Preservation system for nutritional substances

Abstract

Disclosed herein is preservation system for nutritional substances. The preservation system obtains information about the nutritional substance to be preserved, senses and measures the external environment to the preservation system, senses and measures the internal environment to the preservation system, senses and measures the state of the nutritional substance, and stores such information throughout the period of preservation. Using this accumulated information, the preservation system can measure, or estimate, changes in nutritional content (usually degradation) during the period of preservation. Additionally, the preservation system can use this information to dynamically modify the preservation system to minimize detrimental changes to the nutritional content of the nutritional substance, and in some cases actually improve the nutritional substance attributes.

Claims

1. A method of determining nutritional or organoleptic values of nutritional substances comprising the steps of: initially freezing a nutritional substance utilizing a type of freezing and storing the nutritional substance in a frozen state following the initial freezing; determining an estimated change in nutritional value resulting from the initial freezing of the nutritional substance based on prior freezing of a test nutritional substance that is the same type as the nutritional substance; determining an estimated change in nutritional value resulting from the storing of the nutritional substance in the frozen state based on information relating to a time and a temperature of the frozen storage, the estimated change in nutritional value based on prior storing of a test nutritional substance that is the same type as the nutritional substance; retrieving a baseline nutritional value of the nutritional substance the baseline nutritional value determined based on prior testing of nutritional substance that is the same type and from the same source as the nutritional substance; determining an overall change in nutritional value based on the change in nutritional value resulting from the initial freezing of the nutritional substance and the change in nutritional value resulting from the storing of the nutritional substance in the frozen state; determining a current nutritional value based on the overall change in nutritional value and the baseline nutritional value and storing the current nutritional value referenced to a dynamic information identifier in a database; receiving a request for the current nutritional value from a consumer; and transmitting, in response to the request, the current nutritional value from the database and the overall change in nutritional value for display to the consumer.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said type freezing comprises liquid nitrogen freezing.

3. A method according to claim 1 wherein: said type of freezing comprises CAS freezing.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the nutritional value is based on water content.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, exemplify the embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain and illustrate principles of the invention. The drawings are intended to illustrate major features of the exemplary embodiments in a diagrammatic manner. The drawings are not intended to depict every feature of actual embodiments nor relative dimensions of the depicted elements, and are not drawn to scale.

(2) FIG. 1 shows a schematic functional block diagram of a nutritional substance supply system relating to the present invention;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a graph representing a value of a nutritional substance which changes according to a change of condition for the nutritional substance;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to the present invention;

(5) FIG. 4 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;

(6) FIG. 5 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;

(8) FIG. 7 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;

(9) FIG. 8 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;

(10) FIG. 9 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;

(11) FIG. 10 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;

(12) FIG. 11 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;

(13) FIG. 12 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention; and

(14) FIG. 13 shows a schematic functional block diagram of the preservation module 300 according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.

(15) FIG. 14 shows a flow chart of steps that a nutritional substance may go through on its journey through the nutritional substance supply system.

(16) In the drawings, the same reference numbers and any acronyms identify elements or acts with the same or similar structure or functionality for ease of understanding and convenience. To easily identify the discussion of any particular element or act, the most significant digit or digits in a reference number refer to the Figure number in which that element is first introduced.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(17) Various examples of the invention will now be described. The following description provides specific details for a thorough understanding and enabling description of these examples. One skilled in the relevant art will understand, however, that the invention may be practiced without many of these details. Likewise, one skilled in the relevant art will also understand that the invention can include many other obvious features not described in detail herein. Additionally, some well-known structures or functions may not be shown or described in detail below, so as to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the relevant description.

(18) The terminology used below is to be interpreted in its broadest reasonable manner, even though it is being used in conjunction with a detailed description of certain specific examples of the invention. Indeed, certain terms may even be emphasized below; however, any terminology intended to be interpreted in any restricted manner will be overtly and specifically defined as such in this Detailed Description section.

(19) The following discussion provides a brief, general description of a representative environment in which the invention can be implemented. Although not required, aspects of the invention may be described below in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as routines executed by a general-purpose data processing device (e.g., a server computer or a personal computer). Those skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that the invention can be practiced with other communications, data processing, or computer system configurations, including: wireless devices, Internet appliances, hand-held devices (including personal digital assistants (PDAs)), wearable computers, all manner of cellular or mobile phones, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, set-top boxes, network PCs, mini-computers, mainframe computers, and the like. Indeed, the terms controller, computer, server, and the like are used interchangeably herein, and may refer to any of the above devices and systems.

(20) While aspects of the invention, such as certain functions, are described as being performed exclusively on a single device, the invention can also be practiced in distributed environments where functions or modules are shared among disparate processing devices. The disparate processing devices are linked through a communications network, such as a Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), or the Internet. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.

(21) Aspects of the invention may be stored or distributed on tangible computer-readable media, including magnetically or optically readable computer discs, hard-wired or preprogrammed chips (e.g., EEPROM semiconductor chips), nanotechnology memory, biological memory, or other data storage media. Alternatively, computer implemented instructions, data structures, screen displays, and other data related to the invention may be distributed over the Internet or over other networks (including wireless networks), on a propagated signal on a propagation medium (e.g., an electromagnetic wave(s), a sound wave, etc.) over a period of time. In some implementations, the data may be provided on any analog or digital network (packet switched, circuit switched, or other scheme).

(22) In some instances, the interconnection between modules is the internet, allowing the modules (with, for example, WiFi capability) to access web content offered through various web servers. The network may be any type of cellular, IP-based or converged telecommunications network, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Evolution-Data Optimized (EVDO), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA), etc.

(23) The modules in the systems can be understood to be integrated in some instances and in particular embodiments, only particular modules may be interconnected.

(24) FIG. 1 shows the components of a nutritional substance industry 10. It should be understood that this could be the food and beverage ecosystem for human consumption, but could also be the feed industry for animal consumption, such as the pet food industry. A goal of the present invention for nutritional substance industry 10 is to create, preserve, transform and trace the change in nutritional, organoleptic and/or aesthetic values of nutritional substances, collectively and individually also referred to herein as N, through their creation, preservation, transformation, conditioning and consumption. While the nutritional substance industry 10 can be composed of many companies or businesses, it can also be integrated into combinations of business serving many roles, or can be one business or even individual. Since N is a measure of the change in a value of a nutritional substance, knowledge of a prior value (or state) of a nutritional substance and the N value will provide knowledge of the changed value (or state) of a nutritional substance, and can further provide the ability to estimate a change in value (or state).

(25) Module 200 is the creation module. This can be a system, organization, or individual which creates and/or originates nutritional substances. Examples of this module include a farm which grows produce; a ranch which raises beef; an aquaculture farm for growing shrimp; a factory that synthesizes nutritional compounds; a collector of wild truffles; or a deep sea crab trawler.

(26) Preservation module 300 is a preservation system for preserving and protecting the nutritional substances created by creation module 200. Once the nutritional substance has been created, generally, it will need to be packaged in some manner for its transition to other modules in the nutritional substances industry 10. While preservation module 300 is shown in a particular position in the nutritional substance industry 10, following the creation module 200, it should be understood that the preservation module 300 actually can be placed anywhere nutritional substances need to be preserved during their transition from creation to consumption.

(27) Transformation module 400 is a nutritional substance processing system, such as a manufacturer who processes raw materials such as grains into breakfast cereals. Transformation module 400 could also be a ready-to-eat dinner manufacturer who receives the components, or ingredients, also referred to herein as component nutritional substances, for a ready-to-eat dinner from preservation module 300 and prepares them into a frozen dinner. While transformation module 400 is depicted as one module, it will be understood that nutritional substances may be transformed by a number of transformation modules 400 on their path to consumption.

(28) Conditioning module 500 is a consumer preparation system for preparing the nutritional substance immediately before consumption by the consumer. Conditioning module 500 can be a microwave oven, a blender, a toaster, a convection oven, a cook, etc. It can also be systems used by commercial establishments to prepare nutritional substance for consumers such as a restaurant, an espresso maker, pizza oven, and other devices located at businesses which provide nutritional substances to consumers. Such nutritional substances could be for consumption at the business or for the consumer to take out from the business. Conditioning module 500 can also be a combination of any of these devices used to prepare nutritional substances for consumption by consumers.

