Abstract
A spacer for insulation glass units, includes a polymeric hollow profile including first and second side walls arranged parallel thereto, a glazing interior wall connecting the side walls to one another; an outer wall substantially parallel to the glazing interior wall and connecting the side walls to one another; a cavity enclosed by the side walls, the glazing interior wall and the outer wall, a moisture barrier on the first side wall, the outer wall and on the second side wall of the polymeric hollow body, wherein the moisture barrier includes a first barrier layer and a directly adjacent second barrier layer which are both deposited via atomic layer deposition, the first and second barrier layers each have a thickness of at most 15 nm and are based independently of one another on a nitride, oxidic, sulfidic or fluoridic compound.
Claims
1. A spacer for insulation glass units, comprising: a polymeric hollow profile comprising a first side wall and a second side wall arranged parallel thereto, a glazing interior wall connecting the side walls to one another; an outer wall arranged substantially parallel to the glazing interior wall and connecting the first and second side walls to one another; a cavity enclosed by the first and second side walls, the glazing interior wall and the outer wall, a moisture barrier on the first side wall, the outer wall and on the second side wall of the polymeric hollow body, wherein the moisture barrier comprises a first barrier layer and a directly adjacent second barrier layer which are both deposited via atomic layer deposition, the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer each have a thickness of at most 15 nm, the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer are based independently of one another on a nitride, oxidic, sulfidic or fluoridic compound.
2. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein the first barrier layer is applied directly to the polymeric hollow profile.
3. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein the moisture barrier is attached in the form of a film to the polymeric hollow profile via an adhesive and the moisture barrier comprises at least one polymeric layer.
4. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein the moisture barrier does not comprise barrier layers based on an elemental metal.
5. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric layer comprises polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamides, polyethylene, polypropylene, oriented polypropylene, biaxially oriented polypropylene, oriented polyethylene terephthalate, biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate.
6. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric layer or all polymeric layers has/have a thickness of 5 ?m to 50 ?m.
7. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein the moisture barrier does not contain a polymeric layer made of ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH).
8. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein the moisture barrier contains at least three barrier layers.
9. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein all barrier layers are deposited via atomic layer deposition and are based independently of one another on a nitride, oxidic, sulfidic, or fluoridic compound.
10. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 8, wherein a third barrier layer and a fourth barrier layer directly adjoin one another.
11. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein a barrier layer is exposed as an outer layer on the side of the hollow profile facing away from the cavity.
12. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein a sum of thicknesses of all barrier layers is less than 50 nm.
13. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the barrier layers is less than 10 nm.
14. An insulation glass unit, at least comprising a first pane a second pane, and a spacer according to claim 1, arranged peripherally between the first pane and the second pane, wherein the first pane is attached to the first side wall by a primary sealant, the second pane is attached to the second side wall by a primary sealant, an inner pane interspace is delimited by the glazing interior wall, the first pane and the second pane, an outer pane interspace is delimited by the moisture barrier mounted on the outer wall and by the first pane and the second pane, a secondary sealant is arranged in the outer pane interspace, wherein the secondary sealant is in contact with the moisture barrier.
15. A method comprising providing an insulation glass unit according to claim 14 as a building interior glazing, building exterior glazing and/or fa?ade glazing.
16. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 3, wherein the moisture barrier comprises at least two polymeric layers.
17. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 6, wherein the polymeric layer or all polymeric layers has/have a thickness of 10 ?m to 35 ?m.
18. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 8, wherein the moisture barrier contains at least four barrier layers.
19. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 12, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of all barrier layers is less than 40 nm.
20. The spacer for insulation glass units according to claim 13, wherein the thickness of the barrier layers is between 2 nm and 8 nm.
