Self-invertible inverse latex comprising alkyl polyglycosides as an inverting agent and use thereof as a thickening agent for a detergent or cleaning formulation for industrial or domestic use

Abstract

Self-invertible inverse latex including as an inverting agent for surfactant species of the alkylpolyglycoside family, the alkyl chain of which includes from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and use thereof as thickener and/or emulsifier and/or stabilizer for a detergent or cleaning formulation for industrial or household use.

Claims

1. An emulsion of water-in-oil (E) comprising, per 100% of its mass: a)—from 10% by mass to 80% by mass of a crosslinked polymer (P) derived from the polymerization, per 100 mol %: (a1)—of a proportion of greater than or equal to 30 mol % and less than or equal to 100 mol %, of monomer units derived from a monomer bearing a strong acid function, which is partially or totally salified; and (a2)—optionally of a proportion of greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 70%, of monomer units derived from at least one monomer chosen from the elements of the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, 3-methyl-3-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]butanoic acid, the carboxylic function of said monomers being in acid form, which are partially or totally salified, and/or from the elements of the group consisting of (2-hydroxyethyl) acrylate, (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) acrylate, (2-hydroxyethyl) methacrylate, (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) methacrylate or vinylpyrrolidone; (a3)—of a proportion of greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 1 mol % of monomer units derived from at least one diethylenic or polyethylenic crosslinking monomer (AR); wherein the sum of the molar proportions of the monomer units (a1), (a2) and (a3) is equal to 100%; b)—from 5% by mass to 50% by mass of a fatty phase constituted of at least one oil (H); and c)—from 1% by mass to 50% by mass of water; d)—from 0.5% by mass to 10% by mass of an emulsifying system of water-in-oil (S1); and e)—from 2% by mass to 10% by mass of an emulsifying system (S2) of oil-in-water comprising, per 100% of its mass, at least 50% by mass of a composition (Ce) comprising, per 100% of its mass: e1)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 20% by mass and less than or equal to 80% by mass of a diluent of formula (I):
HO—[CH2-CH(OH)—CH2-O-]n-H  (I), in which n is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 6, or a mixture of said diluents; e2)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 20% by mass and less than or equal to 80% by mass of a composition (Ce2) comprising, per 100% of its mass: e2α)—A proportion of greater than 0% and less than or equal to 4% by mass of at least one alcohol of formula (II):
CmH2m+1-OH  (II), in which m is an even integer greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 18; e2β)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 96% by mass and less than 100% by mass of a composition (C2β) comprising: e2β2)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 60% by mass and less than or equal to 90% by mass of a composition (C2β2) comprising, per 100% of its mass: e2β21)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 5% by mass and less than or equal to 20% by mass of a composition (C21) represented by formula (III):
R21-O-(G21)r-H  (III), in which R21 represents an n-dodecyl radical, G21 represents a reducing sugar residue and r represents a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 5.00, said composition (C21) consisting of a mixture of the compounds of formulae (III1), (III2), (III3), (III4) and (III5):
R21-O-(G21)1-H  (III1),
R21-O-(G21)2-H  (III2),
R21-O-(G21)3-H  (III3),
R21-O-(G21)4-H  (III4),
R21-O-(G21)5-H  (III5), in molar proportions of said compounds of formulae (III1), (III2), (III3), (III4) and (III5) respectively equal to a1, a2, a3, a4 and a5, such that the sum a1+a2+a3+a4+a5 is equal to 1, and such that the sum a1+2a2+3a3+4a4+5a5 is equal to r; e2β22)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 10% by mass and less than or equal to 20% by mass of a composition (C22) represented by formula (IV):
