METHOD FOR PREDICTING DYNAMIC ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCs) AT DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS USING STATIC ADSORPTION ISOTHERM

Abstract

Provided is a method for predicting a dynamic adsorption capacity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at different concentrations using a static adsorption isotherm. A static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s of the VOCs at different pressures is initially obtained, and then a dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp and a dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the multiple concentrations are obtained. A conversion relationship equation Formula 1 between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s at a same partial pressure is determined by statistics of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s at the same partial pressure. A curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure is finally obtained according to a change trend of the static adsorption isotherm with a pressure.

Claims

1. A method for predicting a dynamic adsorption capacity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at different concentrations using a static adsorption isotherm, the dynamic adsorption capacity comprising a dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and a dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp; wherein a process for predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds comprises: (1) providing two or more adsorbent materials with significantly different pore sizes, and then testing a static adsorption isotherm of each of the adsorbent materials on VOCs at multiple adsorption temperatures to obtain a static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s of the VOCs at different pressures; (2) testing a dynamic adsorption penetration curve of each of the adsorbent materials on the VOCs at multiple concentrations at the multiple adsorption temperatures to obtain the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the multiple concentrations; (3) calculating a partial pressure corresponding to the VOCs at each of the multiple concentrations in dynamic adsorption based on a saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at each of the multiple adsorption temperatures and a concentration-partial pressure conversion relationship, and then determining a conversion relationship equation Formula 1 between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s at a same partial pressure by statistics of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s at the same partial pressure, $\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=a{Q}_s,& \mathrm{Formula}1\end{array}$ where Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g, Q.sub.s represents the static adsorption capacity, in g/g, and a represents a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.s; (4) obtaining the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the same partial pressure in the static adsorption isotherm by combining the static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s corresponding to each pressure point in the static adsorption isotherm with Formula 1, and then obtaining a curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure according to a change trend of the static adsorption isotherm with a pressure, to obtain a Q.sub.ds prediction curve, thereby predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the different concentrations; and a process for predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp comprises: obtaining a proportional relationship equation Formula 2 between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp according to a comparison between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at a same concentration and a slope k of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve, $\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=b{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}},& \mathrm{Formula}2\end{array}$ where Q.sub.dp represents the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g, Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g, b satisfies an equation b=ck+d, and b represents a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.dp and Q.sub.ds at the same partial pressure, k represents the slope of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve, and c and d represent coefficients of the equation b=ck+d, which are obtained by solving an equation set using the slope k at two different positions on the Q.sub.ds prediction curve and a corresponding proportional relationship coefficient b as known numbers; and obtaining a curve of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp versus the partial pressure by combining the curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure with Formula 2, to obtain a Q.sub.dp prediction curve, thereby predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp of the VOCs at the different concentrations.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the process for predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity further comprises: dividing each pressure point on the static adsorption isotherm, the Q.sub.ds prediction curve, and the Q.sub.dp prediction curve by a saturated vapor pressure at a corresponding temperature to obtain a normalized static adsorption isotherm, a normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve, and a normalized Q.sub.dp prediction curve after partial pressure normalization, and then obtaining a general Q.sub.dp prediction equation Formula 3 that is not affected by an adsorption temperature difference by combining a slope k.sub.1 of the normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve, $\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=b_1{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}},& \mathrm{Formula}3\end{array}$ where Q.sub.dp represents the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g, Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g, b.sub.1 satisfies an equation b.sub.1=c.sub.1k.sub.1+d.sub.1, and b.sub.1 represents a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.dp and Q.sub.ds at a same relative partial pressure P/P.sub.0, P represents a pressure on the static adsorption isotherm, and P.sub.0 represents a saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at a specific temperature, k.sub.1 represents the slope of the normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve relative to the saturated vapor pressure, and c.sub.1 and d.sub.1 represent coefficients of the equation b.sub.1=c.sub.1k.sub.1+d.sub.1, which are obtained by solving an equation set using the slope k.sub.1 at two different positions on the normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve and a corresponding proportional relationship coefficient b.sub.1 as known numbers.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the adsorbent materials is independently at least one selected from the group consisting of an activated carbon, a porous silica, and a molecular sieve.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the adsorbent materials independently has an average pore size of 0 nm to 10 nm.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the significantly different pore sizes indicate that average pore sizes of different adsorbent materials have a difference not less than 2 nm.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the VOCs are selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon organic matter, an oxygen-containing organic matter, a halogen-containing organic matter, a nitrogen-containing organic matter, and a sulfur-containing organic matter.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), a number of the multiple adsorption temperatures is equal to or greater than 2.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), a concentration number of the VOCs at the multiple concentrations is equal to or greater than 2.

9. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the adsorbent materials independently has an average pore size of 0 nm to 10 nm.

10. The method of claim 2, wherein the significantly different pore sizes indicate that average pore sizes of different adsorbent materials have a difference equal to or greater than 2 nm.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] FIG. 1 shows the equation and curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity of VOCs versus the partial pressure obtained the method in an embodiment of the present disclosure based on the static adsorption isotherm;

[0046] FIG. 2 shows the pore size distribution curves of each adsorbent material in Example 1;

[0047] FIGS. 3A-3D show the static adsorption isotherms of various adsorbent materials on benzene at multiple adsorption temperatures in Example 1;

[0048] FIGS. 4A-4D show the dynamic adsorption penetrated curves of various adsorbent materials on benzene at a concentration of 2,000 ppm at multiple adsorption temperatures in Example 1;

[0049] FIGS. 5A-5D show the dynamic adsorption penetrated curves of various adsorbent materials on benzene at a concentration of 10% of the saturated vapor pressure (25 C.) at multiple adsorption temperatures in Example 1;

[0050] FIGS. 6A-6D show the dynamic adsorption penetrated curves of various adsorbent materials on benzene at a concentration of 50% of the saturated vapor pressure (25 C.) at multiple adsorption temperatures in Example 1;

[0051] FIG. 7 shows the fitting results of the linear relationship between the static adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity of ACF-2.0, OMC-5.5, and OMC-7.5 at the same partial pressure in Example 1 and the proportional relationship formula between the two capacities;

[0052] FIGS. 8A-8C show the prediction curve of Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure obtained according to the correlation relationship between Q.sub.s and Q.sub.ds at the same partial pressure in Example 1 and the comparison of the obtained values with the measured values;

[0053] FIG. 9 shows the adsorption isotherm of OMC-5.5 at 35 C. and the curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure in Example 1, as well as the influence of the slope k of the curve on the difference between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp;

[0054] FIGS. 10A-10C show the prediction equation and curve of Q.sub.dp versus the partial pressure at each temperature obtained according to the correlation relationship between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp at 25 C., 35 C., and 45 C. in Example 1;

[0055] FIGS. 11A-11D show the adsorption isotherms at relative partial pressures normalized (P/P.sub.0) to the saturated vapor pressure (P.sub.0) at respective adsorption temperatures in Example 2;

[0056] FIG. 12 shows the normalized (P/P.sub.0) adsorption isotherm and the curve of Q.sub.ds versus the relative partial pressure in Example 2, as well as the influence of the slope of the curve on the difference between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp;

[0057] FIGS. 13A-13D show the general Q.sub.dp prediction equation applicable to different adsorption temperatures and the prediction curve of Q.sub.dp versus the partial pressure at different adsorption temperatures obtained according to the normalized (P/P.sub.0) correlation relationship between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp in Example 2; and

[0058] FIGS. 14A-14B show the prediction curves of Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp obtained using Formula 3 in Example 2, and the comparison of the obtained Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp values with the measured Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp values.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0059] The present disclosure provides a method for predicting a dynamic adsorption capacity of VOCs at different concentrations using a static adsorption isotherm, the dynamic adsorption capacity including a dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and a dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp; where a process for predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds includes the following steps: [0060] (1) providing two or more adsorbent materials with significantly different pore sizes, and then testing a static adsorption isotherm of each of the adsorbent materials on VOCs at multiple adsorption temperatures to obtain a static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s of the VOCs at different pressures; [0061] (2) testing a dynamic adsorption penetration curve of each of the adsorbent materials on the VOCs at multiple concentrations at the multiple adsorption temperatures to obtain the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at a specific concentration; [0062] (3) calculating a partial pressure corresponding to the VOCs at each of the multiple concentrations in dynamic adsorption based on a saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at each of the multiple adsorption temperatures and a concentration-partial pressure conversion relationship, and then determining a conversion relationship equation Formula 1 between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s at a same partial pressure by statistics of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s at the same partial pressure;