(29) Consumer module 600 collects information from the living entity which consumes the nutritional substance which has passed through the various modules from creation to consumption. The consumer can be a human being, but could also be an animal, such as pets, zoo animals and livestock, which are they themselves nutritional substances for other consumption chains. Consumers could also be plant life which consumes nutritional substances to grow.

(30) Information module 100 receives and transmits information regarding a nutritional substance between each of the modules in the nutritional substance industry 10 including, the creation module 200, the preservation module 300, the transformation module 400, the conditioning module 500, and the consumer module 600. The nutritional substance information module 100 can be an interconnecting information transmission system which allows the transmission of information between various modules. Information module 100 contains a database, also referred to herein as a dynamic nutritional value database, where the information regarding the nutritional substance resides. Information module 100 can be connected to the other modules by a variety of communication systems, such as paper, computer networks, the internet and telecommunication systems, such as wireless telecommunication systems. In a system capable of receiving and processing real time consumer feedback and updates regarding changes in the nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value of nutritional substances, or N, consumers can even play a role in updating a dynamic nutritional value database with observed or measured information about the nutritional substances they have purchased and/or prepared for consumption, so that the information is available and useful to others in the nutritional substance supply system, such as through reports reflecting the consumer input or through modification of N.

(31) FIG. 2 is a graph showing the function of how a nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of a nutritional substance varies over the change in a condition of the nutritional substance. Plotted on the vertical axis of this graph can be either the nutritional value, organoleptic value, or even the aesthetic value of a nutritional substance. Plotted on the horizontal axis can be the change in condition of the nutritional substance over a variable such as time, temperature, location, and/or exposure to environmental conditions. This exposure to environmental conditions can include: exposure to air, including the air pressure and partial pressures of oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, or ozone; airborne chemicals, pollutants, allergens, dust, smoke, carcinogens, radioactive isotopes, or combustion byproducts; exposure to moisture; exposure to energy such as mechanical impact, mechanical vibration, irradiation, heat, or sunlight; or exposure to materials such as packaging. The function plotted as nutritional substance A could show a N for milk, such as the degradation of a nutritional value of milk over time. Any point on this curve can be compared to another point to measure and/or describe the change in nutritional value, or the N of nutritional substance A. The plot of the degradation in the same nutritional value of nutritional substance B, also milk, describes the change in nutritional value, or the N of nutritional substance B, a nutritional substance which starts out with a higher nutritional value than nutritional substance A, but degrades over time more quickly than nutritional substance A.

(32) In this example, where nutritional substance A and nutritional substance B are milk, this N information regarding the nutritional substance degradation profile of each milk could be used by the consumer in the selection and/or consumption of the milk. If the consumer has this information at time zero when selecting a milk product for purchase, the consumer could consider when the consumer plans to consume the milk, whether that is on one occasion or multiple occasions. For example, if the consumer planned to consume the milk prior to the point when the curve represented by nutritional substance B crosses the curve represented by nutritional substance A, then the consumer should choose the milk represented by nutritional substance B because it has a higher nutritional value until it crosses the curve represented by nutritional substance A. However, if the consumer expects to consume at least some of the milk at a point in time after the time when the curve represented by nutritional substance B crosses the curve represented by nutritional substance A, then the consumer might choose to select the milk represented by the nutritional substance A, even though milk represented by nutritional substance A has a lower nutritional value than the milk represented by nutritional substance B at an earlier time. This change to a desired nutritional value in a nutritional substance over a change in a condition of the nutritional substance described in FIG. 2 can be measured and/or controlled throughout nutritional substance supply system 10 in FIG. 1. This example demonstrates how dynamically generated information regarding a N of a nutritional substance, in this case a change in nutritional value of milk, can be used to understand a rate at which that nutritional value changes or degrades; when that nutritional value expires; and a residual nutritional value of the nutritional substance over a change in a condition of the nutritional substance, in this example a change in time. This N information could further be used to determine a best consumption date for nutritional substance A and B, which could be different from each other depending upon the dynamically generated information generated for each.

(33) In FIG. 1, Creation module 200 can dynamically encode nutritional substances to enable the tracking of changes in nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value of the nutritional substance, or N. This dynamic encoding, also referred to herein as a dynamic information identifier, can replace and/or complement existing nutritional substance marking systems such as barcodes, labels, and/or ink markings. This dynamic encoding, or dynamic information identifier, can be used to make nutritional substance information from creation module 200 available to information module 100 for use by preservation module 300, transformation module 400, conditioning module 500, and/or consumption module 600, which includes the ultimate consumer of the nutritional substance. One method of marking the nutritional substance with a dynamic information identifier by creation module 200, or any other module in nutritional supply system 10, could include an electronic tagging system, such as the tagging system manufactured by Kovio of San Jose, Calif., USA. Such thin film chips can be used not only for tracking nutritional substances, but can include components to measure attributes of nutritional substances, and record and transmit such information. Such information may be readable by a reader including a satellite-based system. Such a satellite-based nutritional substance information tracking system could comprise a network of satellites with coverage of some or all the surface of the earth, so as to allow the dynamic nutritional value database of information module 100 real time, or near real time updates about a N of a particular nutritional substance.

(34) Preservation module 300 includes packers and shippers of nutritional substances. The tracking of changes in nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values, or a N, during the preservation period within preservation module 300 allows for dynamic expiration dates for nutritional substances. For example, expiration dates for dairy products are currently based generally only on time using assumptions regarding minimal conditions at which dairy products are maintained. This extrapolated expiration date is based on a worst-case scenario for when the product becomes unsafe to consume during the preservation period. In reality, the degradation of dairy products may be significantly less than this worst-case. If preservation module 300 could measure or derive the actual degradation information such as N, an actual expiration date, referred to herein as a dynamic expiration date, can be determined dynamically, and could be significantly later in time than an extrapolated expiration date. This would allow the nutritional substance supply system to dispose of fewer products due to expiration dates. This ability to dynamically generate expiration dates for nutritional substances is of particular significance when nutritional substances contain few or no preservatives. Such products are highly valued throughout nutritional substance supply system 10, including consumers who are willing to pay a premium for nutritional substances with few or no preservatives.

(35) It should be noted that a dynamic expiration date need not be indicated numerically (i.e., as a numerical date) but could be indicated symbolically as by the use of colorssuch as green, yellow and red employed on semaphoresor other designations. In those instances, the dynamic expiration date would not be interpreted literally but, rather, as a dynamically-determined advisory date. In practice a dynamic expiration date will be provided for at least one component of a single or multi-component nutritional substance. For multi-component nutritional substances, the dynamic expiration date could be interpreted as a best date for consumption for particular components.

(36) By law, in many localities, food processors such as those in transformation module 400 are required to provide nutritional substance information regarding their products. Often, this information takes the form of a nutritional table applied to the packaging of the nutritional substance. Currently, the information in this nutritional table is based on averages or minimums for their typical product. Using the nutritional substance information from information module 100 provided by creation module 200, preservation module 300, and/or information from the transformation of the nutritional substance by transformation module 400, the food processor could include a dynamically generated nutritional value table, also referred to herein as a dynamic nutritional value table, for the actual nutritional substance being supplied. The information in such a dynamic nutritional value table could be used by conditioning module 500 in the preparation of the nutritional substance, and/or used by consumption module 600, so as to allow the ultimate consumer the ability to select the most desirable nutritional substance which meets their needs, and/or to track information regarding nutritional substances consumed.