R22-O-(G22)s-H  (IV), in which R22 represents an n-tetradecyl radical, G22 represents a reducing sugar residue and s represents a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 5.00, said composition (C22) consisting of a mixture of the compounds of formulae (IV1), (IV2), (IV3), (IV4) and (IV5):
R22-O-(G22)1-H  (IV1),
R22-O-(G22)2-H  (IV2),
R22-O-(G22)3-H  (IV3),
R22-O-(G22)4-H  (IV4),
R22-O-(G22)5-H  (IV5), in molar proportions of said compounds of formulae (IV1), (IV2), (IV3), (IV4) and (IV5) respectively equal to b1, b2, b3, b4 and b5, such that the sum b1+b2+b3+b4+b5 is equal to 1, and such that the sum b1+2b2+3b3+4b4+5b5 is equal to s; e2β23)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 25% by mass and less than or equal to 40% by mass of a composition (C23) represented by formula (V):
R23-O-(G23)t-H  (V), in which R23 represents an n-octyl radical, G23 represents a reducing sugar residue and t represents a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 5.00, said composition (C23) consisting of a mixture of the compounds of formulae (V1), (V2), (V3), (V4) and (V5):
R23-O-(G23)1-H  (V1),
R23-O-(G23)2-H  (V2),
R23-O-(G23)3-H  (V3),
R23-O-(G23)4-H  (V4),
R23-O-(G23)5-H  (V5), in molar proportions of said compounds of formulae (V1), (V2), (V3), (V4) and (V5) respectively equal to c1, c2, c3, c4 and c5, such that the sum c1+c2+c3+c4+c5 is equal to 1, and such that the sum c1+2c2+3c3+4c4+5c5 is equal to t; e2β24)—A mass proportion of greater than or equal to 30% by mass and less than or equal to 55% by mass of a composition (C24) represented by formula (VI):
R24-O-(G24)u-H  (VI), in which R24 represents an n-decyl radical, G24 represents a reducing sugar residue and u represents a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 5.00, said composition (C24) consisting of a mixture of the compounds of formulae (VI1), (VI2), (VI3), (VI4) and (VI5):
R24-O-(G24)1-H  (VI1),
R24-O-(G24)2-H  (VI2),
R24-O-(G24)3-H  (VI3),
R24-O-(G24)4-H  (VI4),
R24-O-(G24)5-H  (VI5), in molar proportions of said compounds of formulae (VI1), (VI2), (VI3), (VI4) and (VI5) respectively equal to d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5, such that the sum d1+d2+d3+d4+d5 is equal to 1, and such that the sum d1+2d2+3d3+4d4+5d5 is equal to u; it being understood that the sum of the mass proportions of compositions (C21), (C22), (C23) and (C24) is equal to 100%; e2β3)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 10% by mass and less than or equal to 40% by mass of a composition (C2β3) comprising, per 100% of its mass: e2β31)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 30% by mass and less than or equal to 50% by mass of a composition (C31) represented by formula (VII):
R31-O-(G31)x-H  (VII) in which R31 represents an n-hexadecyl radical, G31 represents a reducing sugar residue and x represents a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 5.00, said composition (C31) consisting of a mixture of the compounds of formulae (VII1), (VII2), (VII3), (VII4) and (VII15):
R31-O-(G31)1-H  (VII1),
R31-O-(G31)2-H  (VII2),
R31-O-(G31)3-H  (VII3),
R31-O-(G31)4-H  (VII4),
R31-O-(G31)5-H  (VII5), in molar proportions of said compounds of formulae (VII1), (VI12), (VI13), (VII4) and (VI15) respectively equal to a′1, a′2, a′3, a′4 and a′5, such that the sum a′1+a′2+a′3+a′4+a′5 is equal to 1, and such that the sum a′1+2a′2+3a′3+4a′4+5a′5 is equal to x; e2β32)—A proportion of greater than or equal to 50% by mass and less than or equal to 70% by mass of a composition (C32) represented by formula (VIII):
R32-O-(G32)y-H  (VIII), in which R32 represents an n-octadecyl radical, G32 represents a reducing sugar residue and y represents a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 5.00, said composition (C32) consisting of a mixture of the compounds of formulae (VIII1), (VIII2), (VIII3), (VIII4) and (VIII5):
R32-O-(G32)1-H  (VIII1),
R32-O-(G32)2-H  (VIII2),
R32-O-(G32)3-H  (VIII3),
R32-O-(G32)4-H  (VIII4),
R32-O-(G32)5-H  (VIII5), in molar proportions of said compounds of formulae (VIII1), (VIII2), (VIII3), (VIII4) and (VI115) respectively equal to b′1, b′2, b′3, b′4 and b′5, such that the sum b′1+b′2+b′3+b′4+b′5 is equal to 1, and such that the sum b′1+2b′2+3b′3+4b′4+5b′5 is equal to y; it being understood that the sum of the mass proportions of compositions (C31) and (C32) is equal to 100%; and it being understood that the sum of the mass proportions of compounds (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) is equal to 100%.

