Device and method for forming food products

Abstract

The invention relates to a forming device for forming and partitioning a pasty food strand as well as to a filling machine with a respective forming device and to a method. The forming device comprises more than two flat displacement elements superposed in the direction of transport of the food strand, each having at least one opening through which the food strand can be moved in the direction of transport. The forming device further comprises a movement mechanism for moving the flat displacement elements on respective curved paths, such that the respective openings can move relative to each other, so that the cross-sectional area of the resulting overall opening of the superposed openings changes.

Claims

1. A forming device for forming and partitioning a pasty food strand, comprising: more than two flat displacement elements superposed in a direction of transport of said food strand, each having at least one opening through which said food strand is movable in said direction of transport, and a movement mechanism for moving said flat displacement elements on respective curved paths, such that said respective openings of said flat displacement elements are superposed and movable relative to each other so that a cross-sectional area of a resulting overall opening of said superposed openings changes, wherein said movement mechanism comprises at least one rotary member, and wherein said flat displacement elements are coupled and distributed about a circumference of said rotary member.

2. The forming device according to claim 1, wherein said movement mechanism is configured such that said flat displacement elements are movable to a severing position in which said openings are aligned to each other such that no overall opening exists and are movable to an open position in which the cross-sectional area of said overall opening has a predetermined maximum cross-section.

3. The forming device according to claim 2, wherein during a motion of a total number, n, of the flat displacement elements from said open position to said severing position, edges of said openings defining said overall opening move from n sides in a direction toward a center M of said overall opening and during the motion of the n flat displacement elements from said severing position to said open position, said edges of said openings can move toward the n sides away from said center M.

4. The forming device according to claim 1, wherein said openings have an enclosed circumference and/or are formed round or oval or at least have curved sections.

5. The forming device according to claim 1, wherein said respective flat displacement elements each comprise multiple adjacently disposed openings for multiple food strands.

6. The forming device according to claim 1, wherein said flat displacement elements are, at their two oppositely disposed end portions, rotatably mounted on a respective rotary member.

7. The forming device according to claim 1, wherein said at least one rotary member is driven.

8. The forming device according to claim 7, wherein said at least one rotary member is driven in two directions of rotation and/or multiple rotary members are driven.

9. The forming device according to claim 1, wherein said movement mechanism comprises multiple rotary members on one side, where at most one flat displacement element is respectively coupled on its end portion at a front or rear side of said rotary members and is at its other end portion guided on a respective path.

10. The forming device according to claim 1, wherein coupling points of said flat displacement elements on said rotary member exhibit varying distances to a central axis of said rotary member.

11. The forming device according to claim 1, wherein said forming device further comprises a controller which controls said movement mechanism, including a position of said flat displacement elements in dependence of time and an extrusion speed of said food strand.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

(1) The invention shall be explained below in more detail with reference to the following figures.

(2) FIG. 1 very schematically shows a side view of a filling machine with a forming device according to the present invention.

(3) FIG. 2 very schematically shows a plan view onto a filling flow divider with a forming a device.

(4) FIG. 3 very schematically shows a side view onto a forming device with three flat displacement elements.

(5) FIGS. 4A-4F show the movement of the displacement elements on their curved path from an open position to a severing position.

(6) FIG. 5 shows a side view onto a forming device according to the present invention with four displacement elements.

(7) FIGS. 6A-6F very schematically show the movement of the displacement elements from an open position to a severing position.

(8) FIG. 7 shows a cross-section through a forming device with four displacement elements according to an embodiment.

(9) FIG. 8 shows a cross-section through a forming device according to a further embodiment.

(10) FIG. 9 shows a formed product according to prior art.

(11) FIG. 10 shows a formed product that was produced with a forming device according to the present invention.