(37) Information about changes in nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values of nutritional substances, or N, is particularly useful in the conditioning module 500 of the present invention, as it allows knowing, or estimating, the pre-conditioning state of the nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values of the nutritional substance, and allows for estimation of a N associated with proposed conditioning parameters. The conditioning module 500 can therefore create conditioning parameters, such as by modifying existing or baseline conditioning parameters, to deliver desired nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values after conditioning. The pre-conditioning state of the nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value of a nutritional substance is not tracked or provided to the consumer by existing conditioners, nor is the N expected from a proposed conditioning tracked or provided to the consumer either before or after conditioning. However, using information provided by information module 100 from creation module 200, preservation module 300, transformation module 400, and/or information measured or generated by conditioning module 500, conditioning module 500 could provide the consumer with the actual, and/or estimated change in nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values of the nutritional substance, or N. Further, consumer feedback and updates regarding observed or measured changes in the nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value of nutritional substances, or N, can play a role in updating a dynamic nutritional value database with information about the nutritional substances consumers have purchased and/or prepared for consumption, so that the information is available and useful to others in the nutritional substance supply system, such as through reports reflecting the consumer input or through modification of N. Such information regarding the change to nutritional, organoleptic and/or aesthetic value of the nutritional substance, or N, could be provided not only to the consumer, but could also be provided to information module 100 for use by creation module 200, preservation module 300, transformation module 400, so as to track, and possibly improve nutritional substances throughout the entire nutritional substance supply system 10.

(38) The information regarding nutritional substances provided by information module 100 to consumption module 600 can replace or complement existing information sources such as recipe books, food databases like www.epicurious.com, and Epicurious apps. Through the use of specific information regarding a nutritional substance from information module 100, consumers can use consumption module 600 to select nutritional substances according to nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values. This will further allow consumers to make informed decisions regarding nutritional substance additives, preservatives, genetic modifications, origins, traceability, and other nutritional substance attributes that may also be tracked through the information module 100. This information can be provided by consumption module 600 through personal computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, and/or smartphones. Software running on these devices can include dedicated computer programs, modules within general programs, and/or smartphone apps. An example of such a smartphone app regarding nutritional substances is the iOS ShopNoGMO from the Institute for Responsible Technology. This iPhone app allows consumers access to information regarding non-genetically modified organisms they may select. Additionally, consumption module 600 may provide information for the consumer to operate conditioning module 500 in such a manner as to optimize nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values of a nutritional substance and/or component nutritional substances thereof, according to the consumer's needs or preference or according to target values established by the provider of the nutritional substance, such as the transformer, and/or minimize degradation of, preserve, or improve nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value of a nutritional substance and/or component nutritional substances thereof.

(39) Through the use of nutritional substance information available from information module 100 nutritional substance supply system 10 can track nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value. Using this information, nutritional substances travelling through nutritional substance supply system 10 can be dynamically valued and priced according to nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values. For example, nutritional substances with longer dynamic expiration dates (longer shelf life) may be more highly valued than nutritional substances with shorter expiration dates. Additionally, nutritional substances with higher nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values may be more highly valued, not just by the consumer, but also by each entity within nutritional substance supply system 10. This is because each entity will want to start with a nutritional substance with higher nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value before it performs its function and passes the nutritional substance along to the next entity. Therefore, both the starting nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value and the N associated with those values are important factors in determining or estimating an actual, or residual, nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value of a nutritional substance, and accordingly are important factors in establishing dynamically valued and priced nutritional substances.

(40) During the period of implementation of the present inventions, there will be nutritional substances being marketed including those benefiting from the tracking of dynamic nutritional information such as N, also referred to herein as information-enabled nutritional substances, and nutritional substances which do not benefit from the tracking of dynamic nutritional information such as N, which are not information enabled and are referred to herein as dumb nutritional substances. Information-enabled nutritional substances would be available in virtual internet marketplaces, as well as traditional marketplaces. Because of information provided by information-enabled nutritional substances, entities within the nutritional substance supply system 10, including consumers, would be able to review and select information-enabled nutritional substances for purchase. It should be expected that, initially, the information-enabled nutritional substances would enjoy a higher market value and price than dumb nutritional substances. However, as information-enabled nutritional substances become more the norm, the cost savings from less waste due to degradation of information-enabled nutritional substances could lead to their price actually becoming less than dumb nutritional substances.

(41) For example, the producer of a ready-to-eat dinner would prefer to use corn of a high nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value in the production of its product, the ready-to-eat dinner, so as to produce a premium product of high nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value. Depending upon the levels of the nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values, the ready-to-eat dinner producer may be able to charge a premium price and/or differentiate its product from that of other producers. When selecting the corn to be used in the ready-to-eat dinner, the producer will seek corn of high nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value from preservation module 300 that meets its requirements for nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value. The packager/shipper of preservation module 300 would also be able to charge a premium for corn which has high nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values. And finally, the packager/shipper of preservation module 300 will select corn of high nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value from the grower of creation module 200, who will also be able to charge a premium for corn of high nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values.

(42) The change to nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value for a nutritional substance, or N, tracked through nutritional substance supply system 10 through nutritional substance information from information module 100 can be preferably determined from measured information. However, some or all such nutritional substance N information may be derived through measurements of environmental conditions of the nutritional substance as it traveled through nutritional substance supply system 10. Additionally, some or all of the nutritional substance N information can be derived from N data of other nutritional substances which have traveled through nutritional substance supply system 10. Nutritional substance N information can also be derived from laboratory experiments performed on other nutritional substances, which may approximate conditions and/or processes to which the actual nutritional substance has been exposed. Further, consumer feedback and updates regarding observed or measured changes in the nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value of nutritional substances can play a role in updating N information.

(43) For example, laboratory experiments can be performed on bananas to determine effect on or change in nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic value, or N, for a variety of environmental conditions bananas may be exposed to during packaging and shipment in preservation module 300. Using this experimental data, tables and/or algorithms could be developed which would predict the level of change of nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values, or N, for a particular banana based upon information collected regarding the environmental conditions to which the banana was exposed during its time in preservation module 300. While the ultimate goal for nutritional substance supply system 10 would be the actual measurement of nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values to determine N, use of derived nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values from experimental data to determine N would allow improved logistics planning because it provides the ability to prospectively estimate changes to nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values, or N, and because it allows more accurate tracking of changes to nutritional, organoleptic, and/or aesthetic values, or N, while technology and systems are put in place to allow actual measurement.

(44) FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the preservation module of the present invention. Preservation module 300 includes a container 310 which contains nutritional substance 320. Also included in container 310 is information storage module 330 which can be connected to an external reader 340. In this embodiment, information storage module 330 contains information regarding the nutritional substance 320. This information can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information. Information in the information storage module 330 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to information storage module 330 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored therein. Information module 100 can connect to reader 340 to retrieve and preserve information stored in information storage module 330 and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, reader 340 can transmit information stored in information storage module 330 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information system 100 the information that was stored in information module 330 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance.

(45) In an alternate embodiment reader 340 can also write to information storage module 330. In this embodiment, information regarding the container and/or nutritional substance 320 can be modified or added to information storage module 330 by the user or shipper.

(46) FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of preservation module 300 wherein container 310 contains nutritional substance 320 as well as controller 350. Controller 350 is connected to external sensor 360 located either inside, on the surface of, or external to container 310 such that external sensor 360 can obtain information regarding the environment external to container 310. Controller 350 and exterior sensor 360 can take the form of electronic components such as a micro-controller and an electronic sensor. However, the controller-sensor combination may also be chemical or organic materials which perform the same function, such as a liquid crystal sensor/display.

(47) When the shipper or user of container 310 desires information from external sensor 360 the shipper or user can use reader 340 to query the controller 350 as to the state of external sensor 360. In the electronic component embodiment, reader 340 could be a user interface device such as a computer which can be electronically connected to controller 350. If the controller-sensor combination is a liquid crystal sensor/display, the ready could be a human looking at the display.

(48) Information in the controller 350 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information. Information in the controller 350 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to controller 350 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored therein, such as the identification information and information from external sensor 360. Information module 100 can connect to controller 350 directly, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored therein, such as the identification information and information from external sensor 360, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, controller 350 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in controller 350 and collected by controller 350 from external sensor 360 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information system 100 the information that was stored and collected by controller 350 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance.