2. The emulsion of water-in-oil-type (E) as defined in claim 1, in which the polymer (P) is chosen from: a homopolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-prop anesulfonic acid which is partially or totally salified in sodium salt or ammonium salt form, crosslinked with triallylamine and/or methylenebis(acrylamide); a copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid which is partially or totally salified in sodium salt or ammonium salt form, and of (2-hydroxyethyl)acrylate, crosslinked with triallylamine and/or methylenebis(acrylamide); a copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid and of acrylic acid which are partially or totally salified in sodium salt or ammonium salt form, crosslinked with triallylamine and/or methylenebis(acrylamide); a crosslinked copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid (γ) which is partially or totally salified in sodium salt form, and of (2-hydroxyethyl)acrylate (δ) in a (γ)/(δ) mole ratio of between 30/70 and 90/10; and a crosslinked copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid (γ) which is partially or totally salified in sodium salt form, and of acrylic acid (ε) which is partially or totally salified in sodium salt form, in a (γ)/(ε) mole ratio of greater than or equal to 30/70 and less than or equal to 90/10.

3. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 1, wherein the diluent of formula (I) is glycerol.

4. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 1, wherein, in formulae (III), (IV), (V) and (VI), said reducing sugar residues G21, G22, G23 and G24 are identical and represent a glucose residue.

5. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 1, wherein, in formulae (III), (IV), (V) and (VI), r, s, t and u respectively represent, independently of each other, a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 2.5.

6. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 1, wherein, in formulae (VII) and (VIII), said reducing sugar residues G31 and G32 are identical and represent a glucose residue.

7. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 1, wherein, in formulae (VII) and (VIII), x and y respectively represent a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 2.5.

8. The emulsion of water-in-oil (E) as defined in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio:
Δ=mass of composition (C2β2)/mass of composition (C2β3), is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 7.

9. A thickener and/or emulsifier and/or stabilizer for a detergent liquid aqueous composition for household or industrial use, comprising the emulsion of water-in-oil (E) as defined in claim 1.

10. A detergent liquid aqueous composition (F) for household or industrial use, comprising as thickener, per 100% of total mass, between 0.1% and 10% by mass of the emulsion of water-in-oil (E) as defined in claim 1.

11. A process for cleaning a hard surface, comprising: at least one step a″1) of applying the detergent liquid aqueous composition (F) for household or industrial use as defined in claim 10, at least one step b″1) of rinsing said hard surface.

12. The emulsion of water-in-oil (E) as defined in claim 2, wherein the diluent of formula (I) is glycerol.

13. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 2, wherein, in formulae (III), (IV), (V) and (VI), said reducing sugar residues G21, G22, G23 and G24 are identical and represent a glucose residue.

14. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 3, wherein, in formulae (III), (IV), (V) and (VI), said reducing sugar residues G21, G22, G23 and G24 are identical and represent a glucose residue.

15. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 2, wherein, in formulae (III), (IV), (V) and (VI), r, s, t and u respectively represent, independently of each other, a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 2.5.

16. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 3, wherein, in formulae (III), (IV), (V) and (VI), r, s, t and u respectively represent, independently of each other, a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 2.5.

17. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 4, wherein, in formulae (III), (IV), (V) and (VI), r, s, t and u respectively represent, independently of each other, a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 2.5.

18. The emulsion of water-in-oil (E) as defined in claim 2, wherein, in formulae (VII) and (VIII), said reducing sugar residues G31 and G32 are identical and represent a glucose residue.

19. The emulsion of water-in-oil (E) as defined in claim 3, wherein, in formulae (VII) and (VIII), said reducing sugar residues G31 and G32 are identical and represent a glucose residue.

20. The emulsion of water-in-oil (B) as defined in claim 4, wherein, in formulae (VII) and (VIII), said reducing sugar residues G31 and G32 are identical and represent a glucose residue.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(1) The examples that follow illustrate the invention without, however, limiting it.

