DIRECT CONTACT HEAT SEALED POLYETHYLENE LAMINATES

Abstract

Polyethylene laminates, having a printing film and a sealing film, form an effective direct contact heat seal when subjected to conventional direct contact heat sealing conditions.

Claims

1. A laminate comprises a printing film and a sealing film, wherein (a) the printing film is at least a three layer co-extrusion blown printing film comprising: (i) a surface layer of a first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) a middle layer by weight of a second co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 25 weight percent (wt %) to 75 wt % of a linear low density polyethylene; b. 10 wt % to 50 wt % of a high density polyethylene; c. 10 wt % to 40 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and d. wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation; (iii) a laminating layer by weight of a third co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 10 wt % to 50 wt % of a linear low density polyethylene; b. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a high density polyethylene; c. 10 wt % to 40 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; d. wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation; and e. wherein the middle layer of the printing film is in between the surface layer of the printing film and the laminating layer of the printing film; and (b) the sealing film is at least a three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film comprising: (i) a laminating layer by weight of a first co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 50 wt % to 100 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; b. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and c. wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) a middle layer by weight of a second co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 50 wt % to 100 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; b. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polymer component; and c. wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation; (iii) a sealing layer by weight of a third co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 25 wt % to 60 wt % of a plastomer; b. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; c. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; d. wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation; and e. wherein the middle layer of the sealing film is in between the laminating layer of the sealing film and the sealing layer of the sealing film; and (c) wherein the laminating layer of the printing film is laminated to the laminating layer of the sealing film.

2. The laminate of claim 1, wherein: the printing film having an overall thickness of 20 microns to 50 microns as measured after extrusion blowing but before lamination; and the sealing film having an overall thickness of 20 microns to 150 microns as measured after extrusion blowing but before lamination.

3. The laminate of claim 1, wherein: (a) the printing film comprising: (i) the surface layer of the first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) the middle layer by weight of the second co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 35-65 wt % of the metallocene the linear low density polyethylene, preferably the linear low density polyethylene is a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; b. 15-45 wt % of the high density polyethylene; and c. 20 -30 wt % of the optional polyethylene polymer component; (iii) the laminating layer by weight of the third co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 15-45 wt % the linear low density polyethylene, wherein the low density polyethylene is a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; b. 35-65 wt % of the high density polyethylene; and c. 20 -30 wt % of the optional polyethylene polymer component; and (iv) wherein the printing film having an overall thickness of 20-50 microns, preferably 25-35 microns; (b) the sealing film comprising: (i) the laminating layer of the first co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 60-90 wt % of the multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; and b. 10-40 wt % of the optional polyethylene polymer component, wherein the optional polyethylene polymer component is a high density polyethylene; (ii) a middle layer of the second co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 65-95 wt % of the multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; and b. 5-35 wt % of the optional polymer component, the optional polymer component is titanium dioxide dissolved in a polymeric carrier; (iii) a sealing layer of a third co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. greater than 35 wt % to 55 wt % is an olefin plastomer; b. 35-65 wt % of the multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; and c. 0-25 wt % of the optional polyethylene polymer component; and (iv) wherein the sealing film having the overall thickness of 25-120 microns.

4. The laminate of claim 1, wherein (a) the printing film having only three layers, wherein the three layers comprise: (i) the surface layer of the first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) the middle layer by weight of the second co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 45-55 wt % of the metallocene linear low density polyethylene; b. 20-30 wt % of the high density polyethylene; and c. 20 -30 wt % of the optional polyethylene polymer component; (iii) the laminating layer by weight of the third co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 20-30 wt % the metallocene linear low density polyethylene; b. 45-55 wt % of the high density polyethylene; and c. 20 -30 wt % of the optional polyethylene polymer component; (iv) wherein the printing film having an overall thickness of 25-35 microns; and (v) the printing film is reverse printed; (b) the sealing film having only three layers, wherein the three layers comprise: (i) the laminating layer of the first co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 60-90 wt % of the bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; and b. 10-40 wt % of the optional polyethylene polymer component, wherein the optional polyethylene polymer component is the high density polyethylene; (ii) the middle layer of the second co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 65-95 wt % of the bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; and b. 5-35 wt % of the optional polymer component, wherein the optional polymer component is titanium dioxide dissolved in a polymeric carrier; (iii) the sealing layer of a third co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 40-55 wt % of the olefin plastomer having a density greater than 0.900 g/cm.sup.3 per ASTM D792; b. 40-60 wt % of the bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; and c. 0-15 wt % of the optional polyethylene polymer component; and (iv) wherein the sealing film has the overall thickness of 22-70 microns.

5. The laminate of claim 1, wherein the laminate is a glossy laminate, and wherein the surface layer by weight of the first co-extrusion formulation of the printing film comprises: (i) 70 wt % to 100 wt % of a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; (ii) 0 wt % to 30 wt % of a polyethylene polymer component, wherein the polyethylene polymer component is a low density polyethylene; and (iii) wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation of the printing film.

6. The glossy laminate of claim 5, wherein the optional polyethylene polymer component of the middle layer of the printing film is a low density polyethylene; and the optional polyethylene polymer component of the laminating layer of the printing film is a low density polyethylene.

7. The laminate of any one of claim 1, wherein the laminate is a matte laminate, and wherein the surface layer by weight of the first co-extrusion formulation of the printing film comprises: (i) 75% to 100 wt % of a bimodal linear lower density polyethylene; and (ii) wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation of the printing film.

8. The glossy laminate of claim 7, wherein the optional polyethylene polymer of the middle layer of the printing film is a bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; and the optional polyethylene polymer of the laminating layer of the printing film is a bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene.

9. The laminate of claim 1, wherein the middle layer of the printing film is of a greater thickness compared to either the surface layer of the printing film or the laminating layer of the printing film; and wherein the middle layer of the sealing film is of a greater thickness compared to either the laminating layer of the sealing film or the sealing layer of the sealing film.

10. The laminate of claim 1, wherein the plastomer is a polyolefin plastomer having a density of 0.902 g/cm.sup.3 base value according to ASTM D792.

