VALVE

Abstract

A valve having a valve housing and a blocking element, wherein the valve housing has a hollow space for receiving the blocking element, an inlet opening for allowing a fluid to flow into the hollow space and an outlet opening for allowing the fluid to flow out of the hollow space, wherein the blocking element has a guide body and is arranged linearly moveably and at least partially in the hollow space of the valve housing between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, wherein the blocking element has at least one opening for allowing the fluid to flow from the inlet opening to the outlet opening via the opening.

Claims

1. A valve comprising: a valve housing and a shut-off element; wherein the valve housing comprises a cavity for receiving the shut-off element; an inlet opening for a fluid to flow into the cavity and an outlet opening for the fluid to flow out of the cavity; wherein the shut-off element comprises a guide body and is arranged linearly movably at least partially in the cavity of the valve housing between the inlet opening and the outlet opening; wherein the shut-off element has at least one recess for flow of the fluid from the inlet opening via the recess to the outlet opening; wherein the shut-off element has a further recess for flow of the fluid from the inlet opening via the further recess to the outlet opening, and the further recess is a prism-shaped aperture in the guide body of the shut-off element: wherein the valve housing has a further outlet opening and in one position of the shut-off element, the further outlet opening can be fluidically connected to the inlet opening via the further recess.

2. The valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide body of the shut-off element is prism-shaped, preferably substantially cylindrical.

3. The valve according to claim 1 , characterized in that the recess is a tapering in the guide body, wherein the tapering is preferably arranged perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the guide body.

4. The valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess is an aperture in the guide body of the shut-off element.

5. (canceled)

6. The valve according to claim 1, characterized in that aperture a longitudinal axis of the guide body and a longitudinal axis of the prism-shaped further recess enclose an angle between 45° and 90° .

7. The valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity comprises a substantially prism-shaped first section and a substantially prism-shaped second section, wherein the shut-off element is at least partially received linearly movably in the substantially prism-shaped second section.

8. The valve according to claim 7, characterized in that the first substantially prism-shaped section and the second substantially prism-shaped section intersect at an angle between 30° and 90°.

9. The valve according to claim 7, characterized in that the inlet opening is arranged on a first base surface of the substantially prism-shaped first section in particular is congruent with a first base surface of the substantially prism-shaped first section.

10. The valve according to claim 9, characterized in that an outlet opening is arranged on a second base surface of the substantially prism-shaped first section opposite the first base surface, in particular is congruent with a second base surface of the substantially prism-shaped first section opposite the first base surface.

11. The valve according to claim 7, characterized in that the second substantially prism-shaped section is a cylindrical bore passing through the valve housing, wherein the bore forms a first and a second aperture on two opposite sides of the valve housing.

12. The valve according to claim 11, characterized in that the guide body of the shut-off element is substantially cylindrical, wherein the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical second section coincides with the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical guide body of the shut-off element.

13. The valve according to claim 11, characterized by a drive for linear movement of the shut-off element, wherein the drive engages at an end of the shut-off element projecting from the second aperture.

14. A valve system, characterized by a valve according claim 1, wherein a start-up valve is provided in a further cavity which leads to the inlet opening of the valve.

15. The valve system according to claim 14, characterized in that the start-up valve comprises: a start-up valve cavity which is connected to the further cavity and in which a start-up valve shut-off element is received, a start-up valve inlet opening for flow of a fluid from the further cavity into the start-up valve cavity; and a start-up valve outlet opening for flow of the fluid from the start-up valve cavity wherein the start-up valve shut-off element has a start-up valve guide body for shutting off the start-up valve inlet opening which is arranged movably in the start-up valve cavity.

16. A method for transporting fluids, characterized in that the fluid flow is regulated and/or controlled in a valve according to claim 1.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the shut-off element of the valve oscillates regularly for flushing a gap in the cavity between the valve housing and the guide body of the shut-off element.

18. A method for transporting fluids, characterized in that a fluid is transported in a valve system according to claim 14.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the valve system is operated in a start-up mode wherein the inlet opening is shut off with the shut-off element and the shut-off valve guide body releases the start-up valve cavity.