(2) I.sub.A—Preparation of a Composition (C.sub.e2A) Based on Alkylpolyglucosides and Glycerol

(3) 72.5 kg (i.e. 8.5 molar equivalents) of a mixture (M.sub.1) including, per 100% of its mass, 30.2% by mass of 1-octanol, 38.4% by mass of 1-decanol, 7.4% by mass of 1-dodecanol, 8.9% by mass of 1-tetradecanol, 5.1% by mass of 1-hexadecanol and 10.0% by mass of 1-octadecanol are prepared by successively introducing with stirring, at 90° C., each of the fatty alcohols mentioned previously in desired proportions.

(4) The mixture (M.sub.1) is homogenized at 90° C. for 30 minutes, followed by addition thereto of 8.7 kg (i.e. 1 molar equivalent) of glucose, and then 80 g of 98% sulfuric acid. The reaction medium is then placed under a partial vacuum of from 90×10.sup.2 Pa (90 mbar) to 45×10.sup.2 Pa (45 mbar), and maintained at a temperature of from 100° C. to 105° C. for 5 hours with removal of the water formed. The reaction medium is then cooled to 80° C. and neutralized by adding 76 g of 40% sodium hydroxide. The product is filtered off to remove the unreacted glucose. 72.0 kg of a medium comprising the glucoside species formed and also the unreacted fatty alcohols in stoichiometric excess are obtained. The residual alcohols present in the mixture thus obtained are then removed by treatment on a thin-film evaporator.

(5) 36.6 kg of the reaction medium thus neutralized are then introduced into a thin-film evaporator, under a reduced pressure of from 3×10.sup.2 Pa (3 mbar) to 5×10 Pa (5 mbar) with a wall temperature of 240° C., so as to distil off the majority of the residual alcohols and to obtain 4.5 kg of a concentrate, to which 4.5 kg of glycerol are gradually added with stirring, so as to obtain 9.0 kg of the expected composition (C.sub.e2a).

(6) I.sub.B—Preparation of a Composition (C.sub.e2B) Based on Alkylpolyglucosides and Diglycerol

(7) The procedure of example 1 described above is reproduced, replacing the glycerol with diglycerol, in mass proportions such that they make it possible to obtain composition (C.sub.e2B) comprising, per 100% of its mass, 50% by mass of diglycerol.

(8) I.sub.C—Preparation of a Composition (C.sub.e2c) Based on Alkylpolyglucosides and Polyglycerol-6

(9) The procedure of example 1 described above is reproduced, replacing the glycerol with polyglycerol-6 (sold under the brand name Polyglycerol-6™ from the company Spiga), in mass proportions such that they make it possible to obtain composition (C.sub.e2C) comprising, per 100% of its mass, 50% by mass of polyglycerol-6.

(10) I.sub.T—Preparation of a Composition (C.sub.e2T) Based on Alkylpolyglucosides and 1,3-Propanediol

(11) The procedure of example 1 described above is reproduced, replacing the glycerol with 1,3-propanediol (sold under the brand name Zemea™ propanediol from the company Dupont-Tate & Lyle), in mass proportions such that they make it possible to obtain composition (C.sub.e2T) comprising, per 100% of its mass, 22% by mass of 1,3-propanediol.

(12) II— Preparation and Evaluation of Self-Invertible Inverse Latices of a Crosslinked Copolymer of the Sodium Salt of 2-Methyl-[(1-Oxo-2-Propenyl)Amino]-1-Propanesulfonic Acid and of Partially Salified Acrylic Acid

(13) An aqueous phase is prepared by successively pouring into a beaker, with stirring, 2.77 g of deionized water, 73.1 g of glacial acrylic acid, 308 g of 2-methyl[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, 141 g of an aqueous solution containing 48% by mass of sodium hydroxide, 0.45 g of a commercial aqueous solution containing 40% by mass of sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate and 0.128 g of methylenebis(acrylamide). The pH of this aqueous phase is then adjusted to 5.4 and the solution is made up with deionized water to a weight of 682 g.

(14) Independently, an organic phase is prepared by mixing 220 g of isohexadecane, 15 g of Montane™ 80, 10 g of Montane™ 70 and 0.2 g of azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN).

(15) The aqueous phase prepared is then gradually added to the oily phase and then dispersed using an Ultra-Turrax rotor-stator sold by the company IKA.