11. The laminate of claim 1, lamination of the printing film and the sealing film is by water-based dry lamination.

12. The laminate of claim 1, having at least 85 wt % of polyethylene by weight of the laminate.

13. A three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film comprising: (i) a laminating layer of a first co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 50 wt % to 100 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; b. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and c. wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) a middle layer of a second co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. 50 wt % to 100 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; b. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polymer component; c. wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation. (iii) a sealing layer of a third co-extrusion formulation comprising: a. greater than 30 wt % to 60 wt % an olefin plastomer; b. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; c. 0 wt % to 50 wt % an optional polyethylene polymer component; and d. wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation; (iv) wherein the middle layer of the sealing film is in between the laminating layer of the sealing film and the sealing layer of the sealing film; and (v) wherein the sealing film has an overall thickness of 20 microns to 150 microns.

14. A container having a direct contact heat seal between a first laminate and second laminate, wherein: (A) the first laminate: comprises a first printing film and a first sealing film, wherein: (a) the first printing film is a three layer co-extrusion blown printing film having: (i) a first surface layer of a first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) a first middle layer by weight of the second co-extrusion formulation having: a. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; b. 10 wt % to 50 wt % of a high density polyethylene; c. 10 wt % to 40 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and d. wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation; (iii) a first laminating layer by weight of the third co-extrusion formulation having: a. 10 wt % to 50 wt % of a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; b. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a high density polyethylene; c. 10 wt % to 40 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; d. wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation; and e. wherein the first middle layer of the first printing film is in between the first surface layer of the first printing film and the first laminating layer of the first printing film; and (b) the first sealing film is a three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film having: (i) a first laminating layer of a first co-extrusion formulation having: a. 50 wt % to 100 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; b. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and c. wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) a first middle layer of a second co-extrusion formulation having: a. 50 wt % to 100 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; b. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polymer component; and c. wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation. (iii) a first sealing layer of a third co-extrusion formulation having: a. 25 wt % to 60 wt % of a plastomer; b. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; c. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; d. wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation; and e. wherein the first middle layer of the first sealing film is in between the first laminating layer of the first sealing film and the first sealing layer of the first sealing film; and (c) wherein the first laminating layer of the first printing film is laminated to the first laminating layer of the first sealing film; (B) the second laminate: comprises a second printing film and a second sealing film, wherein: (a) the second printing film is a three layer co-extrusion blown printing film having: (i) a second surface layer of a first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) a second middle layer by weight of the second co-extrusion formulation having: a. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; b. 10 wt % to 50 wt % of a high density polyethylene; c. 10 wt % to 40 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and d. wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation; (iii) a second laminating layer by weight of the third co-extrusion formulation having: a. 10 wt % to 50 wt % of a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; b. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a high density polyethylene; c. 10 wt % to 40 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; d. wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation; and e. wherein the second middle layer of the second printing film is in between the second surface layer of the second printing film and the second laminating layer of the second printing film; and (b) the second sealing film is a three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film having: (i) a second laminating layer of a first co-extrusion formulation having: a. 50 wt % to 100 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; b. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and c. wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation; (ii) a second middle layer of a second co-extrusion formulation having: a. 50 wt % to 100 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; b. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polymer component; and c. wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation. (iii) a second sealing layer of a third co-extrusion formulation having: a. 25 wt % to 60 wt % of a plastomer; b. 25 wt % to 75 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene; c. 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; d. wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation; and e. wherein the first middle layer of the first sealing film is in between the second laminating layer of the second sealing film and the second sealing layer of the second sealing film; and (c) wherein the second laminating layer of the second printing film is laminated to the second laminating layer of the second sealing film; and (C) wherein the direct seal is between the first sealing layer of the first laminate and the second sealing layer of the second laminate.

15. The container having a direct contact heat seal of claim 14, wherein the direct contact heat seal is characterized by having an average direct contact heat seal strength according to ASTM F-88M-09 of either: (i) at least 15 N/inch in the cross direction; or (ii) at least at least 20 N/inch, preferably at least 25 N/inch in the machine direction.

16. A method of making a container comprising the step of forming a direct contact heat seal between two laminates of claim 1 by direct contact heat sealing the sealing layers of the respective laminates at a temperature from 95 C. to 130 C., for a pressure from 1 bar (100 kPa) to 6 bar (600 kPa) pressure, for a duration from 0.1 second to 4 seconds.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The embodiments set forth in the drawings are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the invention defined by the claims. The following detailed description of the illustrative embodiments can be understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings, where like structure is indicated with like reference numerals and in which:

[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of a laminate of the present invention.

[0022] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of a direct contact heat seal between two laminates of the present invention in a direct contact heat sealer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] The following text sets forth a broad description of numerous different embodiments of the present disclosure. The description is to be construed as exemplary only and does not describe every possible embodiment since describing every possible embodiment would be impractical, if not impossible. It will be understood that any feature, characteristic, component, composition, ingredient, product, step or methodology described herein can be deleted, combined with or substituted for, in whole or part, any other feature, characteristic, component, composition, ingredient, product, step or methodology described herein. Numerous alternative embodiments could be implemented, using either current technology or technology developed after the filing date of this patent, which would still fall within the scope of the claims.

[0024] One aspect of the invention provides for a laminate having a printing film and sealing film laminated together. Another aspect of the invention provides for direct contact heat sealing these laminates (e.g., via VFFS) to construct containers. These laminates, and containers made from these laminates, are more recyclable given the high percentage of PE (vs. including other thermoplastic polymer types) and yet strong enough to withstand the mechanical stress typically associated with making and shipping these containers having products contained therein.