Description
[0073] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. The drawings are purely schematic representations and are not true to scale. They do not restrict the invention in any way. In the figures:
[0074] FIG. 1 shows a perspective cross-section of a possible embodiment of a spacer according to the invention,
[0075] FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a moisture barrier of a spacer according to the invention,
[0076] FIG. 3 shows a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a moisture barrier of a spacer according to the invention,
[0077] FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a moisture barrier of a spacer according to the invention,
[0078] FIG. 5 shows a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a moisture barrier of a spacer according to the invention,
[0079] FIG. 6 shows a cross-section of a possible embodiment of a moisture barrier of a spacer according to the invention, and
[0080] FIG. 7 shows a cross-section of a possible embodiment of an insulation glass unit according to the invention.
[0081] FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through a possible spacer I according to the invention. The spacer comprises a polymeric hollow profile 1 with a first side wall 2.1, a side wall 2.2 running parallel thereto, a glazing interior wall 3, and an outer wall 5. The glazing interior wall 3 runs perpendicularly to the side walls 2.1 and 2.2 and connects the two side walls. The outer wall 5 is opposite the glazing interior wall 3 and connects the two side walls 2.1 and 2.2. The outer wall 5 runs substantially perpendicularly to the side walls 2.1 and 2.2. The portions 5.1 and 5.2 of the outer wall 5 that are closest to the side walls 2.1 and 2.2 are however inclined in the direction of the side walls 2.1 and 2.2 at an angle ? (alpha) of about 45? to the outer wall 5. The angled geometry improves the stability of the hollow profile 1 and enables better adhesive bonding with a moisture barrier 20. The hollow profile 1 is a polymeric hollow profile which consists substantially of polypropylene with 20 wt. % glass fibers. The wall thickness of the hollow profile is 1 mm. The wall thickness is substantially the same everywhere. This improves the stability of the hollow profile and simplifies production. The hollow profile 1 has, for example, a height h of 6.5 mm and a width of 15.5 mm. The outer wall 5, the glazing interior wall 3 and the two side walls 2.1 and 2.2 enclose the cavity 8. A moisture barrier 20 is arranged on the outer wall 5 and a part of the first side wall 2.1 and a part of the second side wall 2.2. The regions of the first side wall 2.1 and of the second side wall 2.2 adjoining the glazing interior wall 3 remain free of moisture barrier 20. Measured from the glazing interior wall 3, this is a strip 1.9 mm wide, which remains free. The moisture barrier 20 can, for example, be fastened to the polymeric hollow profile 1 using a polymethacrylate adhesive. Suitable moisture barriers 20 are, for example, the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 7. Alternatively, the moisture barrier 20 can also be deposited directly on the polymeric hollow profile. In this case, for example, the moisture barrier 20 shown in FIG. 3 is suitable. The moisture barrier 20 is preferably arranged on the entire side walls 2.1 and 2.2 because this can be produced particularly easily in the case of direct coating by means of atomic layer deposition. The cavity 8 can receive a desiccant 11. Perforations 12, which produce a connection to the inner pane interspace in the insulation glass unit, are formed in the glazing interior wall 3. The desiccant 11 can then absorb moisture from the inner pane interspace 15 via the perforations 12 in the glazing interior wall 3 (see FIG. 7).
[0082] FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through a moisture barrier 20 of a spacer I according to the invention. The moisture barrier 20 comprises a polymeric layer 31, a first barrier layer 21 and a second barrier layer 22. The polymeric layer 31 is a PET layer 12 ?m thick. A titanium oxide layer 21 which is 9 nm thick was then deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD), and an aluminum oxide layer 22 which is 9 nm thick was likewise deposited directly via atomic layer deposition (ALD). The two barrier layers 21 and 22 are based on different materials, which has proven to be particularly advantageous for the tightness of the moisture barrier 20. In spite of the thin barrier layers 21 and 22, the moisture barrier 20 has good tightness. A corresponding measurement for determining the water vapor permeability of the film yielded a significantly improved WVTR (water vapor transmission rate) compared to a PET film 12 ?m thick and coated by means of CVD with an aluminum layer approximately 80 nm thick, despite the overall thicker barrier layer. Both values were measured under the same conditions. Thus, the application of two thin oxidic barrier layers via ALD has a significant improvement compared to a thicker metallic barrier layer. In addition, the heat conduction through the two thin oxidic layers is lower than by the thicker elemental metallic barrier layer, which improves the thermally insulating properties of the spacer according to the invention without elemental metallic layers. The moisture barrier 20 is preferably applied in such a way that the polymeric layer 31 points to the outer wall 5 of the polymeric hollow profile 1. The moisture barrier is then attached to the outer wall 5, for example via an acrylate adhesive. In this case, the second barrier layer 22 made of aluminum oxide is the outer layer and, in the finished insulation glass unit, faces the outer pane interspace and is in direct contact with the secondary sealant. Since the aluminum oxide layer has good adhesion to the usual secondary sealants, this arrangement is advantageous. The long-term stability of the insulation glass unit is thus further improved.