(16) The emulsion obtained is transferred into a reactor, subjected to sparging with nitrogen to remove the oxygen, and cooled to about 5-6° C. 5 cm.sup.3 of a solution containing 0.42% by mass of cumene hydroperoxide in isohexadecane are added to the emulsion with continuous stirring, followed by gradual introduction of an aqueous solution containing 2.5% by mass of sodium metabisulfite at a flow rate of 0.5 cm.sup.3 per minute over 60 minutes to initiate the polymerization reaction. The temperature of the medium increases up to a steady stage. The reaction medium is then heated at 85° C. for 1 hour and the assembly is then cooled to about 35° C. to obtain the mixture noted as (M.sub.2).

(17) The mixture (M.sub.2) obtained previously is split into several portions to which are added the various surfactant compositions ((C.sub.e2A)), (C.sub.e2B), (C.sub.e2C) and (C.sub.e2T) as described above, and also Polysorbate 80 (78% by mass of active material) sold under the brand name Montanov™ 80 (S.sub.2), and an aqueous solution of capryl/caprylyl polyglucosides (60% by mass of active material) sold under the brand name Simulsol™ SL8 (noted as composition S′.sub.2), in mass proportions as indicated in table 1 below.

(18) The self-invertible inverse latices resulting from these mixtures are respectively noted as (E.sub.1), (E.sub.2), (E.sub.3), (E.sub.C1), (E.sub.C2) and (E.sub.C3) and are evaluated by observation of their appearance at 25° C., their viscosity at 25° C., the rate of inversion during the preparation of an aqueous gel containing 2% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex, the viscosity of this aqueous gel containing 2% by mass of a self-invertible inverse latex and the viscosity of an aqueous gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex in the presence of 0.1% by mass of sodium chloride.

(19) The method for evaluating the inversion time of the self-invertible inverse latices consists in pouring into a 1 liter beaker the required amount of water for the preparation of 800 g of an aqueous gel. A Turbotest™ mechanical stirrer impeller, connected to a motor, is placed at the bottom of the beaker. Stirring is started at a speed of 200 rpm and the required amount of self-invertible inverse latex to be evaluated is introduced into the beaker with stirring. The stirring is gradually increased so as to maintain the same height of vortex in the beaker throughout the thickening phase, until a smooth, homogeneous gel is obtained. The inversion time of the self-invertible inverse latices corresponds to the time elapsed between the start of addition of the test self-invertible inverse latex and the production of a smooth gel, free of lumps. The results obtained are given in table 1 below.

(20) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Self-invertible inverse latices (E.sub.1) (E.sub.2) (E.sub.3) Mass proportion of surfactant composition tested contained in the self-invertible inverse latex (C.sub.e2A): 6% (C.sub.e2B): 6% (C.sub.e2C): 6% Viscosity of the aqueous gels and of the self-invertible inverse latex (in mPa .Math. s) (Brookfield RVT) Gel containing 2% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 6, speed 5) 81 000 74 000 86 000 Aqueous gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 6, speed 5) 124 800  122 000  130 000  Aqueous gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex + 0.1% by mass of NaCl (spindle 6, speed 5) 33 200 32 640 28 900 Self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. (spindle 3, speed 20)   2330   1530   1560 Inversion time (in minutes)    2    6    6 Appearance of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. Homogeneous Homogeneous Homogeneous Self-invertible inverse latices (E.sub.C1) (E.sub.C2) (E.sub.C3) Mass proportion of surfactant composition tested contained in the self-invertible inverse latex (C.sub.e2T): 5% (S.sub.2): 5% (S′.sub.2): 5% Viscosity of the aqueous gels and of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. (in mPa .Math. s) (Brookfield RVT) Gel containing 2% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 6, speed 5) Not measured 67 000 75 200 Aqueous gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 6, speed 5) Not measured 118 000  120 000  Aqueous gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex + 0.1% by mass of NaCl (spindle 6, speed 5) Not measured 22 400 22 400 Self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. (spindle 3, speed 20)   1120   1450   1250 Inversion time (in minutes)  >1440    2    3 Appearance of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. Presence of grains after 24 Homogeneous Presence of grains hours; heterogeneous *nm: not measured

(21) The self-invertible inverse latices (E.sub.1), (E.sub.2) and (E.sub.3) according to the invention, free of alkoxylated derivatives, make it possible to obtain smooth gels, with an inversion time of less than 10 minutes, having excellent thickening properties. Furthermore, they are characterized by a smaller drop in the viscosity of a gel at 3% by mass in the presence of salt when compared notably with the self-invertible inverse latex (E.sub.S′2).