[0025] Printing Film

[0026] One aspect of the invention provides for at least a three layer co-extrusion blown printing film. Turning to FIG. 1, a laminate (1) is provided with a three layer co-extrusion blown printing film (3) and a three-layer co-extrusion blown sealing film (5) laminated together (to form the laminate). The printing film (3), in turn, has a surface layer of a first co-extrusion formulation (7), a middle layer of a second co-extrusion formulation (9), and a laminating layer of a third co-extrusion formulation (11). The middle layer of the printing film (9) is in between the surface layer of the printing film (7) and the laminating layer of the printing film (11). The printing film (3) may have additional layers; however, a three layer co-extrusion printing film is preferred. The printing film (3) is preferably printed, more preferably reverse printed (so that printing will not be rubbed off during handling). Printing or reverse printing is by conventional means. The co-extrusion blowing to make the multi-layer co-extrusion blown printing film is conventional. The first, second, and third (etc.) co-extrusion formulations are those formulations that are placed in the respect extruders and then blown (to make the multi-layer co-extrusion blown printing film).

[0027] Regarding the printing film (3), the middle film layer by weight of a second co-extrusion formulation (9) has the following: (i) 25 weight percent (wt %) to 75 wt %, preferably 35-65 wt %, more preferably 40-60 wt %, yet more preferably 45-55 wt %, of a linear low density polyethylene, preferably wherein the linear low density polyethylene is a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; (ii) 10 wt % to 50 wt %, preferably 15-45 wt %, more preferably 20-30 wt %, of a high density polyethylene; (iii) 10-40 wt %, preferably 20-30 wt %, of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and (iv) wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation.

[0028] Regarding the printing film (3), the laminating layer by weight of a third co-extrusion formulation (11) has the following: (i) 10 wt % to 50 wt %, preferably 15-45 wt %, more preferably 20-30 wt %, of a linear low density polyethylene, preferably wherein the linear low density polyethylene is a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; (ii) 25 wt % to 75 wt %, preferably 35-65 wt %, more preferably 40-60 wt %, yet more preferably 45-55 wt % of a high density polyethylene; (iii) 10 wt % to 40 wt %, preferably 20-30 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; and (iv) wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation.

[0029] The laminate (1) may have a glossy appearance (i.e., a glossy laminate). Accordingly, and still regarding the printing film (3), the surface film layer by weight of a first co-extrusion formulation (7) has the following: (i) 70 wt % to 100 wt %, preferably 75-95 wt %, of a linear low density polyethylene, preferably wherein the linear low density polyethylene is a metallocene linear low density polyethylene; (ii) 0 wt % to 30 wt %, preferably from 5-25 wt %, of a polyethylene polymer component, preferably wherein the polyethylene polymer component is a low density polyethylene; and (iii) wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation of the printing film. When the laminate (1) is a glossy laminate, preferably the optional polyethylene polymer of the middle film layer of the printing film (9) is a low density polyethylene; and the optional polyethylene polymer of the laminating film layer of the printing film (11) is a low density polyethylene (and preferably at the wt % previously described).

[0030] Alternatively the laminate (1) may have a matte appearance (i.e., a matte laminate). Accordingly, and still regarding the printing film (3), the surface layer by weight of a first co-extrusion formulation (7) has the following: (i) 75 wt % to 100 wt %, preferably 90-100 wt %, of a bimodal linear lower density polyethylene, preferably a bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; and (ii) wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation of the printing film. When the laminate (1) is a matte laminate, preferably the optional polyethylene polymer of the middle layer of the printing film (9) is a bimodal linear lower density polyethylene, preferably a bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; and the optional polyethylene polymer of the laminating layer of the printing film (11) is a bimodal linear lower density polyethylene, preferably a bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene (and preferably at the wt % previously described).

[0031] Preferably the printing film (3) has an overall thickness of 20 microns to 50 microns more preferably 20-50 microns, yet more preferably 25-35 microns, yet still more preferably from 25-30 microns as measured after extrusion blowing but before lamination.

[0032] Preferably the middle layer of the printing film (9) is thicker than either the surface layer of the printing film (7) or the laminating layer of the printing film (11), preferably the middle layer (9) is thicker than both the surface layer (7) and the laminating layer (11). The middle layer of the printing film (9) can be from 1.1 to 3 fold, preferably from 1.2 to 2 fold thicker than either the surface layer of the printing film (7) or the laminating layer of the printing film (11), preferably thicker than both the surface layer (7) and the laminating layer (11).

[0033] Preferably the printing film (3) comprises a high level of polyethylene to facilitate recycling. To this end, the printing film (3) preferably comprises at least 85 wt % of polyethylene by weight of the printing film, preferably at least 90 wt %, more preferably at least 95 wt %, yet more preferably at least 97 wt %, alternatively from 85 wt % to about 100 wt %. Yet more preferably the printing film (3) is substantially free or free of PET, yet even more preferably substantially free or free of PP and PET.

[0034] Sealing Film

[0035] One aspect of the invention provides for at least a three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film. Turning to back FIG. 1, a laminate (1) is provided with a three layer co-extrusion blown printing film (3) and a three-layer co-extrusion blown sealing film (5) laminated together (to form the laminate (1)). The sealing film (5), in turn, has a laminating layer of a first co-extrusion formulation (13), a middle layer of a second co-extrusion formulation (15), and a sealing layer of a third co-extrusion formulation (17). The middle layer of the sealing film (15) is in-between the laminating layer and the sealing layer of the sealing film (13, 17, respectively). The sealing film (5) may have additional layers; however, a three layer co-extrusion sealing film is preferred. The extrusion blowing to make the multi-layer co-extrusion blown sealing film is conventional. The first, second, and third (etc.) co-extrusion formulations are those formulations that are placed in the respect extruders and then blown (to make the multi-layer co-extrusion blown sealing film).

[0036] Regarding the sealing film (5), the laminating layer by weight of a first co-extrusion formulation (13) has the following: (i) 50 wt % to 100 wt %, preferably from 60-90 wt %, of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene, preferably a bimodal linear lower density polyethylene, more preferably a bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; (ii) 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component, preferably the optional polyethylene polymer component is 10-40 wt % of a high density polyethylene; and (iii) wherein the wt % is relative to the first co-extrusion formulation.

[0037] Regarding the sealing film (5), the middle layer by weight of a second co-extrusion formulation (15) has the following: (i) 50 wt % to 100 wt %, preferably from 65-95 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene, preferably a bimodal linear lower density polyethylene, more preferably a bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; (ii) 0 wt % to 50 wt % of an optional polymer component, preferably the optional polymer component is 5-35 wt %, and preferably wherein the optional polymer component is titanium dioxide dissolved in a polymeric carrier; and (iii) wherein the wt % is relative to the second co-extrusion formulation.