(12) FIG. 11 is a flow chart of an example method according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(13) FIGS. 1-10 show the relative positioning of various components of the forming device. If shown directly contacting each other, or directly coupled, then such components may be referred to as directly contacting or directly coupled, respectively, at least in one example. Similarly, components shown contiguous or adjacent to one another may be contiguous or adjacent to each other, respectively, at least in one example. As an example, components lying in face-sharing contact with each other may be referred to as in face-sharing contact or physically contacting one another. As another example, elements positioned apart from each other with only a space there-between and no other components may be referred to as such, in at least one example.

(14) As yet another example, elements shown above/below one another, at opposite sides to one another, or to the left/right of one another may be referred to as such, relative to one another. Further, as shown in the figures, a topmost element or point of element may be referred to as a top of the component and a bottommost element or point of the element may be referred to as a bottom of the component, in at least one example. As used herein, top/bottom, upper/lower, above/below, may be relative to a vertical axis of the figures and used to describe positioning of elements of the figures relative to one another. As such, elements shown above other elements are positioned vertically above the other elements, in one example. As yet another example, shapes of the elements depicted within the figures may be referred to as having those shapes (e.g., such as being circular, straight, planar, curved, rounded, chamfered, angled, or the like). Further, elements shown intersecting one another may be referred to as intersecting elements or intersecting one another, in at least one example. Further still, an element shown within another element or shown outside of another element may be referred as such, in one example.

(15) FIG. 1 very schematically shows a side view of a filling machine 10 according to the present invention. Filling machine 10 comprises a hopper 13 for receiving pasty mass, i.e. pasty foods, such as sausage meat or potato mass etc. The pasty food can be raised, for example, via sausage meat carriage 20 and a respective lifting device and be dumped into hopper 13. A not specifically shown conveyor is located below hopper 13, in particular a vane pump that pushes the pasty food into a filling member 15. Filling member 15 can comprise, for example, a stuffing tube from which the food is extruded. The filling member can, as is apparent in particular from FIG. 2, comprise a filling flow divider 16 which divides the filling flow and extrudes it in parallel from multiple extrusion openings 8. The filling machine further comprises a controller 11 and a display 21.

(16) In order to form the extruded food strand, a forming device 1 is provided according to the invention and is disposed, as is apparent in particular from FIG. 2, close to extrusion openings 8 of the filling flow divider or to extrusion opening 8 of the stuffing tube.

(17) The forming device comprises at least three displacement elements 2a, b, c that are in the direction of transport T of the food strand located above each other, as is apparent, for example, from FIG. 3 showing a forming device with three flat displacement elements, presently: three flat displacement plates. Respective displacement elements 2a, b, c each comprise at least one opening 3a, b, c, d. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, respective displacement elements 2a, b, c comprise a total of eight openings 3a, b, c, which are each disposed beside each other on the respective displacement elements.

(18) Forming device 1 further comprises a movement mechanism 6 for moving flat displacement elements 2a, b, c on respective curved paths, such that respective openings 3a, b, c can move relative to each other, so that the cross-sectional area of the resulting overall opening 4 of superposed openings 3a, b, c changes. Movement mechanism 6 in this embodiment comprises, for example, a rotary member, presently a rotatable disk 9, on the side surfaces of which flat displacement elements 2a, b, c are rotatably mounted to coupling points 12a, b, c, for example, with one bolt each. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, flat displacement elements 2a, b, c are rotatably mounted at a second rotary member, presently: rotary disk, at their oppositely disposed ends likewise at respective coupling points, for example by use of bolts. The displacement elements are there arranged distributed uniformly around the circumference of rotary member 9, i.e. presently e.g. each at a spacing of 120.

(19) At least one of the rotary members, presently: e.g., rotary member 9 shown at the left in FIG. 3, is in this embodiment driven, for example, by a motor, not shown, in particular a servomotor. The rotary member arranged on the other side of displacement elements 2a, b, c then only serves guiding purposes. A respective curve guide etc. could also be provided instead of this rotary member.

