Composite pane with functional element and deaeration structure incorporated into a thermoplastic intermediate layer

Abstract

A composite pane with at least one functional element, includes a first pane including an inner side III and an outer side IV, a second pane including an inner side II and an outer side I, a thermoplastic intermediate layer that joins the inner side III of the first pane laminarly to the inner side II of the second pane, at least one functional element that is incorporated into the thermoplastic intermediate layer, wherein the at least one functional element is directly adjacent the inner side III of the first pane and/or the inner side II of the second pane, and a deaeration structure is mounted at least in the region of the functional element that is directly adjacent the first pane and/or second pane.

Claims

1. A composite pane with at least one functional element, comprising: a first pane comprising an inner side III and an outer side IV, a second pane comprising an inner side II and an outer side I, a thermoplastic intermediate layer that joins the inner side III of the first pane laminarly to the inner side II of the second pane, at least one functional element that is incorporated into the thermoplastic intermediate layer, wherein the at least one functional element is directly adjacent the inner side III of the first pane and/or the inner side II of the second pane, and a deaeration structure is mounted at least in regions of the at least one functional element, the deaeration structure being directly adjacent (a) the first pane such that no thermoplastic intermediate layer is present in said regions where the deaeration structure is mounted between the at least one functional element and the inner side III of the first pane and/or (b) the second pane such that no thermoplastic intermediate layer is present in said regions where the deaeration structure is mounted between the at least one functional element and the inner side II of the second pane, the deaeration structure preventing the at least one functional element from resting with its entire surface against the inner side II of the second pane and/or the inner side III of the first pane, wherein the deaeration structure comprises a plurality of deaeration channels each having a width from 1 mm to 5 mm.

2. The composite pane according to claim 1, wherein the deaeration channels run substantially perpendicular to a side edge of the composite pane nearest the at least one functional element.

3. The composite pane according to claim 1, wherein the deaeration structure comprises a regular or irregular structure.

4. The composite pane according to claim 1, wherein the deaeration structure comprises higher-positioned surface regions situated on a base surface and positioned higher in relation to a base surface.

5. The composite pane according to claim 4, wherein the higher-positioned surface regions are positioned offset in height relative to the base surface by at least 15 ?m.

6. The composite pane according to claim 4, wherein the higher-positioned surface regions occupy an area proportion of at least 20% of a total area comprising the base surface and higher-positioned surface regions.

7. The composite pane according to claim 1, wherein the deaeration structure is applied additively or subtractively on the at least one functional element, the inner side III of the first pane, and/or the inner side II of the second pane.

8. The composite pane according to claim 7, wherein the deaeration structure is applied additively by printing methods.

9. The composite pane according to claim 7, wherein the deaeration structure is applied subtractively on the at least one functional element.

10. The composite pane according to claim 1, wherein the at least one functional element is an electrically switchable functional element.

11. The composite pane according to claim 1, wherein the at least one functional element has a thickness of at least 50 ?m.

12. The composite pane according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer has at least one first laminating film comprising polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, and/or polyurethane with a thickness of 0.30 mm to 1.5 mm.

13. A method for producing a composite pane according to claim 1, comprising: a) applying at least one deaeration structure additively or subtractively on at least one functional element, b) forming a layer stack at least comprising a first pane, the at least one functional element having a deaeration structure, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, and a second pane, wherein the deaeration structure is directly adjacent the inner side III of the first pane and/or the inner side of the second pane, c) laminating the layer stack from step b) to form a composite pane.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein in step a), a deaeration structure is additively printed or is subtractively produced by laser methods.

15. A method comprising providing a vehicle glazing made with the composite pane according to claim 1.

16. The composite pane according to claim 5, wherein the higher-positioned surface regions are positioned offset in height relative to the base surface by at least 30 ?m.

17. The composite pane according to claim 6, wherein the higher-positioned surface regions occupy an area proportion of at most 80% of the total area comprising the base surface and higher-positioned surface regions.

18. The composite pane according to claim 7, wherein the deaeration structure is applied additively or subtractively on the at least one functional element.

19. The composite pane according to claim 8, wherein the deaeration structure is applied additively by screen printing methods or inkjet printing methods.

20. The composite pane according to claim 9, wherein the deaeration structure is applied subtractively on the at least one functional element by laser methods.

Description

(1) In the following, the invention is explained in detail with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic representations and not true to scale. The drawings in no way restrict the invention.

(2) They depict:

(3) FIG. 1a a plan view of a composite pane 1 according to the invention with a functional element 2, wherein the composite pane 1 is laminated laminarly with a thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 and a Vivaldi antenna is incorporated as a functional element 2,

(4) FIG. 1b a detail of the functional element 2 of FIG. 1a, wherein the detail depicts the deaeration structure 8,

(5) FIG. 1c a cross-section through the composite pane 1 in the region of the functional element 2 along the section line AA of FIG. 1a,

(6) FIG. 2 another embodiment according to the invention of the composite pane 1 depicted along the section line AA, analogous to FIG. 1c.