[0038] Regarding the sealing film (5), the sealing layer by weight of a third co-extrusion formulation (17) has the following: (i) 25 wt % to 60 wt %, preferably greater than 30 wt % to 60 wt %, more preferably 40-55 wt % of a plastomer, preferably an olefin plastomer; (ii) 25 wt % to 75 wt %, preferably from 35-65 wt %, more preferably 40-60 wt % of a multi-modal linear lower density polyethylene, preferably a bimodal linear lower density polyethylene, more preferably a bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene; and (iii) 0 wt % to 50 wt %, preferably from 0-25 wt %, more preferably from 0-15 wt % of an optional polyethylene polymer component; (iv) wherein the wt % is relative to the third co-extrusion formulation.

[0039] Preferably the sealing film (5) has an overall thickness of 20 microns to 150 microns, more preferably 25-120 microns, yet more preferably 22-70 microns as measured after extrusion blowing but before lamination.

[0040] Preferably the middle layer of the sealing film (15) is thicker than either the sealing layer of the sealing film (17) or the laminating layer of the sealing film (13), preferably the middle layer (15) is thicker than both the sealing layer (17) and the laminating layer (13). The middle layer of the sealing film (15) can be from 1.1 to 3 fold, preferably from 1.2 to 2 fold thicker than either the sealing layer of the sealing film (17) or the laminating layer of the sealing film (13), preferably thicker than both.

[0041] Preferably the sealing film (5) comprises a high level of polyethylene to facilitate recycling. To this end, the sealing film (5) preferably comprises at least 85 wt % of polyethylene by weight of the sealing film (5), preferably at least 90 wt %, more preferably at least 95 wt %, yet more preferably at least 97 wt %, alternatively from 85 wt % to about 100 wt %. Yet more preferably the sealing film (5) is substantially free or free of PET, yet even more preferably substantially free or free of PP and PET.

[0042] Lamination

[0043] A lamination of the present invention is made by combining the printing film and the sealing film (as previously described). Multiple ways of laminating films are known in the art. For example, dry lamination, solventless lamination, and extrusion lamination are known ways of combining films to form the laminate. In one embodiment, the laminate comprises an adhesive layer adhering the printed film and the sealing layer, preferably wherein the adhesive is polyurethane-based for solvent-less lamination; and for dry lamination, the adhesive could be polyurethane-based (dissolved in organic solvents) or acrylic acid-based (dissolved in water). Solvent-based dry lamination typically uses a two component polyurethane adhesive. Water-based dry lamination typically uses acrylic based adhesives. Solvent-less lamination typically use a one or two component polyurethane adhesive. One example of such the 2-component polyurethane-based adhesive for solvent-less lamination is MOR-FREE 706A/Coreactant C-79 from Dow Chemical where MOR-FREE 706A provides the NCO component and the Coreactant C-79 provides the OH component for the formation of polyurethane. The adhesives may also be either bio-identical or bio-new materials. See e.g., Dow Chemical's soy-based polyol adhesives.

[0044] In one embodiment, the overall thickness of the laminate is 40 microns to 200 microns, preferably from 47 microns to 100 microns, more preferably from 52 microns to 95 microns. One suitable way to assess thickness is by SEM, in addition to various optical techniques.

[0045] Preferably the laminate comprises a high level of polyethylene to facilitate recycling. To this end, the laminate preferably comprises at least 85 wt % of polyethylene by weight of the laminate, preferably at least 90 wt %, more preferably at least 95 wt %, yet more preferably at least 97 wt %, alternatively from 85 wt % to about 100 wt %. Yet more preferably the laminate (1) is substantially free or free of PET, yet even more preferably substantially free or free of PP and PET.

[0046] Heat Sealing

[0047] The laminates of the present invention can form a direct contact heat seal between each other by direct contact heat sealing the sealing layers of the respective laminates. The term direct contact heat sealing means using a constantly heated die or bar to apply heat to a specific area to seal the laminates together to form a heat seal. This is in contrast to impulse sealing. Typically conditions exerted by a direct contact heat sealer for direct contact heat sealing two opposing laminates in an industrial scale include: a temperature from 95 C. to 130 C., preferably from 105 C. to 120 C., for a pressure from 1 bar (100 kPa) to 6 bar (600 kPa) pressure, preferably from 2 bar to 5 bar, for a duration from 0.1 second to 4 seconds, preferably from 0.2 seconds to 3 seconds, more preferably from 0.3 seconds to 2 seconds, yet still more preferably from 0.5 seconds to 1 seconds.

[0048] Turning to FIG. 2, a first laminate (19a) and a second laminate (19b) are shown having a direct contact heat seal (31) therein between. Specially, the direct contact heat seal is between a sealing layer (17a) of the first laminate (19a) and a sealing layer (17b) of the second laminate (19b). The first and second laminates (19a, 19b) are in between a first face of a direct contact heat sealer (31) and an opposing second face of the direct contact heat sealer (31). The first face of the direct contact heat sealer (31) makes physical contact with the surface film layer (7a) of the first laminate (19a) and the second face of the direct contact heat sealer (32) makes physical contact with the surface film layer (7b) of the second laminate (19b). Heat and pressure are applied, over a defined period of time, to impart the direct contact heat seal between the two laminates (19a, 19b). The first laminate is constructed of a first 3 layer co-extrusion blown printing film (3a) laminated to a first 3-layer co-extrusion blown sealing film (5a) forming a first lamination seal (19a) therein between. The second laminate is constructed of a second 3 layer co-extrusion blown printing film (3b) laminated to a second 3-layer co-extrusion blown sealing film (5b) forming a second lamination seal (19b) therein between.

