 to 30 μm, a dielectric property (tan δ/ε′) defined by dividing a dissipation factor tan δ of the dielectric welding film by a permittivity ε′ of the dielectric welding film at 23 degrees C. and 40 MHz frequency is 0.005 or more, and the dielectric welding film satisfies conditions (i) and (ii): (i) a melting point or softening point measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.; and (ii) heat of fusion measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 1 to 80 J/g.

2. The dielectric welding film according to claim 1, wherein a content of the B component is in a range from 5 to 800 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the A component.

3. A welding method using a dielectric welding film configured to weld a pair of adherends of the same material or different materials through dielectric heating, the dielectric welding film comprising a thermoplastic resin as an A component and a dielectric filler as a B component, wherein the A component is at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin resin, an olefin thermoplastic elastomer, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, a polyacetal resin, and a polyester resin, wherein when the A component contains a polyolefin resin, the polyolefin resin is one of or a combination of resins selected from a homopolymer resin including polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene and polymethylpentene, and a α-olefin resin of a copolymer of ethylene, propylene, butene, hexene, octene, and 4-methylpentene, the B component is zinc oxide, a mean particle size of the B component measured in accordance with JIS Z 8819-2 (2001) is in a range from 1 to 30 μm, and the dielectric welding film satisfies conditions (i) to (iii): (i) a melting point or softening point measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.; (ii) heat of fusion measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 1 to 80 J/g; and (iii) a dielectric property (tan δ/ε′) defined by dividing a dissipation factor tan δ of the dielectric welding film by a permittivity ε′ of the dielectric welding film at 23 degrees C. and 40 MHz frequency is 0.005 or more, the method comprising steps (1) and (2): (1) holding the dielectric welding film between the pair of adherends; and (2) applying the dielectric heating on the dielectric welding film held between the pair of adherends with a dielectric heater by applying a high-frequency wave of 1 to 100 MHz frequency.

4. The welding method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the high-frequency wave is applied at a high-frequency output ranging from 0.1 to 20 kW and a high-frequency-wave application time of 1 second or more and less than 40 seconds.

5. The welding method according to claim 3, wherein a content of the B component is in a range from 5 to 800 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of a content of the A component.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S)

(1) FIG. 1 illustrates dielectric heating performed by a dielectric heater.

(2) FIG. 2A shows a surface of the dielectric welding film according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention (photograph, 150× magnification).

(3) FIG. 2B shows a cross section of the dielectric welding film according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention (photograph, 150× magnification).

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT(S)

First Exemplary Embodiment

(4) A dielectric welding film according to a first exemplary embodiment is configured to weld a pair of adherends of the same material or different materials through dielectric heating, the dielectric welding film including:

(5) a thermoplastic resin as an A component and a dielectric filler as a B component,

(6) the dielectric welding film satisfying conditions (i) and (ii) below: (i) a melting point or softening point measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) being in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.; and (ii) heat of fusion measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) being in a range from 1 to 80 J/g.

(7) The components, properties and the like of the dielectric welding film according to the first exemplary embodiment will be specifically described below.

(8) 1 Components of Dielectric Welding Film

(9) (1) A Component

(10) Type

(11) The thermoplastic resin as the A component, whose type is not limited, is, for instance, preferably at least one of a polyolefin resin, an olefin thermoplastic elastomer, a styrene thermoplastic elastomer, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, a polyacetal resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyacryl resin, a polyamide resin, a polyimide resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, a phenoxy resin and a polyester resin, which are easily melted and exhibit a predetermined heat resistance.

(12) More specifically, examples of the polyolefin resin include one of or a combination of resins selected from a homopolymer resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene and polymethylpentene, and α-olefin resin of a copolymer of ethylene, propylene, butene, hexene, octene, and 4-methylpentene.

(13) Among the polyolefin resin, polypropylene resin is especially preferable in view of easy adjustability in melting point or softening point, low cost and excellent mechanical strength and transparency thereof.

(14) It should be noted that permittivity (ε/1 MHz) of the polypropylene resin used in the invention is preferably in a range from 2.2 to 2.6, dielectric power factor (tan δ/1 MHz) of the polypropylene resin is preferably in a range from 0.0005 to 0.0018, and loss factor of the polypropylene resin is preferably approximately 0.0047.