20. The method according to claim 18 characterized in that the valve system is operated in a production mode, preferably after operating in the start-up mode, wherein the recess is brought into the region of the cavity and the start-up valve inlet opening is closed with the start-up valve guide body.

21. The valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a sampling valve for opening and closing the further outlet opening is arranged at the further outlet opening.

Description

[0043] The invention is explained further hereinafter with reference to non-restrictive exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

[0044] FIG. 1 shows schematically a valve according to the invention with a valve housing and a shut-off element in an open state and a closed sampling;

[0045] FIG. 2 shows schematically the valve according to FIG. 1 in a shut-off state;

[0046] FIG. 3 shows schematically the valve according to FIG. 1 in a shut-off state and an opened sampling;

[0047] FIG. 4 shows schematically the valve according to FIG. 1 in a partially opened state and an opened sampling;

[0048] FIG. 5 shows schematically a start-up valve with an additional valve according to FIG. 1, wherein the start-up valve is in a shut-off state (shown in section);

[0049] FIG. 6 shows schematically the start-up valve according to FIG. 5 wherein the start-up valve is in an opened state.

[0050] FIGS. 1 to 4 show a valve 1 according to the invention comprising a valve housing 2 and a shut-off element 3, wherein the valve housing 2 has a cavity 4 for receiving the shut-off element 3, an inlet opening 5 for flow of a fluid into the cavity 4 and an outlet opening 6 for flow of the fluid from the cavity 4. The shut-off element 3 comprises a substantially cylindrical guide body 7 and is arranged linearly movable in the cavity 4 of the valve housing 2 between the inlet opening 5 and the outlet opening 6. Furthermore, the guide body 7 has a recess 8 for flow of the fluid from the inlet opening 5 via the recess 8 to the outlet opening 6. The recess 8 is a tapering in the guide body 7, wherein the tapering is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical guide body 7. Furthermore, the shut-off element 3 has a further recess 9 which is a cylindrical aperture in the guide body 7 of the shut-off element 3. The longitudinal axis of the prism-shaped guide body 7 and the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical further recess 9 enclose an angle of 75°.

[0051] The cavity 4 comprises a substantially cylindrical first section 10 and a cylindrical second section 11, wherein the shut-off element 3 is partially received linearly movably in the second section 11. In this case, the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical second section 11 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical guide body 7 of the shut-off element 3. The shut-off element has a tolerance in the second section 11 of the cavity 3 so that a gap is formed in the cavity 4 between the guide body 7 of the shut-off element 3 and the valve housing 2 through which the fluid can flow. As a result, any permanent deposition of fluid in the valve 1 can be reduced or even avoided.

[0052] The first 10 and second 11 section intersect at an angle of 90° so that the first section 10 is arranged perpendicularly to the second section 11. As a result, the first 10 and second 11 section form two tunnels arranged perpendicularly to one another which form a cross-shaped cavity 4. The inlet opening 5 is arranged on a first base surface of the substantially cylindrical first section 10 which is congruent with the first base surface of the first section 10. The outlet opening 6 is arranged on a second base surface of the substantially cylindrical first section 10 opposite the first base surface, which is congruent with the second base surface of the first section 10. Thus, the inlet opening 5 and the outlet opening 6 are arranged on the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical first section 10. The first section 10 intersects the second section 11 of the cavity 4 in a region which is arranged between the inlet opening 5 and the outlet opening 6. Since the shut-off element 3 is received in the second section 11, the shut-off element 3 is arranged between the inlet opening 5 and the outlet opening 6. In the embodiment shown the second section 11 is a cylindrical bore passing through the valve housing 2, wherein the bore forms a first 12 and a second 13 aperture on two opposite sides of the valve housing 2. The guide body 7 of the shut-off element 3 is received in the bore in such a manner that the shut-off element 3 projects partially from the second aperture 13. The valve 1 has a drive 14 for linear movement of the shut-off element 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical guide body 7, wherein the drive 14 engages at the end of the shut-off element 3 projecting from the second aperture 13.