[0049] Regarding the first printing film (3a), a first middle layer (9a) is in between the first surface layer (7a) and the first laminating layer (11a). Regarding the first sealing film (5a), the first middle layer (15a) is in between the first laminating layer (13a) and the first sealing layer (17a). The first laminating layer (11a) of the first printing film (3a) forms a first lamination seal (19a) with the first laminating layer (13a) of the first sealing film (5a). Regarding the second printing film (3b), a second middle layer (9b) is in between the second surface layer (7b) and the second laminating layer (11b). Regarding the second sealing film (5b), the second middle layer (15b) is in between the second laminating layer (13b) and the second sealing layer (17b). The second laminating layer (11b) of the second printing film (3b) forms a second lamination seal (19b) with the second laminating layer (13b) of the second sealing film (5b).

[0050] In another embodiment, the overall thickness of two laminates direct heat sealed together is 80 microns to 400 microns, preferably from 94 microns to 200 microns, more preferably from 104 microns to 190 microns. One suitable way to assess thickness is by SEM, in addition to various optical techniques.

Container

[0051] Another aspect of the invention provides laminates (of the present invention) constructed into a container, preferably into a bag, more preferably a bag suitable for containing dry laundry detergent, using direct contact heat sealing in the construction of at least one aspect of the container. The term bag is used herein the broadest sense to include pouches, gusset bags, wicket bags, standup bags, pillow bags, pillow pouches, etc. The containers or bags of the present invention may have an opening feature. The term opening feature is defined as an aid to opening the bag that includes a weakening of a selected opening trajectory on the laminates.

[0052] One suitable way of making a bag or pouch is described in US 2013/0177265 at paragraph 28 to 30. However, the corners of the bag may also contain right angles consistent with standard pouches (see FIGS. 3-5 of US 2013/0177265). Briefly, a laminate of the present invention may be formed into a pillow bag by pulling and/or stretching the laminate around a forming tube to form a tube out of the laminate. The tube is formed by sealing the edges of the laminate in any direction such as the machine direction at any point or continuously, and/or by sealing the edges in the cross direction at either the leading edge and/or the trailing edge. The forming tube doubles as a filling tube, through which the product (e.g., dry laundry detergent) to be contained in the bag is then filled into the tube. The laminate is pulled or advanced in the machine direction, and the sealing jaw (of a direct contact heat sealer) simultaneously seals and cuts the trailing portion of the tube in the cross direction (i.e., orthogonal to the machine direction). This simultaneously releases the filled bag and forms a new seal at the leading edge. Machinery and techniques for forming such filled bags are often referred to as auto-packing machines and are well known in the art and are available from multiple suppliers around the world. Auto-packing machines are also often described in the industry as in-line packing and sealing machines, and/or vertical form-fill-seal (VFFS) machines.

Container Containing Product

[0053] The containers of the present invention, especially bags, may contain relatively large amount of product. For example, the containers of the present invention may contain from 0.25 kg to 5 kg of product, preferably from 0.5 kg to 4 kg, more preferably from 0.5 kg to 4 kg, yet more preferably from 0.75 kg to 3 kg, alternatively from 1 kg to 3 kg, alternatively from 1 kg to 2 kg of product contained within the container (e.g., bag). Relatively large amounts of product include dry laundry detergent powder.

[0054] The containers of the present invention, especially bags, may have a total surface area from 1,600 cm.sup.2 to 2,600 cm.sup.2, preferably from 1,800 cm.sup.2 to 2,400 cm.sup.2, more preferably from 1,950 cm.sup.2 to 2,250 cm.sup.2, alternatively combinations thereof. Alternatively the total surface area of the container is from 2,000 cm.sup.2 to 2,200 cm.sup.2, alternatively from 2,100 cm.sup.2 to 2,300 cm.sup.2, alternatively from 2,000 cm.sup.2 to 2,300 cm.sup.2, alternatively combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the bag or container may have a plurality of pin holes to allow venting gases to escape from the interior of the bag or release gas that may have been captured during the packing process (i.e., to minimize volume for more efficient transportation).

[0055] The containers of the present invention, especially bags, may have a volume from 0.25 liters (l) to 5 l of product, preferably from 0.5 l to 4 l, more preferably from 0.5 l to 4 l, yet more preferably from 0.75 l to 3 l, alternatively from 1 l to 3 l, alternatively from 1 l to 2 l of product contained within the container (e.g., bag).

EXAMPLES

[0056] Non-limiting examples of three layer co-extrusion blown printing films and three layer co-extrusion sealing films of the present invention are provided in Tables 1 and 2 below, respectively.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Three layer co-extrusion blown printing films: Overall Layer Components.sup.F (weight %) Layer Thickness.sup.A Film Film Bimodal M- Distribution.sup.G (microns) Type Layer C4LLDPE.sup.B LLDPE.sup.C HDPE.sup.D LDPE.sup.E (microns) 25 Glossy Surface 0 85 0 15 7.14 Middle 0 50 25 25 10.71 Laminating 0 25 50 25 7.14 Overall: 0 52.9 25.0 22.1 30 Glossy Surface 0 85 0 15 8.57 Middle 0 50 25 25 12.86 Laminating 0 25 50 25 8.57 Overall: 0 52.9 25.0 22.1 30 Matte Surface 100 0 0 0 8.57 Middle 25 50 25 0 12.86 Laminating 25 25 50 0 8.57 Overall: 46.4 28.6 25.0 0 .sup.AThickness is measured after extrusion-blowing (but before lamination and before direct contact heat sealing). .sup.BBimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene from Borourge FB2230. .sup.CMetallocene linear low density polyethylene from Dow Chemical: Dow5538 .sup.DHigh density polyethylene from ExxonMobil: HTA 108 .sup.ELow density polyethylene from ExxonMobil: LDPE 150 BW. .sup.EExclusive of slip agents other adjunct ingredients that total less than 1 wt % of the total film weight. .sup.GTheoretical.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Three layer co-extrusion blown sealing films: Overall Layer Components.sup.F (weight %) Layer Thickness.sup.A White Bimodal Distribution.sup.G (microns) Film Layer Plastomer.sup.B MB.sup.C C4LLDPE.sup.D HDPE.sup.E (microns) 25 Laminating 0 0 75 25 7.14 Middle 0 20 80 0 10.71 Sealing 50 0 50 0 7.14 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1 50 Laminating 0 0 75 25 14.29 Middle 0 20 80 0 21.43 Sealing 50 0 50 0 14.29 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1 100% 70 Laminating 0 0 75 25 20 Middle 0 20 80 0 30 Sealing 50 0 50 0 20 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1 100% .sup.AThickness is measured after extrusion-blowing (but before lamination and before direct contact heat sealing). .sup.BPlastomer is from The Dow Chemical Company: Affinity PL 1881G (polyolefin plastomer), density at 0.904 g/cm.sup.3 per ASTM D792. See also Dow Technical Information Form No. 400-00071424en, rev: Jan. 11, 2012. .sup.CWhite master batch including titanium dioxide in a LDPE and/or LLDP carrier. One suitable example is 7M1508 from Shang Hai JinZhu Master Batch Company (China). .sup.DBimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene from Borourge FB2230. .sup.EHigh density polyethylene from ExxonMobil: HTA 108. .sup.FExclusive of slip agents (e.g., oleamide or erucamide), antiblock (e.g., silica) and other adjunct ingredients that total less than 1 wt % of the total film weight. .sup.GTheoretical.