(49) In one embodiment, reader 340 can be directly connected to external sensor 360 to obtain the information from external sensor 360 without need of a controller 350. In another embodiment, external sensor 360 provides information to controller 350 which is presented as a visual display to the shipper or user. Finally, external sensor 360 could provide information directly to the user or shipper by visual means such as a temperature sensitive liquid crystal thermometer.

(50) In an additional embodiment, controller 350 can modify the operation of container 310 so as to modify the preservation capabilities of container 310. For example, if the exterior environment of container 310 would adversely affect the nutritional substance 320, container 310 could adjust the internal environment of container 310 to better preserve the nutritional substance. If nutritional substance needs to be kept within a certain temperature range to preserve its nutritional, organoleptic or aesthetic values or properties, and the external sensor 360 provides exterior temperature information to controller 350, controller 350 could modify container 310 so as to maintain nutritional substance 320 within the required temperature range.

(51) In FIG. 5, preservation module 300 includes container 310 which contains nutritional substance 320, controller 350, and information storage module 330. External sensor 360 is positioned such that it can provide information on the exterior environment to container 310. Information from the external sensor and information storage module can be retrieved by connecting reader 340 to container 310.

(52) In this embodiment, information regarding the external environment sensed by external sensor 360 and provided to controller 350 can be stored in information storage module 330. This storage of external environment can be used to record a history of the external environment container 310 has been subjected to. This would allow the shipper or user of container 310 to understand the external environment the container has been subjected to during the time it has preserved the nutritional substance. Such information can be used to determine if the nutritional substance is no longer safe for consumption or has been degraded such that the nutritional substance is no longer in an optimal state. Additionally, the user of the nutritional substance could modify its transformation, conditioning, or consumption according to any changes that may have occurred because of the external conditions of the container.

(53) Information in the information storage module 330 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information. Information in information storage module 330 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to information storage module 330 through controller 350 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored in storage module 330. Information module 100 can operatively connect to information storage module 330 through controller 350, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored in storage module 330, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, controller 350 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in information storage module 330 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information system 100 the information that was stored in controller 350 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance.

(54) In an additional embodiment, controller 350 can modify the operation of container 310 so as modify the preservation capabilities of container 310. For example, if the exterior environment of container 310 would adversely affect the nutritional substance 320, container 310 could adjust the internal environment of container 310 to better preserve the nutritional substance. Controller 350 can analyze the historic information from external sensor 360, stored in information storage module 330 to determine any long-term exterior conditions environmental If nutritional substance needs to be kept within a certain temperature range to preserve its nutritional, organoleptic or aesthetic values or properties, and the external sensor 360 provides exterior temperature information to controller 350, controller 350 could modify container 310 so as to maintain nutritional substance 320 within the required temperature range.

(55) FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of preservation module 300 wherein container 310 contains nutritional substance 320 as well as internal sensor 370 located either inside, or on the surface of, container 310, such that internal sensor 370 can obtain information regarding the environment internal to container 310. Internal sensor 370 can be connected to reader 340 to obtain the interior conditions of container 310. Internal sensor 370 and reader 340 can take the form of electronic components such as an electronic sensor and electronic display. However, the reader-sensor combination may also be chemical or organic materials which perform the same function, such as a liquid crystal sensor/display.

(56) In addition to information regarding the environment internal to container 310, information in the internal sensor 370 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information. Information in the internal sensor 370 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to internal sensor 370 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored or collected therein. Information module 100 can connect to internal sensor 370 directly, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored or collected therein, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, internal sensor 370 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in or collected by internal sensor 370 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information system 100 the information that was stored in or collected by internal sensor 370 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance.

(57) FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of preservation module 300 wherein container 310 contains nutritional substance 320 as well as controller 350. Controller 350 is connected to internal sensor 370 located either inside, or on the surface of, container 310, such that internal sensor 370 can obtain information regarding the environment internal to container 310. Controller 350 and internal sensor 370 can take the form of electronic components such as a micro-controller and an electronic sensor. However, the controller-sensor combination may also be chemical or organic materials which perform the same function, such as a liquid crystal sensor/display.

(58) When the shipper or user of container 310 desires information from internal sensor 370 the shipper or user can use reader 340 to query internal sensor 370 through controller 350. In the electronic component embodiment, reader 340 could be a user interface device such as a computer which can be electronically connected to internal sensor 370 through controller 350.

(59) In addition to information regarding the environment internal to container 310, information in the controller 350 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information. Information in the controller 350 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to controller 350 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored therein, such as the identification information and information from internal sensor 370. Information module 100 can connect to controller 350 directly, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored therein, such as the identification information and information from internal sensor 370, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, controller 350 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in or collected by controller 350 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information module 100 the information that was stored in controller 350 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance.

(60) In an additional embodiment, controller 350 can modify the operation of container 310 so as modify the preservation capabilities of container 310. For example, if the interior environment of container 310 would adversely affect the nutritional substance 320, container 310 could adjust the internal environment of container 310 to better preserve the nutritional substance. If nutritional substance needs to be kept within a certain temperature range to preserve its nutritional, organoleptic or aesthetic values or properties, and the internal sensor 370 provides internal temperature information to controller 350, controller 350 could modify container 310 so as to maintain nutritional substance 320 within the required temperature range.

(61) In FIG. 8, preservation module 300 includes container 310 which contains nutritional substance 320, controller 350, and information storage module 330. Internal sensor 370 is positioned such that it can provide information on the internal environment to container 310. Information from the internal sensor and information storage module can be retrieved by connecting reader 340 to container 310.

(62) In this embodiment, information regarding the internal environment sensed by internal sensor 370 and provided to controller 350 can be stored in information storage module 330. In addition to information regarding the environment internal to container 310, information in the information storage module 330 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information and other historic information regarding the nutritional substance 320. Information in the information storage module 330 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to information storage module 330 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored in information storage module 330. Information module 100 can connect to controller 350 directly, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored in information storage module 330, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, controller 350 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in information storage module 330 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information module 100 the information that was stored in information storage module 330 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance. This storage of internal environment information can be used to record a history that the internal environment of container 310 has been subjected to. This would allow the shipper or user of container 310 to understand the internal environment the container has been subjected to during the time it has preserved the nutritional substance. Such information can be used to determine if the nutritional substance is no longer safe for consumption or has been degraded such that the nutritional substance is no longer in an optimal state. Additionally, the user of the nutritional substance could modify its transformation, conditioning, or consumption according to any changes that may have occurred because of the internal conditions of the container.

(63) In an additional embodiment, controller 350 can modify the operation of container 310 so as modify the preservation capabilities of container 310. For example, if the internal environment of container 310 would adversely affect the nutritional substance 320, container 310 could adjust the internal environment of container 310 to better preserve the nutritional substance. Controller 350 can analyze the historic information from internal sensor 370, stored in information storage module 330 to determine any long-term internal environmental conditions. If nutritional substance needs to be kept within a certain temperature range to preserve its nutritional, organoleptic or aesthetic values or properties, and the internal sensor 370 provides internal temperature information to controller 350, controller 350 could modify container 310 so as to maintain nutritional substance 320 within the required temperature range.

(64) In an alternate embodiment reader 340 can also write to information storage module 330. In this embodiment, information regarding the container and/or nutritional substance 320 can be modified or added to information storage module 330 by the user or shipper.

(65) FIG. 9 shows an alternate embodiment of the present invention. Preservation module 300 includes container 310 which contains nutritional substance 320, nutritional substance label 325, controller 350, and information storage module 330. Internal sensor 370 is positioned such that it can provide information on the internal environment to container 310. Information from the internal sensor and information storage module can be retrieved by connecting reader 340 to container 310. Nutritional substance label 325 is attached to nutritional substance 320 so as to sense, measure, and/or indicate the current state of nutritional substance 320. Nutritional substance label 325 can be read by reader 340. Nutritional substance label 325 could be a material/chemical tag that, through a physical reaction with the surface of nutritional substance 320, provides information regarding the nutritional, organoleptic or aesthetic values or properties or state of the nutritional substance, including where nutritional substance 320 is in its life cycle. As an example, this label/tag can change color as a fruit, cheese or wine matures across time. It could also indicate if it detects traces of pesticides, hormones, allergens, harmful or dangerous bacteria, or any other substances.