[0053] In the embodiment shown, in the intersection region 15 of the first section 10 with the second section 11 the diameter of the first section 10 is 20% smaller than in the case of the first base surface at the inlet opening 5. The recess 8 is configured in such a manner that it is an annular cut-out perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical guide body 7. The width of the annular cut-out is equal to the diameter of the first section 10 in the intersection region 15. Furthermore, the annular cut-out has a cross-section which is delimited by a parabola and an axis parallel to the directrices of the parabola. Due to the recess 8 in the guide body 7 the shut-off element 3 is bone-shaped, wherein the constant diameter of the substantially cylindrical guide body 7 is reduced as a result of the recess 8 by up to 40%.

[0054] The valve housing 2 has a further outlet opening 16 on which a sampling valve 17, e.g. a ball cock, is arranged for opening and closing the further outlet opening 16. The further outlet opening 16 is fluidically connected to the second section 11 of the cavity 4 so that fluid can flow from the second section 11 of the cavity 4 via the further outlet opening 16 and the opened sampling valve 17 from the valve 1. In this case, the further outlet opening 16 is arranged on the same side of the second section 11 of the cavity 4 as the outlet opening 6, wherein the further outlet opening 16 is arranged on an imaginary extension of the second base surface of the first section 10 of the cavity 4.

[0055] In the embodiment of the valve 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a fluid flows via a cylindrical pipe section 18 to the circular inlet opening 5 of the valve housing 2 adjacent to the pipe section 18. Via the inlet opening 5 the fluid flows further into the first section 10 of the cavity 4 of the valve housing 2 to the intersection region 15 in which the second section 11 intersects the first section 10 of the cavity 4. The shut-off element 3 is received in the second section 11 wherein the shut-off element 3 is positioned in FIG. 1 in such a manner that in the second section 11 the recess 8 is arranged in the intersection region 15 of the first section 10 with the second section 11. Since in the intersection region 15, the cross-section of the shut-off element 3 is smaller than the cross-section of the cylindrical second section 11 as a result of the recess 8 in the substantially cylindrical guide body 7, the recess 8 forms an opening in the intersection region 15 between the shut-off element 3 and the valve housing 2 so that the fluid in the first section 10 of the cavity 4 flows through the intersection region 15 to the outlet opening 6. Since a gap is formed in the second section 11 of the cavity 4 between the guide body 7 of the shut-off element 3 and the valve housing 2, a defined quantity of fluid can flow into the gap for flushing the gap.

[0056] With the aid of the drive 14 the shut-off element 3 can be moved so that, as shown in FIG. 2, the recess 8 is no longer arranged in the intersection region 15 of the first section 10 and the second section 11 of the cavity 4. In this case, neither the recess 8 nor the further recess 9 is arranged in the intersection region 15 and is fluidically connected to the first section 10 of the cavity 4. Since the substantially cylindrical guide body 7 of the shut-off element 3 fills the entire cross-section of the second section 11 of the cavity 4 apart from a gap, with the positioning of the shut-off element 3 shown in FIG. 2, the intersection region 15 is completely filled by the guide body 7 of the shut-off element 3 apart from a small gap so that the guide body 7 shuts off the intersection region 15. Thus, the region of the first section 10 of the cavity 4 which adjoins the inlet opening 5 is shut off by the shut-off element 3 from the region of the first section 10 which adjoins the outlet opening 6. As a result, apart from a small quantity via the gap, no fluid can flow into the first section 10 of the cavity 4 from the inlet opening 5 to the outlet opening 6 or to the further outlet opening 16.