[00004]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=a{Q}_s,& \mathrm{Formula}1\end{array}$

where [0063] in Formula 1, [0064] Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0065] Q.sub.s represents the static adsorption capacity, in g/g; and [0066] a represents a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.s; and [0067] (4) obtaining the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the same partial pressure in the static adsorption isotherm by combining the static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s corresponding to each pressure point in the static adsorption isotherm with Formula 1, and then obtaining a curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure according to a change trend of the static adsorption isotherm with a pressure, to obtain a Q.sub.ds prediction curve, thereby predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the different concentrations; and [0068] a process for predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp includes the following steps: [0069] obtaining a proportional relationship equation Formula 2 between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp according to a comparison between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at a same concentration and a slope k of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve;

[00005]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=b{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}},& \mathrm{Formula}2\end{array}$

where [0070] in Formula 2, [0071] Q.sub.dp represents the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0072] Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0073] b satisfies an equation b=ck+d, and b represents a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.dp and Q.sub.ds at the same partial pressure; [0074] k represents the slope of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve; [0075] c and d represent coefficients of the equation b=ck+d, which are obtained by solving an equation set using the slope k at two different positions on the Q.sub.ds prediction curve and a corresponding proportional relationship coefficient b as known numbers; and [0076] obtaining a curve of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp versus the partial pressure by combining the curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure with Formula 2, to obtain a Q.sub.dp prediction curve, thereby predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp of the VOCs at the different concentrations.

[0077] In the present disclosure, a process for predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds includes the following steps:

[0078] In the present disclosure, two or more adsorbent materials with significantly different pore sizes are provided, and then a static adsorption isotherm of each of the adsorbent materials on VOCs at multiple adsorption temperatures is tested to obtain a static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s of the VOCs at different pressures. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the adsorbent materials is independently at least one selected from the group consisting of an activated carbon, a porous silica, and a molecular sieve. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the adsorbent materials independently has an average pore size of 0 nm to 10 nm, and a pore size distribution of each adsorbent material is within a range of micropores and small mesopores. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the significantly different pore sizes indicate that average pore sizes of different adsorbent materials have a difference not less than 2 nm.

[0079] As a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the adsorbent materials include ACF-2.0, OMC-5.5, or/and OMC-7.5, the ACF-2.0 has an average pore size of 2.0 nm, the OMC-5.5 has an average pore size of 5.5 nm, and the OMC-7.5 has an average pore size of 7.5 nm.

[0080] In some embodiments the present disclosure, the VOCs are selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon organic matter, an oxygen-containing organic matter, a halogen-containing organic matter, a nitrogen-containing organic matter, and a sulfur-containing organic matter. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hydrocarbon organic matter is selected from the group consisting of an alkane, an alkene, an alkyne, and an aromatic hydrocarbon; the oxygen-containing organic matter is selected from the group consisting of an aldehyde organic matter, a ketone organic matter, an alcohol organic matter, and an ester organic matter. As a specific embodiment, the VOCs are benzene.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a number of the multiple adsorption temperatures is not less than 2. As a specific embodiment, the multiple adsorption temperatures include 25 C., 35 C., and 45 C.

[0082] In the present disclosure, the static adsorption isotherm is a curve showing changes of the static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s with a pressure.

