Machine tool management system that obtains a next maintenance period from a maintenance period model and a refinement algorithm

Abstract

A machine tool management system connects an external server and a large number of NC devices controlling the external server and respective machine tools through a network. The system collects several kinds of signal data from the NC device of each machine tool to the external server. In the system, the external server stores a maintenance period model and a refinement algorithm and obtains a next maintenance period from the maintenance period model.

Claims

1. A machine tool management system, comprising: an external server; and a plurality of numerical controller (NC) devices connected to the external server through a network, the NC devices controlling respective machine tools, wherein the external server is configured to collect operating information obtained from the NC device of each machine tool, and comprises: storing unit storing a maintenance period model and a refinement algorithm in advance; changing unit changing a computational expression of the maintenance period model by the refinement algorithm; and computing unit obtaining a next maintenance period from the maintenance period model, wherein a maintenance of at least one of the machine tools is executed in accordance with the next maintenance period obtained by the external server, and wherein an initial set value of the maintenance period model is T=T.sub.0, and the next maintenance period is expressed by the refinement algorithm:
T=T.sub.0.Math.[(1+tn.sub.1/T.sub.0).Math.(1+tn.sub.2/T.sub.0).Math..Math..Math.(1+tn.sub.1/T.sub.0)].Math.[(1−tm.sub.1/T.sub.0).Math.(1+tm.sub.2/T.sub.0).Math..Math..Math.(1+tm.sub.j/T.sub.0)] m1, m2 . . . m.sub.j denote signals associated with shortening of a maintenance part life, tm1, tm2 tm.sub.j denote accumulated time of each corresponding signal m1, m2 . . . m.sub.j within the maintenance period, n1, n2 . . . n.sub.i denote signals associated with extension of the maintenance part life, tn1, tn2 tn.sub.i denote accumulated time of each corresponding signal n1, n2 . . . n.sub.i within the maintenance period, and i and j are positive integers greater than 1.

2. The machine tool management system according to claim 1, wherein the external server is configured to control a robot to perform inspection of at least one of the machine tools in accordance with the next maintenance period obtained by the external server.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent when the following description of embodiments is read with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a machine tool management system according to the present invention;

(3) FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the machine tool management system according to the present invention;

(4) FIG. 3 is a graph for explaining a comparison method in step S02;

(5) FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the machine tool management system according to the present invention;

(6) FIG. 5 shows a flow of information processing;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a process for changing a model in a server computation unit;

(8) FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of a process of lubrication maintenance;

(9) FIG. 8 shows a list of parameters;

(10) FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a system according to the present invention provided with a robot;

(11) FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment of the system according to the present invention provided with a robot; and

(12) FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a process in an embodiment of the system according to the present invention provided with the robot.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(13) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the drawings. A description will be given to an advanced machine tool management system configured such that a server collects several kinds of data from a plurality of machine tools and analyzes the data, taking cases of collecting an estimated thermal distortion and operating information (operating data) from the machine tools and information from a sensor (data detected by the sensor) as the data to be collected from the machine tools. The management system according to the present invention involves at least one of the estimated thermal distortion, the operating information, and the information from the sensor.

(14) <Thermal Distortion Compensation>

(15) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the machine tool management system according to the present invention.

(16) The machine tool management system is a system connecting an external server 1 with a large number of NC devices (numerical controllers) 3 controlling the external server 1 and respective machine tools 2 through a network 4. The external server 1 collects several kinds of signal data from the NC device 3 of each machine tool. In the system, the external server 1 collects an estimated thermal distortion from each NC device 3 and determines machining failure based on a comparison with pre-stored data. Examples of the estimated thermal distortion include an estimated thermal distortion of a tool tip portion.

(17) FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the machine tool management system according to the present invention.

(18) (SA01)

(19) The external server 1 collects a tool tip portion estimated thermal distortion in the Z-axis direction {A1, A2, . . . } from the NC device 3 for the Z-axis direction, the direction of one drive shaft of the machine tool 2, at a specified sampling time {T1, T2, . . . }.

(20) (SA02)

(21) FIG. 3 is a graph for explaining a comparison method in step S02. As shown in FIG. 3, when the tool is machining favorably at the pre-stored specified sampling time {T1, T2, . . . }, the external server 1 compares the estimated thermal distortion with a Z-axis direction reference distortion {B1, B2, . . . } to obtain a difference between them and determines whether the absolute value of the obtained difference is within a permissible range {D1, D2, . . . }. When the absolute value of the difference is within the permissible range, the server determines that the tool is machining well, and when it exceeds the permissible range, the server determines that the tool is machining unfavorably.