[0057] Turning to Tables 3A to 3D, laminates are made by laminating printing films and sealing films described above by conventional water-based dry lamination, and then direct contact heat sealed. Specific conditions of the direct contact heat sealing are: Tables 3A and 3C are at a direct contact heat seal temperature of 120 C., at 3 bar pressure, and for time duration of 0.5 seconds; while Tables 3B and 3D are at a direct contact heat seal temperature of 140 C., at 3 bar pressure, and for time duration of 0.5 seconds. A direct contact heat seal is formed between each of the laminates respective sealing layers. The strength of the direct contact heat seal is tested according to ASTM F-88M-09 (Standard Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials).

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3A Direct contact heat seal strength of matte finish laminate is provided, wherein the laminate has: (i) 25 micron thick three layer co-extrusion blown printing film of a matte film type of Table 1 above; and (ii) 25 micron thick three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film identified in Table 2 above. Matte finish laminate having overall thickness of 50 microns* Seal Strength (N/inch) Cross Direction Machine Direction Number of samples test 15 15 (N=) Average 34.2 44.5 Minimum 33.0 40.3 Maximum 35.5 46.3 *Overall thickness of the laminate is a result of measuring the overall thickness of the printing film and the sealing film after lamination.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 3B Direct contact heat seal strength of glossy finish laminate is provided, wherein the laminate has: (i) 30 micron thick three layer co-extrusion blown printing film of a glossy film type of Table 1 above; and (ii) 50 micron thick three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film identified in Table 2 above. Glossy finish laminate having overall thickness of 80 microns* Seal Strength (N/inch) Cross Direction Machine Direction Number of samples test (N=) 15 15 Average 36.5 46.0 Minimum 34.5 43.8 Maximum 39.1 46.9 *Overall thickness of the laminate is a result of measuring the overall thickness of the printing film and the sealing film after lamination.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 3C Direct contact heat seal strength of glossy finish laminate is provided, wherein the laminate has: (i) 25 micron thick three layer co-extrusion blown printing film of a glossy film type of Table 1 above; and (ii) 25 micron thick three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film identified in Table 2 above. Glossy finish laminate having overall thickness of 50 microns* Seal Strength (N/inch) Cross Direction Machine Direction Number of samples test (N=) 15 15 Average 25.0 34.9 Minimum 23.9 32.8 Maximum 25.9 37.9 *Overall thickness of the laminate is a result of measuring the overall thickness of the printing film and the sealing film after lamination.

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 3D Direct contact heat seal strength of matte finish laminate is provided, wherein the laminate has: (i) 30 micron thick three layer co-extrusion blown printing film of a matte film type of Table 1 above; and (ii) 70 micron thick three layer co-extrusion blown sealing film identified in Table 2 above. Matte finish laminate having overall thickness of 100 microns* Seal Strength (N/inch) Cross Direction Machine Direction Number of samples test (N=) 15 15 Average 38.3 47.0 Minimum 36.7 45.9 Maximum 39.6 48.9 *Overall thickness of the laminate is a result of measuring the overall thickness of the printing film and the sealing film after lamination.

[0058] One aspect of the invention provides for a direct heat seal in the sealing layers of the respective laminates (or in a container made from respective laminates), wherein the direct contact heat seal is characterized by having an average direct contact heat seal strength according to ASTM F-88M-09 of either: (i) at least 15 N/inch, preferably at least 23 N/inch, more preferably at least 25 N/inch, alternatively at least 35 N/inch, alternatively at least 36 N/inch, in the cross direction; or (ii) at least 20 N/inch, preferably at least 25 N/inch, more preferably at least 30 N/inch, alternatively at least 34 N/inch, alternatively at least 45 N/inch, in the machine direction; and preferably the direct contact heat seal strengths of both the aforementioned cross direction and the machine direction.

[0059] Turning to Table 4 and Tables 5a1-5g2, pillow bags filled with dry laundry detergent product are made from various laminates and are: (i) evaluated for wrinkleswhich are unacceptable from a consumer visual perspective connoting low quality; and (ii) subjected to a Drop Testto assess whether the bag can withstand typically forces associated with manufacture, and shipping and handling. Both tests are a pass/fail tests. The Drop Test, as herein defined, is conducted on the manufacturing packing line by an employee manually holding a secondary bag that holds, a plurality of the subject pillow bags containing product, totaling about 12 kg of weight. The secondary bag is a typical polywoven shipping bag. The employee raises the secondary bag (containing the 12 kg of pillow bags containing product) 1 meter above the ground and then drops the secondary bag to the ground. This is repeated for a total of three times. The test is a pass/fail test. If any portion of the pillow bag(s) visibly shows any breakage, then the bag fails the test. The subject pillow bags are a variety of sizes but will contain from 1.7 kg to 2.8 kg of dry laundry detergent. The pillow bags generally have two types of direct contact heat seals. A first type is at the top and bottom of the bag. The top direct contact seal is horizontally across the pillow bag and is the location of the handle. The bottom direct contact is seal is also horizontally across the pillow bag but at the bottom of the pillow bag (and opposing the top direct contact seal). Zigzag direct contact heat sealer is used for the top and bottom direct contact heat seals of the pillow bag. An example of a zigzag direct contact heat sealer is described in the publication of international application number PCT/CN2015/076052 (P&G Case AA922M) at page 16 to 17, and FIG. 4 thereof. The direct contact heat sealing conditions for this first type are direct contact sealing the sealing layers of the respective laminates at a temperature of 115 C., for a pressure of 5 bar, for 0.45 seconds. A second type of direct contact seal is vertically down the back of the pillow bag (between the top and bottom direct contact heat seals), a so-called fin seal. A flat direct contact sealer is used for the fin seal. The direct contact heat sealing conditions for this second type are direct contact sealing the sealing layers of the respective laminates at a temperature of 115 C., for a pressure of 5 bar, for 0.50 seconds. The pillow bags are made consistent with conventional VFFS systems employing direct contact heat sealers.