[0083] In the present disclosure, a dynamic adsorption penetration curve of each of the adsorbent materials on the VOCs at multiple concentrations at the multiple adsorption temperatures is tested to obtain the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at a specific concentration. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds are calculated by combining a gas flow rate, a concentration of VOCs, an amount of each adsorbent material, a penetration time, and a saturation time.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a concentration number of the VOCs at the multiple concentrations is not less than 2. As a specific embodiment, the multiple concentrations of the VOCs include 2,000 ppm, 10% saturated vapor pressure, and 50% saturated vapor pressure.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs is calculated according to Formula 4:

[00006]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=\frac{FM}{V_{m}m}\left(c_0{t}_{\mathrm{ds}}-\underset{0}{\overset{t_{\mathrm{ds}}}{}}{c}_i\mathrm{dt}\right),& \mathrm{Formula}4\end{array}$

where [0086] in Formula 4, [0087] Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0088] F represents a total gas flow rate, in L/min; [0089] M represents a molar mass of an adsorbate, in g/mol; [0090] V.sub.m represents a molar volume of a gas, satisfying V.sub.m=22.4 L/mol; [0091] m represents a net weight of an adsorbent, in g; [0092] c.sub.0 represents an initial VOCs concentration at an inlet of an adsorbent bed, in ppm; [0093] c.sub.i represents a VOCs concentration at an outlet of the adsorbent bed, in ppm, and when adsorption saturation is satisfied, c.sub.i=c.sub.0; [0094] t represents a adsorption time, in min; [0095] t.sub.ds represents the saturation time, which is a time taken for when an outlet concentration of the adsorbent bed is the same as an inlet concentration, in min.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp of the VOCs is calculated according to Formula 5:

[00007]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=\frac{FM}{V_{m}m}\left(c_0{t}_{\mathrm{dp}}-\underset{0}{\overset{t_{\mathrm{dp}}}{}}{c}_i\mathrm{dt}\right),& \mathrm{Formula}5\end{array}$

where [0097] in Formula 5, [0098] the meanings of F, M, V.sub.m, m, c.sub.0, and t are the same as those in Formula 4; [0099] Q.sub.dp represents the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0100] t.sub.dp represents the penetration time, which is a time taken for the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the adsorbent bed to reach 5% of the inlet concentration, in min; [0101] c.sub.i represents the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the adsorbent bed, in ppm, and when adsorption penetration is satisfied, c.sub.i=5%c.sub.0.

[0102] In the present disclosure, a partial pressure is calculated corresponding to the VOCs at each of the multiple concentrations in dynamic adsorption based on a saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at each of the multiple adsorption temperatures and a concentration-partial pressure conversion relationship, and then a conversion relationship between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s at a same partial pressure is determined by statistics of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s at the same partial pressure, namely Formula 1;

[00008]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=a{Q}_s,& \mathrm{Formula}1\end{array}$

where [0103] in Formula 1, [0104] Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0105] Q.sub.s represents the static adsorption capacity, in g/g; and [0106] a represents a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.s.

[0107] In the present disclosure, a concentration of dynamic adsorption and a pressure of static adsorption essentially reflect an amount of VOCs molecules in a unit space, and both can be expressed by partial pressure. The pressure of static adsorption of the VOCs is in mbar, and the concentration of dynamic adsorption of the VOCs is in ppm or percentage of saturated vapor pressure, both can be uniformly converted to mbar, that is, partial pressure. For specific VOCs, each temperature corresponds to a specific saturated vapor pressure constant.

[0108] In the present disclosure, the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the same partial pressure in the static adsorption isotherm is obtained by combining the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s corresponding to each pressure point in the static adsorption isotherm with Formula 1, and then a curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure is obtained according to a change trend of the static adsorption isotherm with a pressure, to obtain a Q.sub.ds prediction curve, thereby predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the different concentrations.

[0109] In the present disclosure, a process for predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp includes the following steps:

[0110] In the present disclosure, a proportional relationship equation between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp is obtained according to a comparison between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at a same concentration and a slope k of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve, namely Formula 2;

[00009]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=b{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}},& \mathrm{Formula}2\end{array}$

where [0111] in Formula 2, [0112] Q.sub.dp represents the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0113] Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0114] b satisfies an equation b=ck+d, and b represents a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.dp and Q.sub.ds at the same partial pressure; [0115] k represents the slope of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve; [0116] c and d represent coefficients of the equation b=ck+d, which are obtained by solving an equation set using the slope k at two different positions on the Q.sub.ds prediction curve and a corresponding proportional relationship coefficient b as known numbers; and [0117] a curve of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp versus the partial pressure is obtained by combining the curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure with Formula 2, i.e., a Q.sub.dp prediction curve, thereby predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp of the VOCs at the different concentrations. Specifically, based on the comparison of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at the same concentration, and combined with the characteristics of dynamic penetration curves of different materials, the proportional relationship between the above two is obtained, that is, Formula 2; combined with the curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure, the curve of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp versus the partial pressure is obtained, such that the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp can be predicted at the different concentrations.