[0083] FIG. 3 shows a cross-section through a further moisture barrier 20 of a spacer I according to the invention. The shown moisture barrier 20 comprises exclusively barrier layers, which are applied via ALD. In this case, the first barrier layer 21 made of silicon oxide is applied directly to the polymeric hollow profile 1 via ALD. This is followed directly by the second barrier layer 22 made of chromium oxide. In addition, a layer of silicon oxide 23 and a layer of chromium oxide 24 are arranged again. In this case, the outer layer is the fourth barrier layer 24 made of chromium oxide, which has particularly good adhesion to the secondary sealing material. All layers are 7 nm thick, resulting in a total thickness of the barrier layers of less than 30 nm. This is a particularly material-saving embodiment, wherein the sealing is provided by the arrangement of several thin and particularly dense barrier layers.
[0084] FIG. 4 shows a cross-section through a further moisture barrier 20 of a spacer I according to the invention. The fastening to the outer wall 5 of the spacer is achieved advantageously via an adhesive. The moisture barrier 20 comprises two polymeric layers 31, 32, wherein the first polymeric layer 31 is a PET layer 12 ?m thick and the second polymeric layer 32 is an oPET layer 12 ?m thick. The oPET layer is the polymeric layer arranged further in the direction of the outer pane interspace. This layer is subject to higher loads during the processing of the spacer, such as, for example, during bending. Therefore, a particularly resistant oriented film is used here to improve the mechanical load-bearing capacity of the spacer. The first polymeric layer 31 is coated with the second barrier layer 22 made of titanium nitride (5 nm) and the first barrier layer 21 made of silicon nitride (5 nm) via ALD. The fourth barrier layer 24 is made of silicon oxide (5 nm), the third barrier layer 23 made of aluminum oxide (5 nm). The moisture barrier 20 can be produced by lamination of two coated polymeric layers. In this case, an adhesive bonding layer which is not shown in the drawing can be arranged between the first polymeric layer 31 and the third barrier layer 23. Thanks to the two polymeric layers and the total of four barrier layers, the moisture barrier particularly efficiently prevents the diffusion of water into the inner pane interspace. In particular, the arrangement of the barrier layers as double layers, that is to say, in each case two barrier layers directly adjoin one another, has proven to be advantageous.
[0085] FIG. 5 shows a cross-section through a moisture barrier 20 of a spacer I according to the invention. The moisture barrier 20 comprises two polymeric layers 31 and 32, each of which consists of oPP (oriented polypropylene) 12 ?m thick. Both oPP layers are coated double-sidedly with two barrier layers each on the exposed side and one barrier layer on the inner side facing the adhesive bonding layer 40. The first, third, fourth and sixth barrier layers 21, 23, 24 and 26 are each silicon oxide layers 4 nm thick and the second and fifth barrier layers 22 and 25 are each zirconium oxide layers 4 nm thick. Due to the plurality of layers, this moisture barrier is particularly dense. The outer layers 21 and 26 are silicon oxide layers and adhere very well to the secondary sealant. Due to the symmetrical structure of the moisture barrier, the film can be produced by adhesively bonding two double-sidedly coated oPP layers via a bonding layer 40 3 ?m thick made of a polyurethane adhesive.