[0057] By moving the shut-off element 3, this can be arranged as shown in FIG. 3 in the second section 11 of the cavity 4 in such a manner that the further recess 9 is arranged partially in the intersection region 15 in such a manner that the further recess 9 fluidically connects the region of the first section 11 which adjoins the inlet opening 5 to the further outlet opening 16. Since the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical guide body 7 and the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical further recess 9 enclose an angle of, for example, 75°, the further recess 9 is fluidically connected to the inlet opening 5 but not to the outlet opening 6 but to the further outlet opening 16 offset with respect to the outlet opening 6. Via the aperture arranged obliquely to the longitudinal axis in the guide body 7, which forms the further recess 9, fluid can flow from the inlet opening 5 via the first section of the cavity 4 to the further outlet opening 16 at which a sampling of the fluid can take place. Since the further recess 9 is not fluidically connected to the region of the first section 10 which adjoins the outlet opening 6 and since the recess 8 is not arranged in the intersection region 15 if the first section 10 with the second section 11 of the cavity 4, the outlet opening 6 is not fluidically connected to the inlet opening so that no fluid flows through the outlet opening 6 from the valve 1.

[0058] FIG. 4 shows the valve 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 wherein the shut-off element 3 is arranged in the second section 11 of the cavity 4 in such a manner that the recess 8 is positioned partially in the intersection region 15 of the first section 10 and second section 11 of the cavity 4. In this case, a part of the recess 8 which is not positioned in the intersection region 15 adjoins the further outlet opening 16 so that the opening formed by the recess 8 in the intersection region 15 fluidically connects the inlet opening 5 both to the outlet opening 6 and also to the further outlet opening 16. Thus, a fluid which flows into the first section 10 of the cavity 4 via the inlet opening 5 can flow further via the opening formed with the aid of the recess 8 through the intersection region 15 to the outlet opening 6 and to the further outlet opening 16. In this case, the opening to the outlet opening 6 is smaller than in the positioning of the shut-off element 3 shown in FIG. 1 so that less fluid can flow through the outlet opening 6 than in the positioning shown in FIG. 1. As a result, for example, a flow of fluid through the outlet opening 6 and also a sampling of the fluid via the further outlet opening 16 is possible simultaneously. As a result of the continuous movement of the shut-off element 3 in the second section 11 of the cavity 4, the fraction of the recess 8 arranged in the intersection region 15 can be varied continuously between 0% and 100% so that the size of the opening formed by the recess 8 for the flow of fluid can be varied continuously. As a result, it is possible to continuously regulate the flow of fluid through the valve 1.

[0059] The valve 1 according to the invention can be used, for example, in the manufacturing process of a cellulose/aminoxide solution. As a result of the configuration of the shut-off element 3, spinning mass is prevented from being able to accumulate and decompose in dead spaces of plants. Even in cases of fairly long storage of spinning mass in the valve 1, the shut-off element 3 cannot seize up in the valve housing 2 since the shut-off element 3 can be set periodically in rotation or in a periodic translational motion and flushed. Thus, the present invention also provides a method for transporting a solution of cellulose in an aqueous tertiary aminoxide through a valve 1 in which the flow rate of the cellulose solution in the valve housing 2 can be set periodically and varied in order to ensure that a safe diversion, distribution and safe transport of the cellulose/aminoxide solution.

[0060] The embodiment of the valve 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 can be used as part of a valve system 19. For this purpose, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the valve 1 according to the invention is combined with a start-up valve 20. The start-up valve 20 comprises a valve housing 21 and a shut-off element 22, wherein the valve housing 21 of the start-up valve 20 comprises a cavity 23 for receiving the shut-off element 22, an inlet opening 25 for inflow of a fluid into the cavity 23 and an outlet opening 24 for outflow of the fluid from the cavity 23 of the start-up valve 20. The shut-off element 22 of the start-up valve 20 has a guide body 26 and a shut-off projection 27 for shutting off the inlet opening 25 and is arranged movably in the cavity 23 of the valve housing 21 of the start-up valve 20. The shut-off projection 27 has a curved abutting surface 28 for abutting against the inlet opening 25. The curved abutting surface 28 is circular-arc-shaped in order to be able to abut against the inlet opening 25 of the valve housing 21 of the start-up valve 20 which is arranged on a lateral surface of a cylindrical further cavity 29. In this case, the inlet opening 25 connects the cavity 23 and the further cavity 29 located perpendicularly on the cavity 23. The guide body 26 of the shut-off element 22 of the start-up valve 20 is substantially cylindrical wherein the shut-off projection 27 is arranged on a base surface 30 of the substantially cylindrical guide body 26. The cavity 23 comprises a cylindrical first section 31 and a second section 32 which is arranged between the first section 31 and the further cavity 29. In this case, the cylindrical further cavity 29 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical first section 31 of the cavity 23, wherein the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical further cavity 29 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical first section 31. The shut-off projection 27 has the same shape as the second section 32 of the cavity 29 of the valve housing 21 of the start-up valve 20. The shut-off element 22 of the start-up valve 20 is arranged in the cavity 23 in such a manner that the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical first section 31 of the cavity 23 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical guide body 26 of the shut-off element 22.