(15) When a crystalline polyester resin is used, permittivity (ε/1 MHz) of the crystalline polyester resin is preferably in a range from 2.8 to 4.1, dielectric power factor (tan δ/1 MHz) of the crystalline polyester resin is preferably in a range from 0.005 to 0.026, and loss factor of the crystalline polyester resin is preferably in a range from 0.0168 and 0.11.

(16) Melting Point Or Softening Point

(17) The melting point or softening point of the A component is preferably in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.

(18) Specifically, the A component as a crystalline resin, whose melting point (i.e. a temperature at which a crystalline portion is melted) measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) or the like is defined within a predetermined range, can achieve a good balance between heat resistance in a use environment and the like and weldability during the dielectric heating.

(19) More specifically, the melting point may be determined using a differential scanning calorimeter by: raising a temperature of 10 mg measurement sample (first thermoplastic resin) to 250 degrees C.; cooling the measurement sample to 25 degrees C. at a temperature-decrease rate of 10 degrees C./min to crystallize the measurement sample; again heating the measurement sample at a temperature-increase rate of 10 degrees C./min to re-melt the sample; and measuring a peak temperature of a melting peak observed on a DSC chart (fusion curve) when the sample is re-melted.

(20) The A component as an amorphous resin, whose softening point (glass transition point) (i.e. a temperature at which an amorphous portion is melted) measured in accordance with a ring-and-ball method or the like is defined within a predetermined range, can also achieve a good balance between heat resistance and weldability during the dielectric heating.

(21) More specifically, the softening point of the A component can be measured in accordance with JIS K 6863 (1994).

(22) In either case, when the melting point or the softening point of the A component falls below 80 degrees C., the heat resistance may become so insufficient that the applicable range may be excessively limited and/or mechanical strength may be significantly reduced.

(23) In contrast, when the melting point or the softening point of the A component exceeds 200 degrees C., welding through the dielectric heating may take excessively long time and/or the bonding strength may be excessively decreased.

(24) The melting point or softening point of the first thermoplastic resin of the A component is thus more preferably in a range from 100 to 190 degrees C., further preferably from 130 to 180 degrees C.

(25) It should be noted that, though below-described melting point or softening point of the dielectric welding film are preferably in the same range as that of the A component, the above melting point or the softening point is specific to the A component.

(26) Average Molecular Weight

(27) An average molecular weight (weight average molecular weight) of the A component is usually preferably in a range from 5000 to 300000.

(28) This is because, when the weight average molecular weight of the A component falls below 5000, the heat resistance and/or the adhesion strength may be significantly reduced.

(29) Meanwhile, when the weight average molecular weight of the A component exceeds 300000, the weldability and the like in the dielectric heating may be significantly reduced.

(30) The weight average molecular weight of the A component is thus more preferably in a range from 10000 to 200000, further preferably from 30000 to 100000.

(31) It should be noted that the weight average molecular weight of the A component can be measured through, for instance, intrinsic viscosity method or gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in accordance with JIS K 7367-3 (1999).

(32) Melt Flow Rate

(33) The melt flow rate (MFR) of the A component is usually preferably in a range from 1 to 300 g/10 min at 230 degrees C. under 2.16 kg load, though depending on the weight average molecular weight.

(34) When the MFR is 1 g/10 min or more, the heat resistance at the adhered portion is relatively improved.

(35) In contrast, with the MFR of 300 g/10 min or less, the adhesion time through the dielectric heating can be reduced and stable adhesiveness can be obtained.

(36) The MFR is thus more preferably in a range from 1 to 100 g/10 min, further preferably from 1 to 50 g/10 min.

(37) It should be noted that the MFR can be measured in accordance with JIS K 7210-1 (2014) at 230 degrees C. under 2.16 kg load.

(38) (2) B Component

(39) Type

(40) The type of the dielectric filler is not limited as long as the dielectric filler is a high-frequency wave absorbing filler having a high dielectric loss factor enough to generate heat when a high-frequency wave of, for instance, 28 MHz or 40 MHz frequency is applied.

(41) The dielectric filler preferably is a single one of or a combination of two or more of compounds selected from zinc oxide, silicon carbide (SiC), anatase-type titanium oxide, barium titanate, barium zirconate titanate, lead titanate, potassium niobate, rutile-type titanium oxide, hydrated aluminum silicate, inorganic substance having crystallization water such as hydrated aluminosilicate salt of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, and the like.