(66) In this embodiment, information regarding the internal environment sensed by internal sensor 370 and provided to controller 350 can be stored in information storage module 330. In addition to information regarding the environment internal to container 310, information in the information storage module 330 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information and other historic information regarding the nutritional substance 320. Information in the information storage module 330 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. The dynamic information identifier might be incorporated onto nutritional substance label 325 or could be independent of nutritional substance label 325. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to information storage module 330 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored in information storage module 330. Information module 100 can connect to controller 350 directly, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored in information storage module 330, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, controller 350 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in information storage module 330 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information module 100 the information that was stored in information storage module 330 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance. This storage of internal environment information can be used to record a history that the internal environment container 310 has been subjected to. This would allow the shipper or user of container 310 to understand the internal environment the container has been subjected to during the time it has preserved the nutritional substance. Such information can be used to determine if the nutritional substance is no longer safe for consumption or has been degraded such that the nutritional substance is no longer in an optimal state. Additionally, the user of the nutritional substance could modify its transformation, conditioning, or consumption according to any changes that may have occurred because of the internal conditions of the container.

(67) In an additional embodiment, controller 350 can modify the operation of container 310 so as modify the preservation capabilities of container 310. For example, if the internal environment of container 310 would adversely affect the nutritional substance 320, container 310 could adjust the internal environment of container 310 to better preserve the nutritional substance. Controller 350 can analyze the historic information from internal sensor 370, stored in information storage module 330 to determine any long-term internal environmental conditions. If nutritional substance needs to be kept within a certain temperature range to preserve its nutritional, organoleptic or aesthetic values or properties, and the internal sensor 370 provides internal temperature information to controller 350, controller 350 could modify container 310 so as to maintain nutritional substance 320 within the required temperature range.

(68) In an alternate embodiment reader 340 can also write to information storage module 330. In this embodiment, information regarding the container and/or nutritional substance 320 can be modified or added to information storage module 330 by the user or shipper.

(69) FIG. 10 shows embodiment of preservation module 300 wherein container 310 contains nutritional substance 320 as well as nutritional substance sensor 380 in contact with nutritional substance 320, such that nutritional substance sensor 380 can obtain information regarding the nutritional substance 320 in container 310. Nutritional substance sensor 380 can be connected to reader 340 to obtain the nutritional substance 320 condition. Nutritional substance sensor 380 and reader 340 can take the form of electronic components such as an electronic sensor and electronic display. However, the reader-sensor combination may also be chemical or organic materials which perform the same function, such as a liquid crystal sensor/display.

(70) In this embodiment, information regarding the condition of the nutritional substance 320 sensed by nutritional substance sensor 380 can be retrieved by reader 340. In addition to information regarding the condition of nutritional substance 320 in container 310, information in the nutritional substance sensor 380 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information and other historical information. Information in the nutritional substance sensor 380 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to nutritional substance sensor 380 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored therein. Information module 100 can connect to reader 340 to retrieve and preserve information stored or collected by nutritional substance sensor 380, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, nutritional substance sensor 380 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in or collected by nutritional substance sensor 380 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information module 100 the information that was stored in or collected by nutritional substance sensor 380 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance. This would allow the shipper or user of container 310 to understand the condition of the nutritional substance during the time it is been preserved. Such information can be used to determine if the nutritional substance is no longer safe for consumption or has been degraded such that the nutritional substance is no longer in an optimal state. Additionally, the user of the nutritional substance could modify its transformation, conditioning, or consumption according to any changes that may have occurred because of the internal conditions of the container.

(71) FIG. 11 shows embodiment of preservation module 300 wherein container 310 contains nutritional substance 320 as well as controller 350. Controller 350 is connected to nutritional substance sensor 380. Controller 350 and nutritional substance sensor 380 can take the form of electronic components such as a micro-controller and an electronic sensor. However, the controller-sensor combination may also be chemical or organic materials which perform the same function, such as a liquid crystal sensor/display.

(72) When the shipper or user of container 310 desires information from nutritional substance sensor-380 the shipper or user can use reader 340 to query nutritional substance sensor 380 through controller 350. In the electronic component embodiment, reader 340 could be a user interface device such as a computer which can be electronically connected to nutritional substance sensor 380 through controller 350.

(73) In addition to information regarding the environment internal to container 310, information in the controller 350 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information and other historical information. Information in the controller 350 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to controller 350 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored therein, such as the identification information and information from nutritional substance sensor 380. Information module 100 can connect to controller 350 directly, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored therein, such as the identification information and information from nutritional substance sensor 380, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, controller 350 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in or collected by controller 350 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information module 100 the information that was stored in controller 350 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance.

(74) In an additional embodiment, controller 350 can modify the operation of container 310 so as modify the preservation capabilities of container 310. For example, if the interior environment of container 310 is adversely affecting the nutritional substance 320, container 310 could adjust the nutritional substance environment of container 310 to better preserve the nutritional substance. If nutritional substance needs to be kept within a certain temperature range to preserve its nutritional, organoleptic or aesthetic values or properties, and the nutritional substance sensor 380 provides nutritional substance temperature information to controller 350, controller 350 could modify container 310 so as to maintain nutritional substance 320 within the required temperature range.

(75) In FIG. 12, preservation module 300 includes container 310 which contains nutritional substance 320, controller 350, and information storage module 330. Nutritional substance sensor 380 is positioned such that it can provide information on the nutritional substance in container 310. Information from the nutritional substance sensor 380 and information storage module can be retrieved by connecting reader 340 to controller 350.

(76) In addition to information regarding the condition of nutritional substance 320 inside container 310, information in the information storage module 330 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information and other historic information regarding the nutritional substance 320. Information in the information storage module 330 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to information storage module 330 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored in information storage module 330. Information module 100 can connect to controller 350 directly, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored in information storage module 330, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, controller 350 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in information storage module 330 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information module 100 the information that was stored in information storage module 330 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance. This would allow the shipper or user of container 310 to understand the condition of nutritional substance 320 during the time it has been preserved. Such information can be used to determine if the nutritional substance is no longer safe for consumption or has been degraded such that the nutritional substance is no longer in an optimal state. Additionally, the user of the nutritional substance could modify its transformation, conditioning, or consumption according to any changes that may have occurred during storage in the container.

(77) In an additional embodiment, controller 350 can modify the operation of container 310 so as modify the preservation capabilities of container 310. For example, if the nutritional substance 320 is being adversely affected, controller 350 could adjust the container 310 to better preserve the nutritional substance. Controller 350 can analyze the historic information from nutritional substance sensor 380 stored in information storage module 330 to determine any long-term nutritional substance condition trends that may need modification. If the nutritional substance sensor 380 provides nutritional substance information to controller 350 indicating a trend that needs modification, controller 350 could modify container 310 such that the trend of nutritional substance condition is more desirable.

(78) In an alternate embodiment reader 340 can also write to information storage module 330. In this embodiment, information regarding the container and/or nutritional substance 320 can be modified or added to information storage module 330 by the user or shipper.

(79) FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of preservation module 300. Within container 310 is nutritional substance 320, nutritional substance sensor 380, internal sensor 370, information storage module 330, and controller 350. External sensor 360 is located outside or on the surface of container 310. In operation, controller 350 receives information from nutritional substance sensor 380, internal sensor 370, and external sensor 360. Additionally, controller 350 can store the information received from the three sensors in information storage module 330. Controller 350 can retrieve such stored information and transmit it to reader 340. Reader 340 can also transmit instructions to controller 350.