[0061] The outlet opening 24 is arranged on the lateral surface of the cylindrical first section 31 of the cavity 23. The first section 31 of the cavity 23 is a cylindrical bore passing through the valve housing 21 of the start-up valve 20 which forms an aperture 33 on the side opposite the second section 32 of the cavity 23. The guide body 26 is received in the bore in such a manner that the shut-off element 22 projects partially from the aperture 33. The start-up valve 20 has a drive 34 for linear movement of the shut-off element 22 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical guide body 26, wherein the drive 34 engages at the end of the shut-off element 22 projecting from the aperture 33.

[0062] In FIG. 5 the start-up valve 20 is shown in the closed state, wherein the curved abutting surface 28 of the shut-off projection 27 abuts against the inlet opening 25. In addition, the guide body 26 of the shut-off element 22 abuts against the outlet opening 24 and shuts this off so that no fluid can flow from the inlet opening 25 into the cavity 23 of the start-up valve 20 and further to the outlet opening 24. In this position the shut-off projection 27 is arranged in the second section 32 of the cavity 23 and the guide body 26 is arranged in the first section 31 of the cavity 23. In order to avoid a dead space of the fluid in the start-up valve 20, a gap can be formed in the cavity 23 between the valve housing 21 and the guide body 26 so that fluid can flow through the inlet opening 25 via the gap into the cavity 23 and further to the outlet opening 24. As a result, a long dwell time of the fluid in the start-up valve 20 can be avoided. During linear movement of the shut-off element 22 of the start-up valve 20 in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical first section 31 of the cavity 23 in the direction of the aperture 33, the guide body 26 of the shut-off element 22 moves past the outlet opening 24. During the passing of the guide body 26 the outlet opening 24 is continuously opened so that a fluid can flow from the further cavity 29 through the inlet opening 25 into the cavity 23 and further to the outlet opening 24. In this case, the fluid in the cavity 23 is guided through the base surface 30 of the substantially cylindrical guide body 26 and the curved abutting surface 28 of the shut-off projection 27 in such a manner that the flow of the fluid in the cavity 23 is improved. During further linear motion of the shut-off element 22 in the direction of the aperture 33 the outlet opening 24 is opened further until the guide body 26 no longer covers the outlet opening 24 and, as shown in FIG. 6, the outlet opening 24 is completely opened. In this case, the base surface 30 of the substantially cylindrical guide body 26 contacts the outlet opening 24 on the side facing away from the inlet opening 25. With the aid of the base surface 30 and the curved abutting surface 28 of the shut-off projection 27, the fluid in the cavity 23 is guided in the direction of the outlet opening 24 wherein the flow of the fluid is improved compared to a shut-off element without shut-off projection 27.

[0063] The further cavity 29 of the start-up valve 20 corresponds to the cylindrical pipe section 18 according to FIGS. 1 to 4. The flowing fluid passes via the inlet opening 5 of the valve housing 2 of the valve 1 according to the invention via the first section 11 of the cavity 4 and the recess 8 of the shut-off element 3 to the outlet opening 6 of the valve housing 2 of the valve 1 according to the invention and thus flows in the cylindrical pipe section 18 from where it passes via the inlet opening 25 of the valve housing 21 of the start-up valve 20 to the outlet opening 24. The valve 1 shown in FIG. 1 corresponds here to the section I-I shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.