[0086] FIG. 6 shows a cross-section through a further embodiment of a moisture barrier 20 according to the invention. The moisture barrier comprises three polymeric layers 31, 32 and 33, as well as a total of six barrier layers 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26. The six barrier layers are arranged in three blocks, wherein the layers 21 and 22, the layers 23 and 24, and the layers 25 and 26 are each deposited directly on one another via ALD. The arrangement as twofold barrier layers has proven to be particularly advantageous. The first polymeric layer 31 is a PET layer 12 ?m thick, the second polymeric layer 32 is a PET layer 12 ?m thick, and the third polymeric layer 33 is a boPP layer 16 ?m thick. The first barrier layer 21 and the third barrier layer 23 are each titanium oxide layers 5 nm thick. The second barrier layer 22 and the fourth barrier layer 24 are each aluminum oxide layers (5 nm). The fifth barrier layer 25 is a silicon oxide layer (5 nm) 5 nm thick and the barrier layer 26 provided as an outer layer is a chromium oxide layer (5 nm) and improves the adhesion to the secondary sealant.
[0087] FIG. 7 shows a cross-section of the edge region of an insulation glass unit II according to the invention with the spacer I shown in FIG. 1. The first pane 13 is connected to the first side wall 2.1 of the spacer I by means of a primary sealant 17, and the second pane 14 is attached to the second side wall 2.2 by means of the primary sealant 17. The primary sealant 17 is essentially a crosslinking polyisobutylene. The inner pane interspace 15 is located between the first pane 13 and the second pane 14 and is delimited by the glazing interior wall 3 of the spacer I according to the invention. The inner pane interspace 15 is air-filled or filled with an inert gas, such as argon. The cavity 8 is filled with a desiccant 11, for example a molecular sieve. The cavity 8 is connected to the inner pane interspace 15 via perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3. Through the perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3, a gas exchange takes place between the cavity 8 and the inner pane interspace 15, wherein the desiccant 11 absorbs the air moisture from the inner pane interspace 15. The first pane 13 and the second pane 14 project beyond the side walls 2.1 and 2.2 so that an outer pane interspace 16 is produced, which is located between the first pane 13 and the second pane 14 and is delimited by the outer wall 5 with the moisture barrier 20 of the spacer I. The edge of the first pane 13 and the edge of the second pane 14 are arranged at the same height. The outer pane interspace 16 is filled with a secondary sealant 18. The secondary sealant 18 in the example is a polysulfide. Polysulfides absorb the forces acting on the edge composite particularly well and thus contribute to high stability of the insulation glass unit II. The adhesion of polysulfides to the adhesive layer of the spacer according to the invention is excellent. The first pane 13 and the second pane 14 consist of soda-lime glass of a thickness of 3 mm.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
[0088] I Spacer [0089] II Insulation glass unit [0090] 1 Hollow profile [0091] 2.1 First side wall [0092] 2.2 Second side wall [0093] 3 Glazing interior wall [0094] 5 Outer wall [0095] 5.1, 5.2 The portions of the outer wall that are closest to the side walls [0096] 8 Cavity [0097] 11 Desiccant [0098] 12 Perforation in the glazing interior wall [0099] 13 First pane [0100] 14 Second pane [0101] 15 Inner pane interspace [0102] 16 Outer pane interspace [0103] 17 Primary sealant [0104] 18 Secondary sealant [0105] 20 Moisture barrier [0106] 21 First barrier layer [0107] 22 Second barrier layer [0108] 23 Third barrier layer [0109] 24 Fourth barrier layer [0110] 25 Fifth barrier layer [0111] 26 Sixth barrier layer [0112] 31 (First) polymeric layer [0113] 32 Second polymeric layer [0114] 33 Third polymeric layer [0115] 40 Internal adhesive bonding layer