(42) Among the above, zinc oxide and silicon carbide, which include various types, provide a wide selection of shapes and sizes, allow modification of welding and mechanical properties of the dielectric welding film depending on the intended use, and are capable of generating a lot of heat in a relatively small amount, are especially preferable as the dielectric filler.

(43) Content

(44) The content of the B component is preferably in a range from 5 to 800 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the A component.

(45) This is because, when the content of the B component becomes excessively small, heat-generating performance may become poor, so that the A component may be less likely to be melted, failing to provide strong welding after the dielectric heating.

(46) In contrast, excessively large content of the B component may excessively lower fluidity of the dielectric welding film during the dielectric heating.

(47) The content of the B component is thus preferably in a range from 30 to 600 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the A component, more preferably in a range from 50 to 300 parts by mass.

(48) Mean Particle Size

(49) A mean particle size (median diameter: D50) of the B component measured in accordance with JIS Z 8819-2 (2001) is preferably in a range from 0.1 to 30 μm.

(50) This is because, when the mean particle size is less than 0.1 μm, polarizable distance inside the filler is reduced so that the filler is less polarized, though depending on the type of the filler. Inversion motion caused when high-frequency wave is applied is thus attenuated to cause excessive decrease in the dielectric heating performance, possibly making it difficult to achieve tight adhesion between adherends.

(51) In contrast, as the mean particle size increases, the filler is more polarized because of the increase in the polarizable distance inside the filler, so that the inversion motion caused when a high-frequency wave is applied is intensified, thereby improving the dielectric heating performance.

(52) However, when the mean particle size exceeds 30 μm, the distance between neighboring dielectric fillers becomes short and the inversion motion caused when a high-frequency wave is applied is attenuated due to electric charge of the neighboring dielectric fillers, so that the dielectric heating performance may be excessively reduced and the adherends may be less tightly welded.

(53) The mean particle size of the B component is thus more preferably in a range from 1 to 30 μm, further preferably from 2 to 25 μm, most preferably from 3 to 20 μm.

(54) (3) Additive

(55) The dielectric welding film is preferably added with at least one of additives such as tackifier, plasticizer, wax, coloring agent, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, antibacterial agent, coupling agent, viscosity modifier, and organic or inorganic filler other than the dielectric filler.

(56) The tackifier and the plasticizer can improve melting and welding properties of the dielectric welding film. Examples of the tackifier include rosin derivative, polyterpene resin, aromatic modified terpene resin and hydrogenated products thereof, terpene phenol resin, coumarone-indene resin, aliphatic petroleum resin, and aromatic petroleum resin and hydrogenated products thereof.

(57) Examples of the plasticizer include petroleum process oil such as paraffin process oil, naphthene process oil and aromatic process oil, natural oil such as castor oil and tall oil, and low-molecular-weight liquid polymer such as diacid dialkyl (e.g. dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, and dibutyl adipate), liquid polybutene and liquid polyisoprene.

(58) When the additive is added, the content of the additive is typically preferably in a range from 0.1 to 20 mass % of a total amount of the dielectric welding film, more preferably in a range from 1 to 10 mass %, further preferably in a range from 2 to 5 mass %, though depending on the type and purpose of the additive.

(59) 2 Dielectric Welding Film

(60) (1) Thickness The thickness of the dielectric welding film is typically preferably in a range from 10 to 2000 μm.

(61) This is because, when the thickness of the dielectric welding film is 10 μm, the adhesion strength between the adherends sometimes rapidly decreases.

(62) On the other hand, when the thickness of the dielectric welding film exceeds 2000 μm, it is sometimes difficult to wind the dielectric welding film into a roll and to apply the dielectric welding film to a roll-to-roll process.

(63) Accordingly, the thickness of the dielectric welding film is typically more preferably in a range from 100 to 1000 μm, further preferably in a range from 200 to 600 μm, though depending on the usage of the dielectric welding film and the like.

(64) (2) Dielectric Property (tan δ/ε′)

(65) The dissipation factor (tan δ) and permittivity (ε′) as the dielectric property of the dielectric welding film, which may be measured in accordance with JIS C 2138:2007, can be easily and accurately measured in accordance with impedance material method.

(66) The dielectric property (tan δ/ε′), which is obtained by dividing dissipation factor (tan δ) measured with an impedance material analyzer or the like by permittivity (ε′) measured in the same manner, is preferably 0.005 or more.

(67) This is because, when the dielectric property is less than 0.005, the dielectric welding film does not generate heat as desired through the dielectric heating irrespective of the type of the A component and the like, sometimes making it difficult to tightly adhere the adherends.