(22) III— Preparation and Evaluation of Self-Invertible Inverse Latices of a Homopolymer of the Sodium Salt of 2-Methyl-[(1-Oxo-2-Propenyl)Amino]-1-Propanesulfonic Acid

(23) An aqueous phase is prepared by successively pouring into a beaker, with stirring, 220 g of deionized water, 343.5 g of 2-methyl[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, 138.1 g of an aqueous solution containing 48% by mass of sodium hydroxide, 0.18 g of a commercial aqueous solution containing 40% by mass of sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate and 0.140 g of methylenebis(acrylamide). The pH of this aqueous phase is then adjusted to 3.5 and the solution is made up with deionized water to a weight of 707 g.

(24) Independently, an organic phase is prepared by mixing 220 g of isohexadecane, 22 g of Montane™ 80VG and 0.2 g of AIBN.

(25) The aqueous phase prepared is then gradually added to the oily phase and then dispersed using an Ultra-Turrax rotor-stator sold by the company IKA.

(26) The emulsion obtained is transferred into a reactor, subjected to sparging with nitrogen to remove the oxygen, and cooled to about 5-6° C. 5 cm.sup.3 of a solution containing 0.42% by mass of cumene hydroperoxide in isohexadecane are added to the emulsion with continuous stirring, followed by gradual introduction of an aqueous solution containing 2.5% by mass of sodium metabisulfite at a flow rate of 0.5 cm.sup.3 per minute over 60 minutes to initiate the polymerization reaction. The temperature of the medium increases up to a steady stage. The reaction medium is maintained at this temperature for 1 hour 30 minutes and the assembly is then cooled to about 35° C. to obtain the mixture noted as (M.sub.3).

(27) The mixture (M.sub.3) obtained previously is split into various portions, to which are added various surfactant compositions (C.sub.e2A), (S.sub.2) and (S′.sub.2), in mass proportions as indicated in table 2 below, to obtain the self-invertible inverse latices respectively referenced (E.sub.4), (E.sub.C4) and (E.sub.C5). They are evaluated as in the preceding section II. The results obtained are given in table 2 below.

(28) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Self-invertible inverse latices (E.sub.4) (E.sub.c4) (E.sub.C5) Mass proportion of surfactant composition tested contained in the self-invertible inverse latex (C.sub.e2A): 5% (S.sub.2): 5% (S′.sub.2): 5% Viscosity of the aqueous gels and of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. (in mPa .Math. s) (Brookfield RVT) Gel containing 2% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 6, speed 5) 117 000   103 000   Not measured Gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex + 0.1% by mass of NaCl (spindle 6, speed 5) mPa .Math. s 6500 6320 Not measured Self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. (spindle 3, speed 20) 2660 1935 Not measured Inversion time in minutes   4   3 Not measured Appearance of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. Homogeneous latex Homogeneous latex Viscous, granular, heterogeneous latex

(29) The self-invertible inverse latex (E.sub.4) according to the invention, free of alkoxylated, and more particularly ethoxylated, derivatives, makes it possible to obtain a smooth gel, with an inversion time of less than 10 minutes, having excellent thickening properties.

(30) IV— Preparation and Evaluation of an Inverse Latex Comprising a Crosslinked Copolymer of the Sodium Salt of 2-Methyl-[(1-Oxo-2-Propenyl)Amino]-1-Propanesulfonic Acid and of (2-Hydroxyethyl) Acrylate

(31) An aqueous phase is prepared by successively pouring into a beaker, with stirring, 20.4 g of (2-hydroxyethyl) acrylate, 660 g of a commercial aqueous solution containing 55% by mass of sodium 2-methyl[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonate, 0.45 g of a commercial aqueous solution containing 40% by mass of sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate and 0.123 g of methylenebis(acrylamide). The pH of this aqueous phase is then adjusted to 4.0 by adding 0.55 g of 2-methyl[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid.

(32) Independently, an organic phase is prepared by mixing 265 g of squalane, 17.76 g of Montane™ 80 VG, 9.24 g of Montanox™ 81 VG and 0.2 g of azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN).