(22) |A−B|≤D machining poor

(23) |A−B|<D machining well

(24) The above {B1, B2, . . . } and {D1, D2, . . . } are stored in advance in storing means of the external server 1 for each machining workpiece. A plurality of data pools need to be prepared for plural kinds of machining workpieces and plural axis directions of the machining tool.

(25) (SA03)

(26) The result of the determination in step SA02 is entered in production performance of the management system for the machine tools 2.

(27) <Maintenance Period>

(28) FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the machine tool management system according to the present invention. FIGS. 5 and 6 each show a flow of information processing. An external server 1 is installed and connected through a network 4 to a large number of NC devices 3 controlling the external server 1 and respective machine tools 2. The management system of the machine tools 2 collects operating information 5 obtained from the NC device 3 of each machine tool 2 to the external server 1. The operating information 5 collected to the external server 1 is stored in a server database (storing means) 9.

(29) As shown in FIG. 4, the external server 1 stores in advance a maintenance period computation model 6 and a refinement algorithm 7 in a server computation unit 8. The server computation unit 8 computes a maintenance period using the maintenance period computation model 6 and determines a next maintenance period. The refinement algorithm 7 analyzes the operating information 5 all the time. The management system of the machine tools 2 changes the computational expression of the maintenance period computation model 6 with the refinement algorithm 7.

(30) FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a process for changing the model in the server computation unit.

(31) (SB01)

(32) A determination is made about whether the estimation model needs to be adjusted. If the model needs to be adjusted, the process proceeds to step SB03, and if not, the process proceeds to step SB02.

(33) (SB02)

(34) The maintenance period is computed from the maintenance period computation model 6. An initial set value of the maintenance period model is T=T.sub.0.

(35) (SB03)

(36) The computational expression of the maintenance period computation model 6 is changed by the refinement algorithm 7.

(37) Now, a description will be given to the change of the computational expression of the maintenance period computation model 6 by the refinement algorithm 7. Signals that have effects on a maintenance part (the operating information 5 of each machine tool) are transferred to the external server 1. Among the signals that have effects on the maintenance part, signals associated with shortening of a maintenance part life are {M}={m1, m2, . . . }, and accumulated time of each corresponding signal within the maintenance period is {tm.sub.1, tm.sub.2, . . . }.

(38) Signals associated with extension of a maintenance part life are {N}={n1, n2, . . . }, and accumulated time of each corresponding signal within the maintenance period is {tn.sub.1, tn.sub.2, . . . }. The initial set value of the maintenance period model is T=T.sub.0, and the maintenance period computation model 6 is expressed by the refinement algorithm 7 in mathematical expression 1.

(39) $\begin{array}{cc}T=T_0.Math.[\left(1+\frac{{\mathrm{tn}}_1}{T_0}\right).Math.\left(1+\frac{t{n}_2}{T_0}\right)\mathrm{.Math.}].Math.\left[\left(1-\frac{{\mathrm{tm}}_1}{T_0}\right).Math.\left(1-\frac{t{m}_2}{T_0}\right)\text{...}\right]& \left[\mathrm{Expression}1\right]\end{array}$

(40) That is, the maintenance period computation model 6 is changed such that the maintenance period is extended by the signals associated with extension of a maintenance part life and shortened by the signals associated with shortening of a maintenance part life. The maintenance period of the maintenance period computation model 6 is made longer or shorter than the initial set value T.sub.0 by the refinement algorithm 7. Because there is a possibility of malfunctioning in the case of an extremely short or long maintenance period, an upper and/or lower limit may be set on the maintenance period. The operator may be warned by an alarm if the maintenance period exceeds the set range. For example, a minimum maintenance period T.sub.in may be set in the server computation unit 8.

(41) In FIG. 6, SB01 is carried out automatically or manually. FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of an example computation unit in the present invention. In the example, the operating information 5 is a main spindle high-speed rotation signal, and the maintenance period is a period for maintenance and inspection of a lubricant. The high-speed rotation is defined in advance to be, for example, 80% of a maximum rotation speed. An accumulated elapsed time tm.sub.1 of main spindle rotation at 80% of the maximum rotation speed within the last lubrication period T.sub.0 is set to be associated with lack of lubrication during the high-speed rotation in advance. Although not shown in FIG. 7, the temperature of the main spindle is measured, and an accumulated time tn.sub.1 at or under the pre-set temperature is set to be associated with smooth lubrication and extension of maintenance period. Examples of parameters for extending the maintenance period include an amount of time the rotation of the main spindle is stopped. The change of the computational expression by the refinement algorithm 7 is expressed in mathematical expression 2.