[0118] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each pressure point on the static adsorption isotherm, the Q.sub.ds prediction curve, and the Q.sub.dp prediction curve is divided by a saturated vapor pressure at a corresponding temperature to obtain a normalized static adsorption isotherm, a normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve, and a normalized Q.sub.dp prediction curve after partial pressure normalization, and then a general Q.sub.dp prediction equation that is applicable to different adsorption temperatures and not affected by an adsorption temperature difference is obtained by combining a slope k.sub.1 of the normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve, namely Formula 3;

[00010]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=b_1{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}},& \mathrm{Formula}3\end{array}$

where [0119] in Formula 3, [0120] Q.sub.dp represents the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0121] Q.sub.ds represents the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0122] b.sub.1 satisfies an equation b.sub.1=c.sub.1k.sub.1+d.sub.1, and b.sub.1 represents a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.dp and Q.sub.ds at a same relative partial pressure P/P.sub.0, P represents a pressure on the static adsorption isotherm, and P.sub.0 represents a saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at a specific temperature; [0123] k.sub.1 represents the slope of the normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve relative to the saturated vapor pressure; and [0124] c.sub.1 and d.sub.1 represent coefficients of the equation b.sub.1=c.sub.1k.sub.1+d.sub.1, which are obtained by solving an equation set using the slope k.sub.1 at two different positions on the Q.sub.ds prediction curve and a corresponding proportional relationship coefficient b.sub.1 as known numbers.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Q.sub.ds prediction curves at different adsorption temperatures are normalized relative to the saturated vapor pressure at each temperature to obtain a curve of Q.sub.dp versus concentration at the different temperatures using Formula 3, thereby predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at the different temperatures and concentrations.

[0126] A concentration of the VOCs in a dynamic adsorption test is matched with a pressure of the VOCs in a static adsorption test reveals a correlation relationship between the dynamic adsorption capacity and the static adsorption capacity at a same partial pressure. A change of the adsorption capacity due to different partial pressures in the static adsorption isotherm reveals a law of how the adsorption capacity of adsorbent materials versus VOCs concentration during dynamic adsorption, and an equation and a curve for predicting the adsorption capacity of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity versus the partial pressure are obtained. Furthermore, by normalizing a Q.sub.ds prediction curve relative to a saturated vapor pressure and combining the influence of the slope k, a general Q.sub.dp prediction equation that is not affected by an adsorption temperature difference is obtained to effectively overcome the influence of the adsorption temperature difference, thus achieving prediction of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity of the VOCs at the different temperatures and different concentrations.

[0127] The method for predicting the dynamic adsorption capacity of VOCs at different concentrations using the static adsorption isotherm provided by the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the examples, but these examples may not be understood as a limitation to the scope of the present disclosure.

EXAMPLE 1

[0128] (1) Two or more adsorbent materials with significantly different pore sizes were provided, and then a static adsorption isotherm of each of the adsorbent materials on VOCs at multiple adsorption temperatures was tested to obtain a static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s of the VOCs at different pressures.

[0129] ACF-2.0, OMC-5.5, and OMC-7.5 carbon materials with average pore sizes of 2.0 nm, 5.5 nm, and 7.5 nm, respectively, were used as adsorbents (FIG. 2) to test their static adsorption isotherms for benzene at 25 C., 35 C., and 45 C., respectively (FIGS. 3A-3D).

[0130] The static adsorption isotherm of benzene adsorption on activated carbon fibers with micropores is mainly a typical type I adsorption isotherm, showing typical characteristics that the adsorption capacity increases rapidly and approaches saturation under a relatively low pressure, and the increase in pressure has little effect on the adsorption capacity. This is mainly because the pore structure of ACF-2.0 is mainly micropores below 2 nm. The superposition of an adsorption potential of adjacent pore walls in micropores with a size similar to that of VOCs molecules leads to an enhanced adsorption force, resulting in micropore filling manifested in the adsorption isotherm as a type I adsorption isotherm.