(68) However, when the value of the dielectric property becomes excessively large, it sometimes occurs that the types of usable A component and dielectric filler are excessively limited and/or total light transmissivity is rapidly reduced.

(69) Accordingly, the dielectric property of the dielectric welding film is more preferably in a range from 0.008 to 0.05, further preferably in a range from 0.01 to 0.03.

(70) The measurement method of the dielectric property of the dielectric welding film will be detailed below in later-described Example 1.

(71) (3) Total Light Transmissivity

(72) Total light transmissivity of the dielectric welding film is preferably 1% or more.

(73) This is because, when the total light transmissivity (%) is less than 1%, it may become virtually difficult to locate the dielectric welding film (of an excessive thickness) at a predetermined point through visual check.

(74) Though the upper limit of the total light transmissivity of the dielectric welding film is not specifically limited, excessively large total light transmissivity may excessively restrict the types of the usable A component or B component.

(75) Accordingly, the total light transmissivity of the dielectric welding film is more preferably in a range from 5 to 99%, further preferably in a range from 10 to 95%.

(76) It should be noted that the total light transmissivity has been found to be usually approximately 50% when a suitable polyolefin resin (the A component) and suitable dielectric filler (the B component) are blended at a suitable ratio (approximately 100 parts by weight:156 parts by weight).

(77) The measurement method of the total light transmissivity (%) of the dielectric welding film will be detailed below in later-described Example 1.

(78) (4) Melting Point or Softening Point

(79) The melting point or softening point of the dielectric welding film is in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.

(80) As described above, the melting point or softening point of the dielectric welding film can be measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) or the like in the same manner as that of the A component.

(81) When the melting point or the softening point of the dielectric welding film falls below 80 degrees C., high-temperature creep resistance is sometimes significantly reduced due to insufficient heat resistance, impairing preservation stability of the welded adherend.

(82) Meanwhile, when the melting point or the softening point of the dielectric welding film exceeds 200 degrees C., welding through the dielectric heating may take an excessively long time and/or the adhesion strength may rather be excessively decreased.

(83) The melting point or softening point of the dielectric welding film is thus more preferably in a range from 100 to 190 degrees C., further preferably from 130 to 180 degrees C.

(84) (5) Heat of Fusion

(85) The heat of fusion measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) is in a range from 1 to 80 J/g.

(86) This is because the dielectric welding film having the above heat of fusion can achieve an favorable balance between heat resistance in a use environment or the like and weldability during the dielectric heating.

(87) More specifically, when the heat of fusion is less than 1 J/g, the high-frequency weldability, the adhesivity (tensile shear force), and the high-temperature creep resistance may be significantly reduced due to insufficient heat resistance.

(88) Meanwhile, when the heat of fusion exceeds 80 J/g, welding through the dielectric heating may take an excessively long time and/or the resultant adhesivity (tensile shear force) may be excessively decreased.

(89) The heat of fusion is thus more preferably in a range from 5 to 70 J/g, further preferably from 10 to 60 J/g.

(90) It should be noted that, when a plurality of the melting peaks are present in the resultant DSC chart depending on the content of the additive and the like, the heat of fusion of the dielectric welding film can be calculated based on a sum of the plurality of melting peaks.

(91) (6) Viscoelastic Property

(92) With regard to viscoelastic property (dynamic elastic modulus) of the dielectric welding film, it is preferable that storage modulus (E′) measured at 10 Hz frequency is in a range from 1×10.sup.6 to 1×10.sup.10 Pa both at a room temperature and at 80 degrees C.

(93) This is because, when the storage modulus is less than 1×10.sup.6 Pa at a room temperature or at 80 degrees C., the surface of the dielectric welding film may become tacky to cause blocking, which makes it difficult to store the dielectric welding film in a roll.

(94) On the other hand, when the storage modulus exceeds 1×10.sup.10 Pa at a room temperature or at 80 degrees C., the dielectric welding film may become brittle to make it difficult to unroll the dielectric welding film or adhere the dielectric welding film on an adherend while applying a high tension.