(33) The aqueous phase prepared is then gradually added to the oily phase and then dispersed using an Ultra-Turrax rotor-stator sold by the company IKA.

(34) The emulsion obtained is transferred into a reactor, subjected to sparging with nitrogen to remove the oxygen, and cooled to about 5-6° C. 10 cm.sup.3 of a solution containing 0.28% by mass of cumene hydroperoxide in squalane are added to the emulsion with continuous stirring, followed by gradual introduction of an aqueous solution containing 2.5% by mass of sodium metabisulfite at a flow rate of 0.5 cm.sup.3 per minute over 60 minutes to initiate the polymerization reaction, while allowing the temperature to rise to 75° C. The reaction medium is then maintained at this temperature for about 60 minutes, after which time the mixture obtained is cooled to about 35. The assembly is cooled to a temperature of about 35° C. (M.sub.4).

(35) The mixture (M.sub.4) obtained previously is split into various portions, to which are added the various surfactant compositions (C.sub.e2A), (S.sub.2) and (S′.sub.2), in mass proportions as indicated in table 3 below.

(36) The self-invertible inverse latices resulting from these mixtures are respectively noted (E.sub.5), (E.sub.C6) and (E.sub.C7). They are evaluated as in the preceding section II. The results obtained are given in table 3 below:

(37) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Self-invertible inverse latices (E.sub.5) (E.sub.c6) (E.sub.C7) Mass proportion of surfactant composition tested contained in the self-invertible inverse latex (C.sub.e2A): 3% (S.sub.2): 3% (S′.sub.2): 3% Viscosity of the aqueous gels and of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. (in mPa .Math. s) (Brookfield RVT) Gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 6, speed 5) 99 600.sup.  105 400 98 000.sup.  Gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex + 0.1% by mass of NaCl (spindle 6, speed 5) mPa .Math. s 9900  30 540 2830 Self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 3, speed 20) 2050   1800 2100 Inversion time in minutes   6     3   3 Appearance of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. Homogeneous latex Homogeneous latex Viscous, granular, heterogeneous latex

(38) The self-invertible inverse latex (E.sub.5) according to the invention, free of alkoxylated, and more particularly ethoxylated, derivatives, makes it possible to obtain a smooth gel, with an inversion time of less than 10 minutes, having excellent thickening properties.

(39) V— Preparation of an Inverse Latex Comprising a Crosslinked Copolymer of the Sodium Salt of 2-Methyl-[(1-Oxo-2-Propenyl)Amino]-1-Propanesulfonic Acid and of Acrylamide

(40) An aqueous phase is prepared by successively pouring into a beaker, with stirring, 80 g of deionized water, 253.8 g of a commercial aqueous solution containing 50% by mass of acrylamide, 246.7 g of 2-methyl[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, 95.96 g of an aqueous solution containing 48% by mass of sodium hydroxide, 0.45 g of a commercial solution containing 40% by weight of sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate and 0.115 g of methylenebis(acrylamide). The pH of this aqueous phase is then adjusted to 5.5 and the solution is made up with deionized water to a weight of 682 g.

(41) Independently, an organic phase is prepared by mixing 220 g of isohexadecane, 21 g of Montane™ 80 VG and 0.2 g of azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN).

(42) The aqueous phase prepared is then gradually added to the oily phase and then dispersed using an Ultra-Turrax rotor-stator sold by the company IKA.

(43) The emulsion obtained is transferred into a reactor, subjected to sparging with nitrogen to remove the oxygen, and cooled to about 5-6° C. 5 cm.sup.3 of a solution containing 0.28% by mass of cumene hydroperoxide in hexadecane are added to the emulsion with continuous stirring, followed by gradual introduction of an aqueous solution containing 2.5% by mass of sodium metabisulfite at a flow rate of 0.5 cm.sup.3 per minute over 60 minutes to initiate the polymerization reaction, while allowing the temperature to rise to 75° C. The reaction medium is then maintained at this temperature for about 60 minutes, after which time the mixture obtained is cooled to about 35° C. The assembly is cooled to a temperature of about 35° C. (M.sub.5).

(44) The mixture (M.sub.4) obtained previously is split into various portions, to which are added various mass proportions of the surfactant composition (C.sub.e2A), as indicated in table 4 below.