[0131] The adsorption of benzene on mesoporous OMC materials is a typical type IV adsorption isotherm, which roughly includes three stages. In the initial stage of adsorption, the adsorption capacity increases slowly with the increase of vapor pressure, which should be attributed to the process in which benzene molecules gradually form a monolayer adsorption on the pore surface of OMCs. In the middle stage of adsorption, the adsorption capacity of benzene rises rapidly on the isotherm, which is caused by the capillary condensation occurring in the concentrated pores. In the third stage of adsorption, the isotherm reaches a plateau and the adsorption capacity increases only slightly, which is mainly caused by the rearrangement of benzene molecules adsorbed in the pores of OMCs in a volume-filling manner. In the middle stage of the type IV adsorption isotherm, the filling adsorption caused by capillary condensation has a large contribution to the adsorption capacity, accounting for more than 50% of a total adsorption capacity.

[0132] (2) A dynamic adsorption penetration curve of each of the adsorbent materials on the VOCs at multiple concentrations at the multiple adsorption temperatures was tested to obtain the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at a specific concentration combined with a gas flow rate, a VOCs concentration, an amount of each adsorbent material, a penetration time, and a saturation time.

[0133] Dynamic adsorption penetration curves of ACF-2.0, OMC-5.5, and OMC-7.5 at 25 C., 35 C., and 45 C. for benzene with concentrations of 2,000 ppm, 10% saturated vapor pressure (25 C.), and 50% saturated vapor pressure (25 C.) were tested (FIGS. 4A-4D, FIGS. 5A-5D, FIGS. 6A-6D, respectively). The dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity of benzene at a specific concentration were calculated based on a penetration curve combined with the gas flow rate, a benzene concentration, the amount of each adsorbent material, the penetration time, and the saturation time.

[0134] The dynamic saturated adsorption capacity of each of the adsorbent materials was calculated by Formula 4:

[00011]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=\frac{FM}{V_{m}m}\left(c_0{t}_{\mathrm{ds}}-\underset{0}{\stackrel{t_{\mathrm{ds}}}{}}{c}_i\mathrm{dt}\right),& \mathrm{Formula}4\end{array}$

where [0135] in Formula 4, [0136] Q.sub.ds represented the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0137] F represented a total gas flow rate, in L/min; [0138] M represented a molar mass of an adsorbate, in g/mol; [0139] V.sub.m represented a molar volume of a gas, satisfying V.sub.m=22.4 L/mol; [0140] m represented a net weight of an adsorbent, in g; [0141] c.sub.0 represented an initial VOCs concentration at an inlet of an adsorbent bed, in ppm; [0142] c.sub.i represented a VOCs concentration at an outlet of the adsorbent bed, in ppm, and when adsorption saturation was satisfied, c.sub.i=c.sub.0; [0143] t represented an adsorption time, in min; [0144] t.sub.ds represented the saturation time, which was a time taken for when an outlet concentration of the adsorbent bed was the same as an inlet concentration.

[0145] The dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity of each of the adsorbent materials was calculated by Formula 5:

[00012]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=\frac{FM}{V_{m}m}\left(c_0{t}_{\mathrm{dp}}-\underset{0}{\stackrel{t_{\mathrm{dp}}}{}}{c}_i\mathrm{dt}\right),& \mathrm{Formula}5\end{array}$

where [0146] in Formula 5, [0147] the meanings of F, M, V.sub.m, m, c.sub.0, and t were the same as those in Formula 4; [0148] Q.sub.dp represented the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0149] t.sub.dp represented the penetration time, which was a time taken for the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the adsorbent bed to reach 5% of the inlet concentration, in min; [0150] c.sub.i represented the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the adsorbent bed, in ppm, and when adsorption penetration was satisfied, c.sub.i=5%C.sub.0.