(20) FIG. 4A for reasons of simplicity shows only a partial region of the forming device with displacement elements 2a, b, c, d in an open position O, in which the cross-sectional area of overall opening 4 has a predetermined maximum cross-section. In this particular embodiment, individual openings 3a, b, c of displacement elements 2a, b, c are thereby completely superposed. Center M of resulting overall opening 4 and center M of extrusion opening 8 of the extrusion member are in alignment with each other. The maximum overall opening 4 there has a cross-sectional area which corresponds approximately to the cross-sectional area of the supplied food strand 5 or of extrusion opening 8 creating the food strand. Back-up of the food strand can thereby be prevented. The food strand can be extruded through extrusion opening 8 through overall opening 4. The displacement element facing extrusion opening 8 moves closely along the extrusion opening with so much play that the displacement element can freely slide over the opening.

(21) From the open position shown in FIG. 4A, individual displacement elements 2a, b c can move along a curved path in which rotary member 9 rotates in the direction of rotation D. FIG. 4B shows the forming device shown in FIG. 4A in which the rotary member has rotated by an angle in the direction of rotation D: presently to the left about central axis K.

(22) As can be seen in FIG. 4B, also openings 3a, b, c move along the curved path upon the movement of the displacement elements. Since displacement elements 2a, b, c are arranged distributed at the circumference, the displacing elements move on different curved paths such that openings 3a, b, c move apart and the cross-sectional area of the resulting overall opening 4 becomes smaller. Center M of the resulting overall opening is still in alignment with center M of extrusion opening 8. Respective superpositioning of openings 3a, b, c results in a rounded triangle. FIG. 4C shows the forming device shown in FIG. 4A, 4B; in which rotary member 9 has been further rotated by an angle of approximately 20 as compared to FIG. 4A. As can be seen in the comparison of FIGS. 4B and 4C, edges 7 of openings 3a, b, c defining overall opening 4 move from three sides toward center M of overall opening 4.

(23) FIG. 4D for this example shows a rotational angle of rotary member 9 of approximately 26. As is evident, displacement elements 2a, b, c, c move on respectively curved paths, such that openings 3a, b c are superposed such that the cross-sectional area of the resulting overall opening 4, i.e. the locus of intersection of the openings further decreases and edges 7 of the openings defining overall opening 4 move further toward the center M of overall opening 4. FIG. 4E shows a movement of rotary member 9 by an angle of 37. The area of overall opening 4 is there zero, i.e. openings 3a, b, c of all displacement elements have no common locus of intersection, i.e., no longer have a resulting overall opening. In this position, the food strand is severed. As shown in FIG. 4F, displacement elements 2a, b, c, d can still move beyond this position, (where edges 7 slide past each other and cut off the food product) presently: e.g. up to an angle of e.g. 45 in order to cut off the food with a clean cut. Here as well, no overall opening exists, no opening 3a, b, c intersects another opening.

(24) Flat displacement elements 2a, b, c can from positions 4e or 4f then again be moved against the direction of rotation D back to starting position A, as shown in FIG. 4A. Drive member 9 can for this be driven in two directions of rotation by use of the servo drive. Due to the above-described mounting of the displacement elements, they always remain properly in alignment, presently: horizontally, so that the respective center M of overall opening 4 is always in alignment with center M of extrusion opening 8, even if multiple strands are produced in parallel, i.e., multiple extrusion openings 8 are arranged in series.

(25) FIG. 5 shows an embodiment according to the present invention that corresponds to the embodiments shown in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4 with the exception that four displacement elements are there arranged offset by 90 from one another around the circumference of rotary member 9 in such a manner that a rectangle with rounded edges is formed as the overall opening when displacement elements 2a, b, c, d move relative to each other from an open position as shown in FIGS. 6A-6F along a curved path.

(26) FIG. 6A shows a rotational angle of =0, i.e. an open position in which, as also described in one embodiment d, the cross-sectional area has the predetermined maximum cross-section which corresponds to the maximum cross-section of the food product. FIG. 6B shows a rotational angle of about 8 and overall opening 4 reducing in size as a result thereof. FIG. 6C shows a rotational angle of about 17 and the resulting overall opening. FIG. 6D shows a rotational angle of about =26. FIG. 6E shows a rotational angle of 36 and corresponds to a severing position in which there is no longer any common locus of intersection of all openings 3a, b, c, d, i.e. no overall opening 4 and the food strand is severed. FIG. 6F shows a rotational angle of approximately 46 in which there is likewise no resulting overall opening of the superposed openings 3a, b, c, d. The two embodiments were shown in connection with three or four displacement elements. In one example, n<=6.