(45) The self-invertible inverse latices resulting from these mixtures are respectively noted (E.sub.C8) and (E.sub.C9). They are evaluated as in the preceding section II. The results obtained are given in table 4 below:

(46) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 5 Self-invertible inverse latices (E.sub.c8) (E.sub.C9) Mass proportion of surfactant composition tested contained in the self-invertible inverse latex (C.sub.e2A): 5% (C.sub.e2A): 5.5% Viscosity of the aqueous gels and of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. (in mPa .Math. s) (Brookfield RVT) Gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 6, speed 5) 159 000 163 000 Gel containing 3% by mass of self-invertible inverse latex + 0.1% by mass of NaCl (spindle 6, speed 5) mPa .Math. s  16 480  15 400 Self-invertible inverse latex (spindle 3, speed 20) Not measured Not measurable Inversion time in minutes    90     8 Appearance of the self-invertible inverse latex at 25° C. Homogeneous, viscous latex Viscous, heterogeneous, runny latex

(47) The self-invertible inverse latices (E.sub.c8) and (E.sub.c9), free of alkoxylated derivatives, do not make it possible to obtain a smooth gel with an inversion time of less than 10 minutes and having a homogeneous appearance.

(48) VI: Illustrative Formulations

(49) In the formulations below, the percentages are expressed as mass percentages per 100% of the mass of the formulation.

(50) VI.sub.A— Cleaning Composition for Ovens and Cooking Grills

(51) TABLE-US-00005 Ingredients Mass content Simulsol ™OX1309L.sup.(1) 2% Simulsol ™SL7G.sup.(2) 2% Composition (E.sub.1) 6% Sodium hydroxide: 25%  Water: qs 100% .sup.(1)Simulsol ™ OX1309L: detergent surfactant composition sold by the company SEPPIC, comprising polyethoxylated alcohols resulting from the reaction of 1 molar equivalent of an alcohol sold under the brand name Exxal ™13 with 9 molar equivalents of ethylene oxide. .sup.(2)Simulsol ™SL7G: solution of n-heptyl polyglucosides, hydrotropic and solubilizing agent sold by the company SEPPIC
Preparation

(52) a) A pre-gel is prepared at 20° C. by adding Simulsol™ OX1309L and then Simulsol™ SL7G in water. Composition (E.sub.1) according to the invention is then introduced into the aqueous solution and mixed until a gel of stable viscosity is obtained.

(53) b) Sodium hydroxide is then gradually introduced with mechanical stirring at a temperature of 20° C. until a homogeneous gel is obtained.

(54) The gel obtained on conclusion of step b) is of homogeneous and clear appearance, with a viscosity of 10 000 mPa.Math.s (Brookfield LVT at a speed of 6 rpm). After a period of storage of 6 months at 25° C., the gel obtained on conclusion of step b) of this procedure is of homogeneous and clear appearance, with a viscosity of 12 000 mPa.Math.s (Brookfield LVT at a speed of 6 rpm).

(55) Cleaning Process

(56) The composition prepared above is sprayed at room temperature onto the walls of an oven soiled with food grease and onto the cooking grills also soiled with food grease. After 10 minutes, the walls of the oven and of the cooking grills are rinsed with hot water at 60° C. The walls of the oven and the surfaces of the cooking grills thus cleaned no longer have any soiling.

(57) V.sub.B— Cleaning Agent for Aluminum Surfaces

(58) TABLE-US-00006 Ingredients Mass content Simulsol ™OX1309L 3% Simulsol ™SL7G 3% Composition (E.sub.1) 5% 75% phosphoric acid 40%  Hordaphos.sup.(3) MDGB 1% 5% Dipropylene glycol methyl ether  5%| Water: qs 100% .sup.(3)Hordaphos ™ MDGB is a composition based on phosphoric esters, used as anticorrosion agent.
Preparation

(59) Each ingredient is successively introduced into a mixing tank with moderate mechanical stirring, at room temperature, until a homogeneous, clear composition is obtained. Stirring is maintained for 30 minutes at 20° C. The composition obtained has a measured pH value of less than 1.0 and is clear and homogeneous after storage for a period of one month at 40° C.

(60) Cleaning Process

(61) The composition prepared in the preceding paragraph is diluted to 3% in water and the solution thus obtained is sprayed onto the aluminum wall to be cleaned. This wall is then rinsed with hot water at 60° C.