[0151] In this example, the adsorbate used was benzene, with a total flow rate of F=0.02 L/min; gas inlet concentrations were 2,000 ppm, 10% benzene saturated vapor pressure at 25 C. (i.e. 10%127.61 mbar1,000 mbar=12.810.sup.3 ppm), and 50% benzene saturated vapor pressure at 25 C. (i.e. 50%127.61 mbar1,000 mbar=63.810.sup.3 ppm); a molar mass of benzene was M=78 g/mol; an amount of adsorbent used was m=0.2 g.

[0152] It is seen from the adsorption penetration curve that with the increase of adsorption temperature, the saturated and penetrated adsorption capacities gradually decrease, which is reflected in shorter penetration time and saturation time on the penetration curve, and there are certain differences in the sensitivity of different adsorbent materials to temperature at different concentrations. When the same adsorbents adsorb multiple concentrations of benzene at the same temperature, the adsorption penetration time and saturation time gradually shorten as the benzene concentration increases, but the adsorption capacity is usually greater due to a higher concentration. Since micropores have a relatively strong adsorption capacity, filling-type adsorption could be realized at relatively low concentrations to achieve a relatively high pore volume utilization rate, and therefore is less affected by concentration changes. The pore volume utilization rate of larger mesopores is greatly affected by the VOCs concentration. The adsorption capacity is poor at low concentrations. A high adsorption utilization rate could be maintained only when the concentration exceeds a certain value and most of the pore volume could be filled with adsorption. The results of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity versus concentration are similar to the trend of the static adsorption capacity versus pressure.

[0153] (3) A partial pressure corresponding to the VOCs at each of the multiple concentrations in dynamic adsorption was calculated based on a saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at a specific adsorption temperature and a concentration-partial pressure conversion relationship, and then a conversion relationship between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s at a same partial pressure was determined by statistics of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the static adsorption capacities Q.sub.s at the same partial pressure, namely Formula 1;

[00013]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=a{Q}_s,& \mathrm{Formula}1\end{array}$

where [0154] in Formula 1, [0155] Q.sub.ds represented the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0156] Q.sub.s represented the static adsorption capacity, in g/g; and [0157] a represented a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.s.

[0158] A saturated vapor pressure of benzene at 25 C. was 127.61 mbar. Calculated partial pressures corresponding to concentrations of 2,000 ppm (ppm represented parts per million), 10% saturated vapor pressure (25 C.), and 50% saturated vapor pressure (25 C.) were 2 mbar, 12.8 mbar, and 63.8 mbar, respectively.

[0159] A calculation process was as follows:

[00014]$2000\mathrm{ppm}1000\mathrm{mbar}=2\mathrm{mbar};$$10\%P_0=12.8\mathrm{mbar};$$50\%P_0=63.8\mathrm{mbar};$

where [0160] P.sub.0 represented a saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at a specific temperature, and the saturated vapor pressure of benzene at 25 C. was 127.61 mbar.

[0161] Dynamic saturated adsorption capacities of ACF-2.0, OMC-5.5, and OMC-7.5 at partial pressures of 2 mbar, 12.8 mbar, and 63.8 mbar, respectively, as well as static adsorption capacities at the same partial pressures are shown in Table 1. The comparison shows that under the same conditions, the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity is generally low than the static adsorption capacity. This is because under dynamic adsorption conditions, benzene as the adsorbate is continuously transported to the adsorbent bed in a N.sub.2 gas flow. Before and during dynamic adsorption, pores of the adsorbent are not vacuum, but occupied by a certain amount of gas (such as nitrogen, air). Compared with static adsorption, dynamic adsorption of the VOCs on the adsorbent materials also involves the diffusion and replacement of VOCs molecules and other gases in the pores. Due to incomplete replacement, some non-VOCs gases (such as nitrogen, air) might occupy the pores with VOCs adsorption capacity, resulting in a loss of adsorption capacity. Therefore, the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity is generally slightly lower than the static adsorption capacity.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Static adsorption capacity (Q.sub.s) and dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) of benzene for each adsorbent material at partial pressures of 2 mbar, 12.8 mbar, and 63.8 mbar 25 C. 35 C. 45 C. Adsorbent P Q.sub.s Q.sub.ds Q.sub.s Q.sub.ds Q.sub.s Q.sub.ds material (mbar) (g/g) (g/g) (g/g) (g/g) (g/g) (g/g) ACF-2.0 2.0 0.330 0.249 0.306 0.230 0.284 2.224 12.8 0.367 0.345 0.3530 0.3420 0.3430 0.3170 63.8 0.393 0.247 0.379 0.204 0.374 0.202 OMC-5.5 2.0 0.183 0.189 0.1560 0.1340 0.1410 0.1180 12.70 0.271 0.250 0.2430 0.2240 0.2180 0.1720 63.8 0.729 0.613 0.486 0.358 0.341 0.228 OMC-7.5 2.0 0.111 0.106 0.0920 0.0740 0.0920 0.0720 12.8 0.170 0.156 0.1510 0.1410 0.1460 0.1330 63.8 0.535 0.560 0.259 0.271 0.221 0.163