(80) Information in the information storage module 330 includes information regarding the condition of the nutritional substance from nutritional substance sensor 380, information regarding the environment internal to container 310 from internal sensor 370, and information regarding the environment external to container 310 from external sensor 360. Further, information in the information storage module 330 can include creation or origin information from the creation of the nutritional substance 320 and/or prior preservation or transformation information and other historic information regarding the nutritional substance 320. Information in the information storage module 330 might additionally include identification information, such as a dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance, which is associated with source and origin information or information regarding prior transformation or prior storage or prior transport of the nutritional substance 320 and other historic information preserved in information module 100. A shipper, or user, of container 310 can operatively connect to information storage module 330 using reader 340 to retrieve information stored in information storage module 330. Information module 100 can connect to controller 350 directly, or using reader 340, to retrieve and preserve information stored in information storage module 330, and can further associate that information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. Alternatively, controller 350 or reader 340 can transmit information stored in information storage module 330 to information module 100 and can further associate the transmitted information with the dynamic information identifier provided on the nutritional substance. A consumer or other member of the nutritional substance supply system would then be able to retrieve from information module 100 the information that was stored in information storage module 330 by using the dynamic information identifier associated with the nutritional substance and provided on the nutritional substance. This would allow the shipper or user of container 310 to understand the condition of nutritional substance 320 during the time it has been preserved, as well as the environment internal and external to container 310 during the preservation period. Such information can be used to determine if the nutritional substance is no longer safe for consumption or has been degraded such that the nutritional substance is no longer in an optimal state. Additionally, the user of the nutritional substance could modify its transformation, conditioning, or consumption according to any changes that may have occurred during storage in the container.

(81) In an additional embodiment, controller 350 can modify the operation of container 310 so as modify the preservation capabilities of container 310. For example, if the nutritional substance 320 is being adversely affected, controller 350 could adjust the container 310 to better preserve the nutritional substance. Controller 350 can analyze the historic information stored in information storage module 330 regarding nutritional substance sensor 380, internal sensor 370, and external sensor 360 to determine any long-term nutritional substance condition trends, internal environment trends, and external environment trends that may need modification. If the nutritional substance sensor 380 or the internal sensor 370 or the external sensor 360 provide information to controller 350 indicating a trend that requires modification of container 310, controller 350 could modify container 310 such that the trend is offset or compensated for.

(82) In an alternate embodiment reader 340 can also write to information storage module 330. In this embodiment, information regarding the container and/or nutritional substance 320 can be modified or added to information storage module 330 by the user or shipper.

(83) As an example, nutritional substance 320 could be bananas being shipped to a distribution warehouse. Bananas are in container 310 which is capable of controlling its internal temperature, humidity, and the level of certain gasses within the container. Creation information as to the bananas is placed in information storage module 330 prior to shipment. During shipment, external sensor 360 measures the temperature and humidity outside container 310. This information is stored by controller 350 in information storage module 330. Controller 350 also receives information on the internal environment within container 310 from internal sensor 370 and stores this information in information storage module 330. This information includes the internal temperature, humidity, and certain gas levels within container 310. Finally, nutritional substance sensor 380, which is attached to the surface of the bananas, provides information as to the state of the bananas to controller 350. This information could include surface temperature, surface humidity, gasses being emitted, and surface chemicals. At any time during its shipment and delivery to the distribution warehouse, reader 340 can be used to retrieve both current information and historic information stored within information storage module 330. Alternatively, at any time during its shipment and delivery to the distribution warehouse, reader 340 or controller 350 can transmit both current information and historic information stored within information storage module 330 to information module 100 so that the information is available for remote retrieval from information module 100.

(84) During shipment, container 310 modifies its internal conditions according to instructions provided by controller 350. Controller 350 contains instructions as to how to preserve, and possibly ripen, the bananas using information stored in information storage module 330 about the creation of the bananas, as well as historical information received from the three sensors, as well as current information being received from the three sensors. In this manner, preservation module 300 can preserve and optimize nutritional, organoleptic or aesthetic values or properties or attributes of the bananas while they are being shipped and stored.

(85) It will be understood that subsets of the embodiment described herein can operate to achieve the goals stated herein. In one embodiment, nutritional substance sensor 380, internal sensor 370, external sensor 360, information storage module 330, controller 350, reader 340, and parts of container 310 are each electrical or electromechanical devices which perform each of the indicated functions. However, it is possible for some or all of these functions to be done using chemical and/or organic compounds. For example, a specifically designed plastic wrap for bananas can sense the exterior conditions of the package, the interior conditions of the package, and control gas flow through its surface so as to preserve and ripen the bananas.

(86) Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words comprise, comprising, and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense (i.e., to say, in the sense of including, but not limited to), as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense. As used herein, the terms connected, coupled, or any variant thereof means any connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. Such a coupling or connection between the elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. Additionally, the words herein, above, below, and words of similar import, when used in this application, refer to this application as a whole and not to any particular portions of this application. Where the context permits, words in the above Detailed Description using the singular or plural number may also include the plural or singular number respectively. The word or, in reference to a list of two or more items, covers all of the following interpretations of the word: any of the items in the list, all of the items in the list, and any combination of the items in the list.

(87) The above Detailed Description of examples of the invention is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed above. While specific examples for the invention are described above for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize. While processes or blocks are presented in a given order in this application, alternative implementations may perform routines having steps performed in a different order, or employ systems having blocks in a different order. Some processes or blocks may be deleted, moved, added, subdivided, combined, and/or modified to provide alternative or sub-combinations. Also, while processes or blocks are at times shown as being performed in series, these processes or blocks may instead be performed or implemented in parallel, or may be performed at different times. Further any specific numbers noted herein are only examples. It is understood that alternative implementations may employ differing values or ranges.

(88) The various illustrations and teachings provided herein can also be applied to systems other than the system described above. The elements and acts of the various examples described above can be combined to provide further implementations of the invention.

(89) Any patents and applications and other references noted above, including any that may be listed in accompanying filing papers, are incorporated herein by reference. Aspects of the invention can be modified, if necessary, to employ the systems, functions, and concepts included in such references to provide further implementations of the invention.

(90) These and other changes can be made to the invention in light of the above Detailed Description. While the above description describes certain examples of the invention, and describes the best mode contemplated, no matter how detailed the above appears in text, the invention can be practiced in many ways. Details of the system may vary considerably in its specific implementation, while still being encompassed by the invention disclosed herein. As noted above, particular terminology used when describing certain features or aspects of the invention should not be taken to imply that the terminology is being redefined herein to be restricted to any specific characteristics, features, or aspects of the invention with which that terminology is associated. In general, the terms used in the following claims should not be construed to limit the invention to the specific examples disclosed in the specification, unless the above Detailed Description section explicitly defines such terms. Accordingly, the actual scope of the invention encompasses not only the disclosed examples, but also all equivalent ways of practicing or implementing the invention under the claims.

(91) While certain aspects of the invention are presented below in certain claim forms, the applicant contemplates the various aspects of the invention in any number of claim forms. For example, while only one aspect of the invention is recited as a means-plus-function claim under 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, other aspects may likewise be embodied as a means-plus-function claim, or in other forms, such as being embodied in a computer-readable medium. Any claims intended to be treated under 35 U.S.C. 112, 6 will begin with the words means for. Accordingly, the applicant reserves the right to add additional claims after filing the application to pursue such additional claim forms for other aspects of the invention.

EXAMPLES

(92) Nutritional substances are commonly preserved utilizing various freezing techniques. While freezing is well recognized as an effective method of preservation, it can cause a degradation of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value, a negative N, for the nutritional substance being frozen. Additional N can occur during subsequent storage and transfer of the nutritional substance on its path from being packaged and frozen to being consumed. These additional Ns can occur as a result of: frozen storage; transfer to a distributor or retailer; and storage by the distributor or retailer.

(93) FIG. 14 provides a schematic showing exemplary steps that may occur to a frozen nutritional substance before it is sold to a consumer. FIG. 14 further shows that the nutritional substance has a baseline nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value (N.sub.BASELINE), then experiences a change in the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value (N) at each subsequent step before being sold to a consumer.

(94) Some examples will now be provided of how a preservation system for nutritional substances according to the present invention provides beneficial: source and origin information for the nutritional substance; information regarding a change in nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the nutritional substance; and information as to a current nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic state of the nutritional substance.