Second Exemplary Embodiment

(95) A welding method according to a second exemplary embodiment uses a dielectric welding film for welding a pair of adherends of the same material or different materials through dielectric heating, the dielectric welding film including a thermoplastic resin as the A component and a dielectric filler as the B component and satisfying the conditions (i) and (ii) below: (i) a melting point or softening point measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) being in a range from 80 to 200 degrees C.; and (ii) heat of fusion measured in accordance with JIS K 7121 (1987) being in a range from 1 to 80 J/g, the method including the following steps (1) and (2) of: (1) holding the dielectric welding film between a pair of adherends; and (2) applying the dielectric heating on the dielectric welding film held between the pair of adherends with a dielectric heater at a high-frequency output ranging from 0.1 to 20 kW and a high-frequency wave application time of 1 second or more and less than 40 seconds.

(96) The welding method of the dielectric welding film according to the second exemplary embodiment will be described below mainly on features different from those in the first exemplary embodiment.

(97) 1. Step (1)

(98) In the step (1), the dielectric welding film is disposed at a predetermined position, where the dielectric welding film is held between the plurality of adherends of the same material or different materials.

(99) At this time, it is usually preferable to hold the dielectric welding film between the plurality of adherends after the dielectric welding film is cut into piece(s) of a predetermined shape.

(100) Moreover, it is also preferable, in order to locate the dielectric welding film at a correct position without position gap, to provide a sticky portion all over or on a part of one side or both sides of the dielectric welding film, and/or to provide a temporary fixing hole or projection on a part of the dielectric welding film.

(101) The material of the adherend used in the second exemplary embodiment is not specifically limited but may be any one of an organic material, an inorganic material or metal material or a composite of the organic, inorganic and metal materials. Examples of the organic material include a plastic material such as polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), polycarbonate resin, polyamide resin (e.g. Nylon 6, Nylon 66), polybutylene terephthalate resin (PBT resin), polyacetal resin (POM resin), polymethyl methacrylate resin and polystyrene resin, and a rubber material such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) and silicone rubber. Examples of the organic material include glass.

(102) A fiber-reinforced resin (FRP), which is a composite of glass fiber and the above plastic material, is also preferable as the material of the adherend.

(103) 2. Step (2)

(104) In the step (2), dielectric heating is applied on the dielectric welding film held between the plurality of adherends with a dielectric heater, for instance, at a high-frequency output ranging from 0.1 to 20 kW and a high-frequency wave application time of 1 second or more and less than 40 seconds as shown in FIG. 1.

(105) The dielectric welding machine used in the step (2) and dielectric heating conditions thereof will be described below.

(106) (1) Dielectric Welding Machine

(107) As shown in FIG. 1, a dielectric welding machine 10 performs dielectric heating through a dielectric welding film 13 held between a first adherend 12 and a second adherend 14 and applies pressure by a first high-frequency electrode 16 and a second high-frequency electrode 18 to adhere the first adherend 12 and the second adherend 14.

(108) The dielectric welding machine 10 includes a high-frequency power source 20 configured to apply a high-frequency wave of approximately 28 MHz or 40 MHz frequency to each of the oppositely disposed first high-frequency electrode 16 and second high-frequency electrode 18.

(109) When a high-frequency electric field is created between the electrodes, high-frequency wave energy is absorbed by the dielectric welding film (more specifically, dielectric heating medium uniformly dispersed in the dielectric welding film) at a part at which the first adherend and the second adherend are overlapped.

(110) The dielectric heating medium serves as a heat source, the heat generated by the dielectric heating medium melting the olefin resin (i.e. the main component of the dielectric welding film) and thereby welding the first adherend and the second adherend.

(111) Subsequently, compression force is applied by the first high-frequency electrode 16 and the second high-frequency electrode 18 serving also as a press machine as shown in FIG. 5. The melting of the dielectric welding film 13 in combination with the compression force applied by the electrodes 16 and 18 achieves tight adhesion of the first adherend 12 and the second adherend 14.

(112) (2) Dielectric Heating Conditions

(113) Though the dielectric welding conditions can be altered as desired, the high-frequency output is usually preferably in a range from 0.1 to 20 kW, more preferably in a range from 0.2 to 10 kW, further preferably in a range from 0.2 to 5 kW.

(114) The application time of the high-frequency wave is preferably 1 second or more and less than 40 seconds, more preferably in a range from 5 to 30 seconds, further preferably in a range from 10 to 20 seconds.