(42) $\begin{array}{cc}T=T_0.Math.\left(1+\frac{{\mathrm{tm}}_1}{T_0}\right)& \left[\mathrm{Expression}2\right]\end{array}$

(43) Hereinafter, the process will be described following each step.

(44) (SC01)

(45) The process of the computation unit is executed at a specified time interval and sampling time P.

(46) The sampling time P is preset by the external server 1.

(47) (SC02)

(48) Main spindle maintenance information K is a parameter set by the external server 1.

(49) To be specific, the external server 1 analyzes the collected information (the operating information 5) as follows.

(50) Pre-set Parameter A.sub.in

(51) A parameter A.sub.in denotes a maximum number of alarms or warning messages regarding the lubrication from the last lubricant supply up to the point in time. The initial set value T.sub.0 of the lubrication maintenance period is set the parameter A.sub.in.

(52) Then, the number of the alarms or the warning messages regarding the lubrication from the last lubricant supply up to now is denoted by A.sub.0.

(53) If A.sub.0<A.sub.in, it is determined that the lubrication is appropriate, and the parameter K is set to 0.

(54) If A.sub.0>A.sub.in, it is determined that lubricant supply period needs to be refined, and the parameter K is set to 1.

(55) As described above, the value of the parameter K is set automatically. Alternatively, the user may set the lubrication state to the parameter K manually.

(56) Thus, the process proceeds to the next step in accordance with the value of the parameter K.

(57) (SC03)

(58) If K=0, the lubrication period computation model 61 is used.

(59) Because the current estimation is appropriate, there is no need to change the lubrication period, that is, T=T.sub.0.

(60) (SC04)

(61) If K=1, the computational expression of the lubrication period computation model 61, which is the maintenance period computation model 61, following the refinement algorithm 7 (refer to mathematical expression 2).

(62) FIG. 8 shows the parameters used in the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 in a list.

(63) The maintenance period model is at least one of inspection and maintenance periods about the lubricant of the machine tool, about wear of a mechanism in the machine tool, about the machining tool of the machine tool, about an electrical component of the machine tool, and about a user-defined item of the machine tool.

(64) <Robot with Sensor>

(65) FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a system according to the present invention provided with a robot. The machine tool management system is formed by installing an external server 1 and connecting the server through a network 4 to a large number of NC devices 3 controlling the external server 1 and respective machine tools 2, and a robot 15 having several kinds of detecting sensors 16 and 17 mounted thereto. Several kinds of signal data from the NC device 3 of each machine tool 2 is collected to the external server 1, and the system determines whether a certain part is malfunctioning or needs inspection.

(66) In the machine tool management system, when a certain part is malfunctioning or needs inspection, the external server 1 drives the robot 15 connected to the network 4 and moves the robot 15 close to the malfunctioning part, or the part that needs inspection, of the machine tool 2, the sensors 16 and 17 attached to the robot 15 examines the part, and then a detection signal is transferred to the external server 1. The machine tool management system is capable of determining the actual service conditions of the part.

(67) FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment of the system according to the present invention provided with a robot. The system of the embodiment is a machine tool maintenance and management system using a robot having a visual sensor and a force sensor. The robot 15 is movable by means of a robot moving device 18. The robot 15 is provided with a visual sensor 16 and a force sensor 17. These sensors enable the inspection of parts.

(68) FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a process in an embodiment of the system according to the present invention provided with a robot.

(69) (SD01)

(70) The external server 1 instructs the robot 15 to perform inspection. The robot 15 determines whether it has received an inspection instruction from the external server 1, and if the robot 15 determines that it has received an inspection instruction (YES), the process proceeds to step SD02, and if not (NO), the robot 15 waits for an inspection instruction.

(71) (SD02)

(72) If the robot 15 has received an inspection instruction, the robot 15 moves close to the machine tool of interest.

(73) (SD03)

(74) The robot 15 selects the visual sensor and/or the force sensor suitable for the part that needs inspection.

(75) (SD04)

(76) For example, when the machining tool is malfunctioning, the visual sensor 16 inspects wear and damage of the tool of interest or the force sensor 17 touches the tool and inspects vibrations of the tool (SD05).

(77) (SD06)

(78) The inspection result is transferred to the external server 1 to complete the process.

(79) The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, while the present invention is not limited to the embodiments but may be changed appropriately to be embodied in other forms.