(95) In one example, the raw material is freshly caught farm raised salmon. Referring to FIG. 14, when the salmon is first caught it is at its baseline nutritional, organoleptic, and aesthetic value, N.sub.BASELINE. Transformation of the salmon involves cleaning and cutting the salmon into steaks. From the time the salmon is caught and during the time the salmon is being cleaned and cut, it is advantageous to maintain the salmon at low temperatures, but also to avoid uncontrolled freezing of the salmon. Based on the conditions and amount of time that the salmon is maintained from the time it is caught and during the time it is being cleaned and cut, there will be changes, likely a degradation, in nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value. These changes are shown as N.sub.1 in FIG. 14. The nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic state of the salmon following preparation and transformation would be equal to the sum of its baseline nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during transformation. In other words, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value following transformation equals N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1.

(96) The cleaned and cut salmon steaks are then packaged and frozen. Based on the type of packaging used and the freezing process applied, there will be changes, likely a degradation, in nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value. These changes are shown as N.sub.2 in FIG. 14. The nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic state of the salmon following packaging and freezing would be equal to the sum of its baseline nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during transformation and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during packaging and freezing. In other words, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value following packaging and freezing equals N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2.

(97) The packaged and frozen salmon steaks are then put into frozen storage. Based on the type of packaging used and the time and conditions of frozen storage, there will be changes, likely a degradation, in nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value. These changes are shown as N.sub.3 in FIG. 14. The nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic state of the salmon following frozen storage would be equal to the sum of its baseline nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during transformation and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during packaging and freezing and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during frozen storage. In other words, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value following frozen storage equals N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2+N.sub.3.

(98) The packaged and frozen salmon steaks are eventually transferred to a distributor or retailer. Based on the time and conditions during transfer, there will be changes, likely a degradation, in nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value. These changes are shown as N.sub.4 in FIG. 14. The nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic state of the salmon following transfer to a distributor or retailer would be equal to the sum of its baseline nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during transformation and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during packaging and freezing and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during frozen storage and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during transfer to the distributor or retailer. In other words, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value following transfer to distributor equals N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2+N.sub.3+N.sub.4.

(99) The packaged and frozen salmon steaks are then stored by the distributor or retailer, awaiting sale to a consumer. Based on the time and conditions of storage by the distributor or retailer, there will be changes, likely a degradation, in nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value. These changes are shown as N.sub.5 in FIG. 14. The nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic state of the salmon following storage by a distributor or retailer would be equal to the sum of its baseline nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during transformation and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during packaging and freezing and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during frozen storage and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during transfer to the distributor or retailer and the change in said nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value that occurred during storage by the distributor or retailer. In other words, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value following storage by a distributor or retailer and upon sale to a consumer equals N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2+N.sub.3+N.sub.4+N.sub.5.

(100) For traditional methods of freezing, it is well understood that the quality of frozen nutritional substances is highly dependent on the rate at which it is frozen. Generally, rapid freezing results in higher quality frozen nutritional substances as compared to slow freezing. When freezing is rapid, there are more locations within the nutritional substance where nucleation occurs, that is, where ice crystallization begins. In contrast, when freezing is slow, there are relatively few nucleation sites resulting in larger ice crystals. It is known that these larger ice crystals can cause mechanical damage to cell walls and can further result in cell dehydration.

(101) Examples of common traditional methods used for freezing nutritional substances include air-blast freezers, plate freezers, and liquid nitrogen freezers. These methods of freezing nutritional substances provide various benefits and advantages depending on the nutritional substance being frozen and upon other factors such as production rate, flexibility, equipment cost, and cost to operate. These methods of freezing nutritional substances can further be differentiated by the respective rates of freezing that they can deliver, which as previously discussed, can have a significant impact on the quality of the nutritional substance.

(102) Air-blast freezers are among the oldest and most commonly used types of freezing equipment. They offer good temperature stability and versatility for many types of products. Air is generally used as the freezing medium and can be still air or forced air. The basic process involves placing nutritional substances in freezing rooms called sharp freezers. Still air freezers are the most economical method of freezing and provide the added advantage of a constant temperature during frozen storage. However, still air freezers are the slowest method of freezing due to the low surface heat transfer coefficient of circulating air inside the room.

(103) Contact freezing can be a more efficient method of freezing in terms of heat transfer mechanism. The most common type of contact freezer is the plate freezer. In this case, the product is pressed between hallow metal plates, either horizontally or vertically, with a refrigerant circulating inside the plates. Pressure is applied for good contact. This type of freezing system is only limited to regular-shaped materials like patties or block-shaped packaged products, and is considerably faster than air-blast freezing in these situations.

(104) Liquid nitrogen freezing, also known as flash freezing, is still more rapid than contact freezing methods such as with plate freezers. The refrigerant is liquid Nitrogen, with a boiling temperature of 196 C. at atmospheric pressure, and is sprayed into the freezer, evaporating upon leaving the spray nozzles and upon contact with the nutritional substance. These systems can provide high heat transfer efficiency, but consume Nitrogen in the range of 1.2-kg Nitrogen per 1-kg of nutritional substance. Typical nutritional substances frozen in this type of system include fish fillets.

(105) A non-traditional freezing system that shows great promise for nutritional substances is known as a Cells Alive System, or CAS, developed by ABI. The technology does not depend on rapid rates of freezing to minimize damage caused by ice crystals, yet can deliver results even better than rapid freezing such as liquid Nitrogen freezing, that is with little to no degradation of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value. CAS technology uses an oscillating electrical field to cause water molecules within the nutritional substance to spin, stopping them from clustering and forming ice crystals that damage cell walls. Additionally, the spinning motion of the water molecules artificially lowers the freezing point of the water within the nutritional substance to approximately 7 C. Once the nutritional substance reaches this temperature, the oscillating electrical field is turned off and the water freezes almost instantaneously from the inside out, causing minimal or no cell damage. The natural life form of the cells of a CAS frozen nutritional substance is retained, without the physical damage to the cell wall and nucleus that results from ice crystal growth during traditional outside-to-inside freezing methods.

(106) While CAS freezing has found selective application for preserving nutritional substances, the focus has been on organoleptic and aesthetic characteristics such as taste, texture, and appearance. The present invention can not only track, preserve, and communicate the values associated with these characteristics and changes in the values associated with these characteristics, it can additionally track, preserve, and communicate the nutritional value and changes in the nutritional value of a nutritional substance. This will be of great value to a consumer, who can now see the nutritional benefit associated with nutritional substances frozen by CAS methods. It will also be of great value to those offering nutritional substances frozen by CAS methods, as tracking and communicating a degradation in nutritional value close to, or equal to, zero will demonstrate that the nutritional substance offers similar or equal nutritional value as compared to freshly caught, freshly slaughtered, or freshly harvested nutritional substances.

(107) Referring to FIG. 14, N.sub.2 represents a change in nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the nutritional substance, in this case a change resulting from packaging and freezing of the salmon steaks. Improvement of a nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value would be represented by a positive value for N.sub.2. Maintenance of a nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value would be represented by a zero value for N.sub.2. Degradation of a nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value would be represented by a negative value for N.sub.2. It is understood that while all methods of freezing nutritional substances are intended to minimize degradation of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value, traditional outside-to-inside freezing methods such as air-blast freezing, contact freezing, and flash freezing are associated with various degrees of cell disruption and accordingly various degrees of nutritional substance N or degradation, while CAS freezing methods can offer little to no cell disruption and accordingly little to no nutritional substance N or degradation.

(108) For the purpose of the following example it is understood that the amount of degradation to be expected from air-blast freezing is greater than the amount of degradation to be expected from contact freezing which is greater than the amount of degradation to be expected from liquid Nitrogen freezing which is greater than the amount of degradation to be expected from CAS freezing. Because degradation is represented by a negative number, the relationship can be described as: N.sub.2 air-blast freezing<N.sub.2 contact freezing<N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing<N.sub.2 CAS freezing0. With this context, an example is offered of a preservation system according to the present invention. In this example, a transformer of the salmon steaks provides four varieties of frozen salmon steaks based upon nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values of the product. The products are marketed as: economy; standard; premium; and ultra-premium.