(115) The frequency of the high-frequency wave is preferably in a range from 1 to 100 MHz, more preferably in a range from 5 to 80 MHz, further preferably in a range from 10 to 50 MHz. Specifically, 13.56 MHz, 27.12 MHz, and 40.68 MHz of ISM band allocated by the International Telecommunication Union are used in the dielectric welding method according to the second exemplary embodiment.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

(116) 1. Preparation of Dielectric Welding Film

(117) 100 parts by mass of a random polypropylene resin as the A component (Prime Polypro F-744NP manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., melting point: 130 degrees C., referred to as A1-1 in Table 1) and 156 parts by mass of zinc oxide (LPZINC11 manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., mean particle size: 11 μm, referred to as B1 in Table 1) were weighed and each put into a vessel.

(118) Subsequently, as shown in Table 1, the A component and B component were preliminarily blended and then were fed into a hopper of a biaxial extruder of 30 mm diameter, where the components were melted and kneaded at a cylinder set temperature in a range from 180 to 200 degrees C. and a die temperature of 200 degrees C. to obtain granular pellets.

(119) Then, the obtained granular pellets were put into a hopper of a uniaxial extruder provided with a T-die, and a 400-μm thick film-shaped molten kneaded product was extruded from the T-die at a cylinder temperature of 200 degrees C. and a die temperature of 200 degrees C., and cooled to a room temperature to obtain the dielectric welding film of Example 1.

(120) A surface of the dielectric welding film and a cross section of the dielectric welding film are shown in photographs (150× magnification) in FIGS. 2A and 2B respectively.

(121) 2 Evaluation of Dielectric Welding Film

(122) (1) Average Thickness

(123) Thicknesses of the dielectric welding film cut into a predetermined size were measured at 10 spots with a micrometer and an average of the thicknesses was calculated to obtain an average thickness (sometimes simply referred to as “thickness” hereinafter) of the dielectric welding film.

(124) (2) Heat of Fusion

(125) A DSC chart (fusion curve) of the dielectric welding film was obtained using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) (Q2000 manufactured by TA Instruments), and the heat of fusion of the A1 component was calculated based on a predetermined area corresponding to the melting peak of the DSC chart.

(126) (3) Melting Point or Softening Point

(127) Melting point of the dielectric welding film was measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) (Q2000 manufactured by TA Instruments).

(128) More specifically, the melting point was determined by: raising a temperature of 10-mg measurement sample (dielectric welding film) to 250 degrees C.; cooling the measurement sample to 25 degrees C. at a temperature-decrease rate of 10 degrees C./min to crystallize the measurement sample; again heating the measurement sample at a temperature-increase rate of 10 degrees C./min to re-melt the sample; and measuring a peak temperature of a melting peak observed on a DSC chart (fusion curve) when the sample was re-melted.

(129) (4) Dielectric Property (tan δ/ε′)

(130) With an impedance material analyzer E4991 (manufactured by Agilent Technologies, Inc.), the permittivity (ε′) and dissipation factor (tan δ) of the dielectric welding film cut into a predetermined size were measured at 23 degrees C. and 40 MHz frequency to calculate the value of the dielectric property (tan δ/ε′).

(131) (5) Total Light Transmissivity

(132) The total light transmissivity of the dielectric welding film cut into a predetermined size was measured in accordance with JIS K 7361-1 (1997) with a haze meter NDH5000 manufactured by NIPPON DENSHOKU INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. under Illuminant D65.

(133) (6) High-Frequency Weldability

(134) A dielectric welding film (welding film) cut into a predetermined size was held at a predetermined position between two glass-reinforced polypropylene plates (25 cm×10 cm×1.5 mm) as adherends.

(135) Subsequently, while the plates were held between electrodes of a high-frequency dielectric heater (YRP-400T-A manufactured by YAMAMOTO VINITA CO., LTD), a high-frequency wave of 40 MHz frequency and 200 W output was applied for a predetermined time to prepare a test piece (i.e. adherends welded through the welding film).

(136) High-frequency weldability of the obtained test piece was evaluated in accordance with the criteria below. : The adherends were welded through the welding film by applying the high-frequency wave for less than 10 seconds. ◯: The adherends were welded through the welding film by applying the high-frequency wave for a time period of 10 seconds or more and less than 40 seconds. Δ: The adherends were welded through the welding film by applying the high-frequency wave for a time period of 40 seconds or more and less than 60 seconds. x: The adherends were not welded through the welding film even after applying the high-frequency wave for 60 seconds.
(7) Tensile Shear Test