(7) FIG. 1a depicts a plan view of a composite pane 1 according to the invention having a Vivaldi antenna as a functional element 2, wherein the composite pane 1 is laminarly laminated with thermoplastic intermediate layer 5. FIG. 1b depicts a detail of the functional element 2 laminated into the composite pane 1 of FIG. 1a with deaeration structure 8. FIG. 1c shows a cross-section through the composite pane 1 of FIG. 1a in the region of the functional element 2, wherein the cross-section is cut along the section line AA. The composite pane 1 is intended for use as a windshield of a motor vehicle and comprises a first pane 3, which, here, is the inner pane of the windshield, and a second pane 4 (here: outer pane of the windshield). The panes 3, 4 are laminated to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 5. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 consists of a first laminating film 5.1, which is applied full-surface between the panes 3, 4. The first pane 3 has an outer side IV and an inner side III. The second pane 4 has an inner side II and an outer side I. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 joins the inner side III of the first pane 3 and the inner side II of the second pane 4. The second pane 4 and the first pane 3 are made of soda lime glass. The first laminating film 5.1 is a thermoplastic film, here, a polyvinyl butyral film with a thickness of 0.76 mm measured before the lamination operation. The layer sequence of the composite pane 1 in the region outside the functional element 2 consists according to FIG. 1c of the first pane 3, the first laminating film 5.1, and the second pane 4. This is particularly advantageous since by using only a single film element, the structure is reduced to the essential, no slippage of film plies against one another occurs during the production process, and a weight reduction is obtained compared to full-surface multiple-ply intermediate layers. In the region of the functional element 2, the layer sequence of the composite pane 1 consists of the first pane 3, the functional element 2 placed on the inner side III of the first pane 3, the first laminating film 5.1, and, finally, the second pane 4, whose inner side II rests against the first laminating film 5.1. The functional element 2 includes a carrier film 6 and an electrically conductive structure 7 arranged thereon. The deaeration structure 8 is introduced into the carrier film 6 of the functional element 2 subtractively by means of a CO.sub.2 laser. In the embodiment of FIG. 1c, the deaeration structure 8 is implemented in the form of deaeration channels that extend perpendicular to the nearest pane edge K of the composite pane 1. This ensures the escape of air bubbles over the shortest path. The deaeration structure 8 comprises a base surface 8.1, which is situated in the regions where material ablation by laser occurred. Higher-positioned surface sections 8.2 of the deaeration structure 8 are situated substantially parallel to the base surface 8.1. The higher-positioned surface sections 8.2 correspond, in the embodiment of FIG. 1c, to the surface of the carrier film 6 facing away from the electrically conductive structure 7. The base surface 8.1 forms the bottom surface of the deaeration channels 9. The deaeration channels 9 have a width of 3.0 mm (distance of adjacent higher-positioned surface regions 8.2 from one another), a depth of 100 ?m (distance of the base surface 8.1 from the higher-positioned surface regions 8.2), and a distance of 2.0 mm from one another. The functional element 2 has a total thickness of 215 ?m. The deaeration structure 8 of the functional element 2 enables good evacuation of the layer stack before lamination of the composite pane such that no air inclusions at all occur in the vicinity of the functional element. The appearance and the stability of the composite pane are thus significantly improved. Introduction of the deaeration structure 8 by material ablation has the advantage that the total thickness of the functional element 2 remains constant.

(8) FIG. 2 depicts another embodiment according to the invention of the composite pane 1, wherein FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through a composite pane analogous to the section line AA depicted in FIG. 1a. The basic structure corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1c. In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1c, the deaeration structure in FIG. 2 is applied additively. The deaeration structure 8 is likewise provided in the form of deaeration channels 9, wherein the base surface 8.1 of the deaeration structure 8 is formed by the surface of the carrier film 6 facing away from the electrically conductive structure 7. The higher-positioned surface regions 8.2 of the deaeration structure 8 are formed by lines applied by means of inkjet printing methods. Application of the deaeration structure by printing methods is technically feasible by simple means. The functional element 2 has, measured without the deaeration structure 8, a total thickness of 215 ?m. The deaeration channels 9 have a width of 3.0 mm (distance of adjacent higher-positioned surface regions 8.2 from one another), a depth of 100 ?m (distance of the base surface 8.1 from the higher-positioned surface regions 8.2), and a distance of 2.0 mm from one another.

LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS

(9) (1) composite pane (2) functional element (3) first pane (4) second pane (5) thermoplastic intermediate layer (5.1) first laminating film (6) carrier film (7) electrically conductive layer (8) deaeration structure (8.1) base surface of the deaeration structure (8.2) higher-positioned surface sections of the deaeration structure (9) deaeration channels AA section line K side edges of the composite pane I outer side of the second pane 4 II inner side of the second pane 4 III inner side of the first pane 3 IV outer side of the first pane 3