(109) The economy salmon steaks have been packaged and frozen by air-blast freezing, which is known to cause significant degradation, but is economical for the transformer. The standard salmon steaks have been packaged and frozen by contact freezing, such as in a plate freezer, which is known to cause degradation, but less than air-blast freezing. The premium salmon steaks have been packaged and frozen by liquid Nitrogen freezing, also known as flash freezing, which is known to cause less degradation than contact freezing. The ultra-premium salmon steaks have been packaged and frozen by CAS freezing, which is known to cause little to no degradation, which is less than liquid Nitrogen freezing.

(110) The transformer stores its economy and standard products at 18 C., and stores its premium and ultra-premium products at 35 C. It is known that degradation of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value during frozen storage will be greater at storage temperatures of 18 C. compared to degradation of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value during frozen storage at 35 C. Because degradation is represented by a negative number, the relationship can be described as: N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.<N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.

(111) Further, the transformer transfers its economy and standard products to distributors and retailers at 18 C., and transfers its premium and ultra-premium products to distributors and retailers at 35 C. Because degradation is represented by a negative number, the relationship can be described as: N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.<N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.

(112) Still further, the transformer requires its distributors or retailers to store the economy, standard, and premium products at 18 C., but requires its distributors or retailers to store the ultra-premium product at 35 C. Because degradation is represented by a negative number, the relationship can be described as: N.sub.5 storage at 18 C.<N.sub.4 storage at 35 C.

(113) The nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of any of these four salmon steak products from the transformer can be expressed as the sum of its baseline nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value after each step it goes through on its journey through the nutritional substance supply system. After transformation, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the economy salmon steak=the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the standard salmon steak=the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steak=the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the ultra-premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1.

(114) After packaging and freezing, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the economy salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing. After packaging and freezing, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the standard salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing. After packaging and freezing, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing. After packaging and freezing, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the ultra-premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINEN.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing. The relationship between the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values of the economy, standard, premium, and ultra-premium salmon steaks is: N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing, respectively.

(115) After frozen storage, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the economy salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1N.sub.2 air-blast freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C. After frozen storage, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the standard salmon steak N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C. After frozen storage, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C. After frozen storage, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the ultra-premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C. The relationship between the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values of the economy, standard, premium, and ultra-premium salmon steaks is: N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C., respectively.

(116) After transfer to a distributor or retailer, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the economy salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C. After transfer to a distributor or retailer, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the standard salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C. After transfer to a distributor or retailer, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C. After transfer to a distributor or retailer, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the ultra-premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.2 CAS freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C. The relationship between the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values of the economy, standard, premium, and ultra-premium salmon steaks is: N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C., respectively.

(117) At sale to a consumer, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the economy salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. At sale to a consumer, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the standard salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. At sale to a consumer, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. At sale to a consumer, the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the ultra-premium salmon steak=N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 35 C. The relationship between the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values of the economy, standard, premium, and ultra-premium salmon steaks is: N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C.<N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 35 C., respectively.

(118) The consumer, or any other constituent in the nutritional substance supply system, can utilize reference information provided on the nutritional substance package by the transformer in the form of a dynamic information identifier. The dynamic information identifier allows retrieval of source and origin information as well as information regarding changes in nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values of the nutritional substance from a nutritional substance information system, such as from a dynamic nutritional value database.

(119) An example of how this benefits a distributor or retailer of the premium salmon steaks, as compared to products provided without a dynamic information identifier will now be discussed. Upon receiving the premium salmon steaks from transfer, the distributor or retailer can verify source and origin information regarding the premium salmon steaks using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve the source and origin information from a nutritional substance information system. Further, the distributor or retailer can verify that the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values expected of this type of product have actually been maintained using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve information regarding actual N associated with the premium salmon steaks from a nutritional substance information system. In this way, the distributor or retailer has access to information regarding N and a current state of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steaks. The nutritional substance information system can communicate the N at transfer to distributor, which would equal N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C. The nutritional substance information system can further communicate a current nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steaks at transfer to distributor, which would equal N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C. If the product had been received without a dynamic information identifier, the distributor or retailer would have access to very limited information regarding the product, and no information regarding N or the current state of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the product.

(120) An example of how this benefits a consumer shopping for premium or ultra-premium salmon steaks provided with a dynamic information identifier, as compared to products provided without a dynamic information identifier, will now be discussed. At the supermarket the consumer can verify source and origin information regarding the premium salmon steaks using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve the source and origin information from a nutritional substance information system. Preferably, this is accomplished with the consumer's smart phone. Further, the consumer can verify that the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values expected of this type of product have actually been maintained using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve information regarding actual N associated with the premium salmon steaks from a nutritional substance information system. In this way, the consumer has access to information regarding N and a current state of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steaks. The nutritional substance information system can communicate the current N at the time of the consumer's query, which would equal N.sub.1+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. The nutritional substance information system can further communicate a current nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the premium salmon steaks at the time of the consumer's query, which would equal N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.2 liquid Nitrogen freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. Now the consumer can verify source and origin information regarding the ultra-premium salmon steaks using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve the source and origin information from a nutritional substance information system. Preferably, this is accomplished with the consumer's smart phone. Further, the consumer can verify that the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values expected of this type of product have actually been maintained using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve information regarding actual N associated with the ultra-premium salmon steaks from a nutritional substance information system. In this way, the consumer has access to information regarding N and a current state of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the ultra-premium salmon steaks. The nutritional substance information system can communicate the current N at the time of the consumer's query, which would equal N.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 35 C. The nutritional substance information system can further communicate a current nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the ultra-premium salmon steaks at the time of the consumer's query, which would equal N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 CAS freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 35 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 35 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 35 C. If the product had been offered for sale without a dynamic information identifier, the consumer would have access to very limited information regarding the product, and no information regarding N or the current state of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the product. Because these products were provided with dynamic information identifiers, the consumer can now make an informed comparison of the two products and an informed purchasing decision.

(121) An example of how this benefits a value oriented consumer shopping for economy or standard salmon steaks, as compared to products provided without a dynamic information identifier, will now be discussed. At the supermarket the consumer can verify source and origin information regarding the economy salmon steaks using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve the source and origin information from a nutritional substance information system. Preferably, this is accomplished with the consumer's smart phone. Further, the consumer can verify that the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values expected of this type of product have actually been maintained using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve information regarding actual N associated with the economy salmon steaks from a nutritional substance information system. In this way, the consumer has access to information regarding N and a current state of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the economy salmon steaks. The nutritional substance information system can communicate the current N at the time of the consumer's query, which would equal N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. The nutritional substance information system can further communicate a current nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the economy salmon steaks at the time of the consumer's query, which would equal N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.1+N.sub.2 air-blast freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. Now the consumer can verify source and origin information regarding the standard salmon steaks using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve the source and origin information from a nutritional substance information system. Preferably, this is accomplished with the consumer's smart phone. Further, the consumer can verify that the nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic values expected of this type of product have actually been maintained using the dynamic information identifier provided with the nutritional substance to retrieve information regarding actual N associated with the standard salmon steaks from a nutritional substance information system. In this way, the consumer has access to information regarding N and a current state of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the standard salmon steaks. The nutritional substance information system can communicate the current N at the time of the consumer's query, which would equal N.sub.1+N.sub.2 contact freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. The nutritional substance information system can further communicate a current nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the standard salmon steaks at the time of the consumer's query, which would equal N.sub.BASELINE+N.sub.2 contact freezing+N.sub.3 frozen storage at 18 C.+N.sub.4 transfer at 18 C.+N.sub.5 storage at 18 C. If the product had been offered for sale without a dynamic information identifier, the consumer would have access to very limited information regarding the product, and no information regarding N or the current state of nutritional, organoleptic, or aesthetic value of the product. Because these products were provided with dynamic information identifiers, the consumer can now make an informed comparison of the two products and an informed purchasing decision.