(137) With a universal tensile tester (Instron 5581 manufactured by Instron Corporation), a tensile shear force of the test piece obtained in the evaluation in “(6) High-Frequency Weldability” was measured at a tension rate of 100 mm/min, and was observed in terms of destroy mode. : Material failure or cohesive failure occurred and the tensile shear strength was 6 MPa or more. ◯: Material failure or cohesive failure occurred and the tensile shear strength was 2 MPa or more and less than 6 MPa. Δ: Interfacial peeling occurred and the tensile shear strength was less than 2 MPa. x: The test piece was not welded in the evaluation of the high-frequency weldability, or the weld could not be kept until the test (i.e. adherend was dropped off), so that the tensile shear test was not available.
(8) High-Temperature Creep Test

(138) After a 100-gram weight was attached to an end of the test piece obtained in the above evaluation of “(6) High-Frequency Weldability,” the test piece was placed in an oven at 80 degrees C. with the weight being suspended therefrom, and was left still for 24 hours.

(139) Lastly, the test piece, after taken out of the oven and returned to a room temperature, was evaluated in terms of the high-temperature creep in accordance with the criteria below. : The weight was kept attached after the elapse of 24 hours. ◯: Though kept attached until an elapse of 12 hours, the weight was dropped off after the elapse of 24 hours. Δ: The weight was dropped off at or within 12 hours. x: The test piece was not welded in the evaluation of the high-frequency weldability, or the weld could not be kept until the test (i.e. the adherend was dropped off), so that the high-temperature creep test was not available.

Example 2

(140) In Example 2, the dielectric welding film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the A component was changed to an olefin thermoplastic elastomer (ESPOLEX TPE-4675 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., melting point: 160 degrees C., referred to as A-2 in Table 1).

Example 3

(141) In Example 3, the dielectric welding film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the A component was changed to a styrene thermoplastic elastomer (ESPOLEX SB-2400 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., melting point: 162 degrees C., referred to as A-3 in Table 1).

Example 4

(142) In Example 4, the dielectric welding film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the A component was changed to a combination of 70 parts by mass of A-1 used in Example 1 and 30 parts by mass of a maleic anhydride modified polypropylene (UMEX 1001, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., melting point: 142 degrees C., referred to as A-4 in Table 1).

Example 5

(143) In Example 5, the dielectric welding film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the A component was changed to an ethylene-(meth)acrylate copolymer (Nucrel 410 manufactured by DUPONT-MITSUI POLYCHEMICALS CO., LTD., melting point: 98 degrees C., referred to as A-5 in Table 1).

Example 6

(144) The dielectric welding film of Example 6 was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the B component was changed to 156 parts by mass of zinc oxide (LPZINC2 manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., mean particle size: 2 μm, specific weight: 5.6, referred to as B-2 in Table 1).

Example 7

(145) The dielectric welding film of Example 7 was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the B component was changed to 156 parts by mass of silicon carbide (GMF15 manufactured by Pacific Rundum Co., Ltd., mean particle size: 0.5 μm, specific weight: 5.6, referred to as B-3 in Table 1).

Example 8

(146) The dielectric welding film of Example 8 was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of a crystalline polyester resin (Vylon GM-915 manufactured by TOYOBO CO., LTD., melting point: 139 degrees C., weight average molecular weight: 45000, referred to as A-6 in Table 1) was used as the A component and the adherends were changed to a combination of a glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene plate and an ABS plate (both 15 cm×10 cm×1.5 mm).

Example 9

(147) The dielectric welding film of Example 9 was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of a crystalline polyester resin (Vylon GM-920 manufactured by TOYOBO CO., LTD., melting point: 107 degrees C., weight average molecular weight: 30000, referred to as A-7 in Table 1) was used as the A component, 156 parts by mass of zinc oxide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd., mean particle size 0.4 μm, specific weight: 5.6, referred to as B-4 in Table 1) was used as the B component, and the adherends were changed to a combination of a glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene plate and an ABS plate (both 15 cm×10 cm×1.5 mm).

Example 10

(148) In Example 10, a dielectric welding film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the content of the B-1 used in Example 1 was changed to 267 parts by mass.

Example 11

(149) In Example 11, a dielectric welding film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the content of the B-1 used in Example 1 was changed to 67 parts by mass.

Comparative 1

(150) In Comparative 1, the dielectric welding film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the A component was changed to 100 parts by mass of homopolypropylene (NOVATEC PPMH4 manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation, melting point: 165 degrees C., MFR: 5 g/10 min, referred to as A-8 in Table 1), and the B component was changed to 156 parts by mass of zinc oxide B4 used in Example 9.