[0060] Table 4 summarizes the results (pass/fail) for wrinkles and the Drop Test for various laminates. Tables 5a1-5g2 describe the various printing films and sealing films used to make the laminates tested in Table 4.

[0061] Table 4: Summarizes the results from seven legs looking at various laminates. In short, legs 1-5 failed for either having wrinkles and/or failing the Drop Test. Only legs 6-7 passed. Accordingly, those laminates tested in legs 1-5 are outside the scope of the invention. Pillow bags are made by a conventional VFFS method employing direct contact heat sealing. See for example 1, at page 11 of WO 2012/094791 but a curved seal (132) is not employed, but rather a standard square one. The printing film and the sealing film are laminated by conventional water-based dry lamination. Direct contact heat sealing conditions for each leg are specified.

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 4 Results of seven legs at various laminates regarding wrinkles and Drop Test. Plastomer Type and wt % in sealing Printing Sealing layer of Film Layer Layer sealing film Leg Type ID ID of laminate Results: 1 Matte A B Mitsui SP0510 Fail: Wrinkles and 50 wt % Drop Test 2 Glossy C B Mitsui SP0510 Fail: Fail: Wrinkles 50 wt % and Drop Test 3 Glossy D E Dow1881G* Fail: Drop Test 20 wt % 4 Glossy D F Dow1881G Fail: Wrinkles 60 wt % 5 Matte G F Dow1881G Fail: Wrinkles 60 wt % 6 Glossy H J Dow1881G Pass I K 50 wt % I L 7 Matte M K Dow1881G Pass M L 50 wt % N J The Mitsui SP0510 plastomer is from Mitsui Chemicals. * The Dow1881G plastomer is from The Dow Chemical Company: Affinity PL 1881G (polyolefin plastomer), density at 0.904 g/cm.sup.3 per ASTM D792. See also Dow Technical Information Form No. 400-00071424en, rev: Jan. 11, 2012.

[0062] Tables 5a1-5g2 describe the printing layer of sealing layer of the laminates used to make the pillow bags tested in Legs 1-7 in above Table 4. Definitions of various terms used in the Tables 5a1-5g2 are provided.

[0063] Mitsui Plastomer means Mitsui SP0510 from Mitsui Chemicals.

[0064] Dow 1881 means Affinity PL 1881G from The Dow Chemical Company.

[0065] White MB means white master batch including titanium dioxide in a LDPE and/or LLDP carrier. One suitable supplier is 7M1508 from Shang Hai JinZhu Master Batch Company (China).

[0066] Overall Thickness is measured post lamination and is in microns.

[0067] Layer Distribution is theoretical and is in microns.

[0068] Regular C4-C6 LLDPE is ExxonMobil.

[0069] Bimodal Middle Density PE is Borourge FB2230.

[0070] LDPE is low density polyethylene from ExxonMobil: LDPE 150 BW.

[0071] Bimodal C4LLDPE means bimodal butene linear lower density polyethylene from Borourge FB2230.

[0072] HDPE means high density polyethylene from ExxonMobil: HTA 108

[0073] LDPE means low density polyethylene from ExxonMobil: LDPE 150 BW.

[0074] M-LLDPE means metallocene linear low density polyethylene from Dow Chemical: Dow5538

[0075] Layer Components are exclusive of slip agents other adjunct ingredients that total less than 1 wt % of the total film weight.

[0076] The printing and sealing layers from Legs 1-7 are described.

Leg 1: Printing Layer and Sealing Layer Defined:

[0077]

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 5a1 Printing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Layer Components Overall (weight %) Layer Thick- Film Film Regular Distri- ID ness Type Layer C4-C6 LLDPE LDPE bution A 30 Glossy Surface 75 25 8.57 Middle 75 25 12.86 Laminating 75 25 8.57 Overall: 75 25

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 5a2 Sealing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Overall Layer Components (weight %) Thick- Film Mitsui White Bimodal Layer ID ness Layer Plastomer MB C4LLDPE M-LLDPE LDPE Distribution B 50 Lamin- 0 0 75 25 0 14.29 ating Middle 0 20 0 0 80 21.43 Sealing 50 0 0 25 25 14.29 Overall: 14 9 21 14 41

Leg 2: Printing Layer and Sealing Layer Defined:

[0078]

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 5b1 Printing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Layer Components Overall (weight %) Thick- Film Bimodal Middle Layer ID ness Type Film Layer Density PE Distribution C 30 Matte Surface 100 8.57 Middle 100 12.86 Laminating 100 8.57 Overall:

TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 5b2 Sealing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Overall Layer Components (weight %) Thick- Film Mitsui White Bimodal M- Layer ID ness Layer Plastomer MB C4LLDPE LLDPE LDPE Distribution B 50 Laminating 0 0 75 25 0 14.29 Middle 0 20 0 0 80 21.43 Sealing 50 0 0 25 25 14.29 Overall: 14.3 8.6 21.4 14.3 41.4

Leg 3: Printing Layer and Sealing Layer Defined:

[0079]

TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 5c1 Printing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Layer Components (weight %) Overall Regular Layer Thick- Film C4-C6 Distri- ID ness Type Film Layer HDPE LLDPE LDPE bution D 30 Glossy Surface 0 75 25 8.57 Middle 50 25 25 12.86 Laminating 25 50 25 8.57 Overall: 28.6 46.4 25.0

TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 5c2 Sealing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Layer Components (weight %) Overall Film Dow 1881 White Bimodal Layer ID Thickness Layer Plastomer MB C4LLDPE HDPE Distribution E 50 Laminating 0 0 75 25 14.29 Middle 0 20 80 0 21.43 Sealing 20 0 80 0 14.29 Overall: 5.7 8.6 78.6 7.1

Leg 4: Printing Layer and Sealing Layer Defined:

[0080]

TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 5d1 Printing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Layer Components (weight %) Overall Regular Layer Thick- Film C4-C6 Distri- ID ness Type Film Layer HDPE LLDPE LDPE bution D 30 Glossy Surface 0 75 25 8.57 Middle 50 25 25 12.86 Laminating 25 50 25 8.57 Overall: 28 46.4 25.0

TABLE-US-00015 TABLE 5d2 Sealing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Layer Components (weight %) Overall Dow 1881 White Bimodal Layer ID Thickness Film Layer Plastomer MB C4LLDPE HDPE Distribution F 50 Laminating 0 0 75 25 14.29 Middle 0 20 80 0 21.43 Sealing 60 0 40 0 14.29 Overall: 17.1 8.6 67.2 7.1

Leg 5: Printing Layer and Sealing Layer Defined:

[0081]

TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 5e1 Printing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Layer Components Overall (weight %) Thick- Film Bimodal Layer ID ness Type Film Layer C4 LLDPE Distribution G 30 Glossy Surface 100 8.57 Middle 100 12.86 Laminating 100 8.57 Overall: 100

TABLE-US-00017 TABLE 5e2 Sealing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Layer Components (weight %) Overall Dow 1881 White Bimodal C4 Layer ID Thickness Film Layer Plastomer MB LLDPE HDPE Distribution F 50 Laminating 0 0 75 25 14.29 Middle 0 20 80 0 21.43 Sealing 60 0 40 0 14.29 Overall: 17.1 8.6 67.2 7.1

Leg 6: Printing Layer and Sealing Layer Defined:

[0082]

TABLE-US-00018 TABLE 5f1 Printing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Overall Layer Components (weight %) Layer Thick- Film Bimodal M- Distri- ID ness Type Film Layer C4LLDPE LLDPE HDPE LDPE bution H 25 Glossy Surface 0 85 0 15 7.14 Middle 0 50 25 25 10.71 Laminating 0 25 50 25 7.14 Overall: 0 52.9 25.0 22.1 I 30 Glossy Surface 0 85 0 15 8.57 Middle 0 50 25 25 12.86 Laminating 0 25 50 25 8.57 Overall: 0 52.9 25.0 22.1

TABLE-US-00019 TABLE 5f2 Sealing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Overall Thick- Layer Components (weight %) Layer ness Dow 1881 White Bimodal C4 Distri- ID (microns) Film Layer Plastomer MB LLDPE HDPE bution J 25 Laminating 0 0 75 25 7.14 Middle 0 20 80 0 10.71 Sealing 50 0 50 0 7.14 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1 K 50 Laminating 0 0 75 25 14.29 Middle 0 20 80 0 21.43 Sealing 50 0 50 0 14.29 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1 L 70 Laminating 0 0 75 25 20 Middle 0 20 80 0 30 Sealing 50 0 50 0 20 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1

Leg 7: Printing Layer and Sealing Layer Defined:

[0083]

TABLE-US-00020 TABLE 5g1 Printing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Overall Layer Components (weight %) Layer Thick- Film Bimodal M- Distri- ID ness Type Film Layer C4LLDPE LLDPE HDPE LDPE bution M 30 Matt Surface 100 0 0 0 8.57 Middle 25 50 25 0 12.86 Laminating 25 25 50 0 8.57 Overall: 46.4 28.6 25.0 0 N 25 Matt Surface 100 0 0 0 7.14 Middle 25 50 25 0 10.71 Lamin-ating 25 25 50 0 7.14 Overall: 46.4 28.6 25.0 0

TABLE-US-00021 TABLE 5g2 Sealing Layer Co-extrusion Blown Film: Overall Layer Components (weight %) Thick- Dow 1881 White Bimodal Layer ID ness Film Layer Plastomer MB C4 LLDPE HDPE Distribution J 25 Laminating 0 0 75 25 7.14 Middle 0 20 80 0 10.71 Sealing 50 0 50 0 7.14 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1 K 50 Laminating 0 0 75 25 14.29 Middle 0 20 80 0 21.43 Sealing 50 0 50 0 14.29 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1 L 70 Laminating 0 0 75 25 20 Middle 0 20 80 0 30 Sealing 50 0 50 0 20 Overall: 14.3 8.6 70.0 7.1

[0084] One aspect of the present invention provides for a container, wherein the container having a direct contact heat seal between a first and second laminate of the present invention, wherein the container passes the Drop Test (as earlier described). Another aspect provides such a container without visible (with the unaided eye) wrinkles.

[0085] One variable that ostensibly influenced the results of Table 4 is the type of plastomer used. Specially, Dow 1881 (Affinity PL 1881G from The Dow Chemical Company) is preferred over Mitsui Plastomer (Mitsui .sup.SP0510 from Mitsui Chemicals). In the specification literature from the respective manufactures, Dow 1881 is reported to have a density of 0.902 g/cm.sup.3 base value according to ASTM D792. In contrast, Mitsui Plastomer has a density of 0.904 g/cm.sup.3 according to ISO1183. Accordingly, the density of the plastomer may an important factor on direct contact heat sealing in the context of the present invention. One aspect of the present invention provides the use of a plastomer (in the sealing layer, of the sealing film, (of the laminate)) that is a polyolefin plastomer, wherein the polyolefin plastomer has a density of 0.902 g/cm.sup.3 base value according to ASTM D792.

[0086] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as 40 mm is intended to mean about 40 mm.

[0087] Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application and any patent application or patent to which this application claims priority or benefit thereof, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.

[0088] While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.