(27) Openings 3a, b, c, d in one embodiment comprise a closed circumference and may be configured as being round. This is particularly advantageous since the overall opening also has a round cross-section when all openings 3a, b, c, d are superposed to 100%. When moving the displacement elements on a curved path, the initially round passage opening changes into a rounded polygon, so that a nice rounded shape of the product produced can be created. However, the openings can also have a shape differing from the circular shape, in one example with rounded or curved sections.

(28) But it is also possible that coupling points 12 on the rotary member are not all disposed on the same radius, but at different distances to central axis K, whereby the shape of the products can be influenced. For example, if openings 3a, b, c, d in the displacement elements are not round but have a differing shape, then the shape can also be influenced. If unequal distances of coupling points 12 to center K of rotary member 9 are selected, then the speed can be controlled with a possibly speed-variable drive of rotary member 9 in such a manner that products of a desired shape, e.g. again round, can be produced. The arrangement and configuration of the openings there depends substantially on the desired shape. The openings, however, may be round and arranged on the same radius.

(29) FIG. 7 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 with four displacement elements which are at corresponding coupling points 12 connected to rotary member 9. Coupling points 12 are there located at the front side of rotary member 9 which is disposed opposite from filling member 15. The drive of rotary member 9, presently: the rotary member illustrated of the left in FIG. 7, moves to and fro within a certain angle , presently e.g. <90, because otherwise coupling points 12, i.e., the coupling axes, can collide with the trailing displacement elements. Since four displacement elements are in this embodiment arranged offset by 90 on rotary member 9, the rotary member can therefore move to and from by less than 90. This angular range, however, is sufficient to bring the openings from an open position O to a severing position A, as previously explained.

(30) FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of the present invention which substantially corresponds to the previous embodiments, with the exception that rotary member 9 can be rotated continuously in the direction of rotation D.

(31) For this purpose, movement mechanism 6 comprises respective multiple rotary members 9a, b, c, 9a, b, c at the oppositely disposed ends of displacement elements 2a, b, c, d. Displacement elements 2a, b, c, d are coupled to the rotary members such that only one flat displacement element at its end portion is coupled to one side (the side that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation) of a rotary member. Displacement element 2a is coupled to the upper side of rotary member 9c, displacement element 2d is coupled to the underside of rotary member 9a. At the same time, displacement element 2a is also coupled to the upper side of rotary member 9c, and displacement element 2d is coupled to the underside of rotary member 9a.

(32) Displacement element 2b is coupled to the underside of rotary member 9b as well as to the underside of rotary member 9b. Displacement element 2c is coupled to the upper side of rotary member 9b as well as to the upper side of rotary member 9b. Each displacement element is at least with one end portion disposed on a driven rotary member. For example, rotary members 9a, b, c can be driven and rotary members 9a, 9b and 9c can serve as guides. The drive of rotary member 9b is for reasons of simplicity presently not drawn in. Rotary member 9b can be moved, for example, by used of a gear drive or a belt drive.

(33) The previous embodiments have been described with three and four displacement elements. Also suitable, however, is the use of five or six displacement elements. The filling machine further comprises a controller which actuates both movement mechanism 6 as well as the conveying device for the pasty food mass 14.

(34) The control device can there be the control device for the filling machine. It is also possible, however, that the control device of the filling machine is coupled to a separate controller for movement mechanism 6.