Comparative 2

(151) The dielectric welding film of Comparative 2 was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of random polypropylene (A1) was solely used and no B component was blended.

Comparative 3

(152) In Comparative 3, the dielectric welding film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as that of Example 1 except that the A component was changed to 100 parts by mass of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (EXCELLEN FX352 manufactured by SUMITOMO CHEMICAL Co., Ltd., melting point: 70 degrees C., MFR: 4 g/10 min, referred to as A1-9 in Table 1), and the B component was changed to 156 parts by mass of zinc oxide B4 used in Example 9.

(153) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Resin (A) Random polypropylene (A-1) 100 70 100 100 Composition Component Olefin thermoplastic 100 (parts by elastomer (A-2) weight) styrene thermoplastic 100 elastomer (A-3) Maleic anhydride modified 30 polyproplylene (A-4) Ethylene-(meth)acrylate 100 copolymer (A-5) Crystalline polyester resin 100 (A-6) Crystalline polyester resin (A-7) Homo polypropylene (A-8) Ethylene/α-olefin copolymer (A-9) (B) 11-μm zinc oxide(B-1) 156 156 156 156 156 156 Component 2-μm zinc oxide (B-2) 156 0.4-μm zinc oxide (B-3) 0.5-μm silicon carbide (B-4) 152 Properties/test (1)Thickness (μm) 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 results of (2) Heat of fusion (J/g) 60 8 10 51 20 80 59 7 welding film (3) Melting point/softening 130 158 162 130 100 130 133 139 point (° C.) (4) Dielectric property (tanδ/∈′) 0.016 0.017 0.018 0.015 0.017 0.039 0.003 0.017 (5) Total light transmissivity (%) 24 20 20 18 23 13 5 21 (6) High-frequency weldability ◯ ⊚ ⊚ ◯ ⊚ ◯ Δ ⊚ (7) Tensile shear test ⊚ ◯ ◯ ⊚ ◯ ⊚ ◯ ◯ (8) High-temperature creep ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ resistance Example Comparative 9 10 11 1 2 3 Resin (A) Random polypropylene (A-1) 100 100 100 Composition Component Olefin thermoplastic (parts by elastomer (A-2) weight) styrene thermoplastic elastomer (A-3) Maleic anhydride modified polyproplylene (A-4) Ethylene-(meth)acrylate copolymer (A-5) Crystalline polyester resin (A-6) Crystalline polyester resin 100 (A-7) Homo polypropylene (A-8) 100 Ethylene/α-olefin copolymer 100 (A-9) (B) 11-μm zinc oxide(B-1) 287 69 Component 2-μm zinc oxide (B-2) 0.4-μm zinc oxide (B-3) 156 156 156 0.5-μm silicon carbide (B-4) Properties/test (1)Thickness (μm) 400 400 400 400 400 400 results of (2) Heat of fusion (J/g) 4 58 60 101 80  10 welding film (3) Melting point/softening 99 130 130 185 130  70 point (° C.) (4) Dielectric property (tanδ/∈′) 0021 0.027 0008     0.004 0.001     0.012 (5) Total light transmissivity (%) 20 18 29   1> 87   1> (6) High-frequency weldability ◯ ◯ ◯ X X ◯ (7) Tensile shear test ◯ ⊚ ⊚ X X ◯ (8) High-temperature creep ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ X X X resistance

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

(154) The dielectric welding film or the like of the invention, which has a predetermined melting point or softening point and heat of fusion regulated within a predetermined range, is capable of providing tight adhesivity to a variety of adherends through a short period of dielectric heating.

(155) A predetermined transparency (total light transmissivity) of the dielectric welding film of the invention can also be ensured. Accordingly, the dielectric welding film can be placed onto a desired portion on an adherend without using any positioning member.

(156) According to the welding method with the use of the dielectric welding film of the invention, a predetermined position can be locally heated by a dielectric heater from an outside. Thus, the welding method is very effective in adhering adherends of a large-sized and complicated three-dimensional structure or a thick complicated three-dimensional structure with high dimensional accuracy.

(157) Further, the dielectric welding film or the like of the invention allows appropriate control of the thickness and storage modulus of the welding film and the like, and thus is applicable to a roll-to-roll process. Moreover, the dielectric welding film or the like can be designed into any size and shape by punching or the like depending on the adhesion area and shape between the plurality of adherends, providing great advantage in the production process.