(35) The controller there adapts the position of the individual displacement elements at a given point in time and the extrusion speed of the food to each other in dependence of a desired shape of the food product. The extrusion speed can be constant or vary, i.e. the extrusion speed, for example, decreases when the displacement elements approach a severing position A. The food strand is advantageously made available in a portioning manner, i.e. extrusion of the food strand is in the simplest case stopped completely when the displacement elements are disposed in the severing position A, i.e. at a position in which the strand can not be conveyed through an overall opening. Operation with continuous food extrusion is also possible. For example, the entire forming device can there in a certain section be designed as being co-traveling in the direction of transport T, and the extrusion member must be designed as being telescopic so that the uppermost displacement element and the extrusion opening always remain close together.

(36) The method according the present invention is explained below in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

(37) In the method according to the invention, the filling material is conveyed from hopper 3 by way of conveying device 14 into filling member 15. Filling member 15 there comprises, for example, filling flow divider 16 via which the food strand can be extruded through multiple, presently: e.g. eight extrusion openings.

(38) When producing a formed food product, the displacement elements are initially in a position in which openings 3a, b, c of displacement elements 2a, b, c, d are not superposed, such that no common overall opening 4 is given there, as shown for example in FIGS. 4F and 4E.

(39) In a respective severing position A, in which the displacement elements can be closed in a covering manner, the food strand is severed.

(40) Rotary member 9 is now rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation D by a certain angle such that, as can be seen in FIG. 4D, openings 3a, b, c are superposed in such a manner that a common locus of intersection of the opening, i.e. overall opening 4 arises, whose center M is in alignment with center M of the extrusion opening. Overall opening 4 is defined by edges 7 of the respective openings 3a, b, c. If the rotary member continues to be rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation D, then the overall cross-section of overall opening 4 increases, as shown in FIGS. 4C and 4B. Rotary member 9 continues to be rotated in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation D until the cross-sectional area of overall opening 4 has a predetermined maximum cross-section. Individual openings 3a, b, c are in this case superposed to 100% and form a circular overall opening.

(41) The food strand is during the movement of the displacement elements moved through the forming device and formed by the cross-sectional change.

(42) Starting out from the open position A in FIG. 4A, for example, rotary member 9 is then rotated in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction of rotation D such that the cross-sectional area of overall opening 4 is again reduced, as shown in FIG. 4E, until overall opening 4 no longer exists. The displacement elements are then advantageously moved a bit further in the direction of rotation D to sever or cut off the filling material flow with a clean cut, see FIG. 4F. It is in principle sufficient, however, when the displacement elements are taken to a severing position as shown in FIG. 4E. It is only essential that the cross-sectional area of the overall opening then is 0. The extrusion speed of the food strand can in a severing position be reduced as compared to the open position (FIG. 4A) or be set to 0, such that the pasty food does not accumulate when the forming device is closed.

(43) The process described above then repeats continuously. While the one end portions of the displacement elements are in this embodiment driven by drive member 9, the oppositely disposed end portions are guided, presently in one embodiment likewise by a co-traveling rotary member. In the embodiments described above, the displacement elements are moved and rotated by use of a rotary member on a curved path. However, it is also possible to move the displacement elements in a respective curved guide by use of a drive.

(44) A flow chart of an example method 1100 according to the present invention for producing a formed food product with a filling machine is shown at FIG. 11. Method 1100 includes at step 1102, actuating a movement mechanism such that more than two flat displacement elements are moved from a severing position to an open position on a curved path, where said flat displacement elements are in said severing position superposed such that no resulting overall opening of said superposed openings exists and a food strand is severed, and where a cross-sectional area of said overall opening in an open position is a predetermined maximum cross-section. At step 1104, said flat displacement elements are then again moved on a curved path from said open position to said severing position. Said openings are, for severing said food strand, superposed such that edges defining said respective openings slide past one another such that said food product is cut off, or said displacement elements are moved on the curved path only until the area of said overall opening of the displacement elements becomes zero. At step 1106, pasty food mass is moved through an extrusion opening of a filling member and through an expanding or tapering overall opening of said flat displacement elements. At step 1106, said pasty food mass may be extruded continuously or in portions from said extrusion opening, and when said displacement elements are in said severing position, a speed of said food strand relative to said flat displacement elements may in a direction of transport reduced, including reduced to 0.