[0162] Based on the above static adsorption experiments and dynamic adsorption experiments, the static adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity at the same partial pressure were obtained, as shown in Table 1. By linear fitting on the static adsorption capacity (Q.sub.s) and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) at the same partial pressure, it was found that the two adsorption capacity values could be well fitted, and a linear relationship equation Q.sub.ds=0.8Q.sub.s was obtained, that is, the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity at the same partial pressure is approximately 0.8 times the static adsorption capacity at a corresponding partial pressure, as shown in FIG. 7.

[0163] (4) A dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the same partial pressure in the static adsorption isotherm was obtained by combining the static adsorption capacity Q.sub.s corresponding to each pressure point in the static adsorption isotherm with Formula 1, and then a curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure was obtained according to a change trend of the static adsorption isotherm with a pressure, to obtain a Q.sub.ds prediction curve, thereby predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds of the VOCs at the different concentrations.

[0164] A empirical formula Q.sub.ds=0.8Q.sub.s was combined with the static adsorption isotherm to obtain a predicted value of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity at the same partial pressure and a law of its change with partial pressure, as shown in FIGS. 8A-8C. In the adsorption, based on an objective rule that the partial pressure in the adsorption could have an important influence on the adsorption capacity of the VOCs, the static adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity at a same partial pressure are compared to find a corresponding relationship between the above two capacities. A changing trend of the adsorption capacity of adsorbent materials for VOCs in static adsorption with a increase of VOCs pressure could be explored, and a curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity versus VOCs concentration in dynamic adsorption could fully reflect the adsorption performance of the adsorbent materials for the VOCs.

[0165] (5) Based on a comparison of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at a same concentration, and combined with an influence of a slope k of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve on a difference between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp, a proportional relationship equation between the two capacities was obtained; and combined with the curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds versus the partial pressure, a curve of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp versus concentration was obtained using Formula 2, thereby predicting the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at the different concentrations.

[0166] The dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity of each adsorbent are shown in Table 2, and the difference between the two capacities is affected by factors such as a pore structure of materials, the adsorption temperature, and the VOCs concentration. A trend of the static adsorption isotherm versus the partial pressure in FIGS. 8A-8C reveals that there is a large difference between the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, which generally occurs at a position where the static adsorption isotherm changes steeply at the same partial pressure. This is mainly because the adsorption force is relatively weak at the adsorption conditions. Although a higher VOCs partial pressure could enhance the adsorption effect to a certain extent, the overall adsorption reserve is insufficient and needs to take a longer time to reach saturation. In the fast rising region of the adsorption isotherm (e.g., dynamic penetrated and saturated adsorption capacities at a pressure of 63.8 mbar are quite different for OMC-5.5 at 25 C. and 35 C., and for OMC-7.5 at 25 C.), the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity is approximately 0.7 times the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, as shown in FIG. 9. In the region where the adsorption capacity changes relatively gently in the adsorption isotherm, the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity is approximately 0.9 times the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Comparison between dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) and dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) 25 C. 35 C. 45 C. Adsorbent P Q.sub.dp Q.sub.ds Q.sub.dp Q.sub.ds Q.sub.dp Q.sub.ds material (mbar) (g/g) (g/g) Difference (g/g) (g/g) Difference (g/g) (g/g) Difference ACF-2.0 2.0 0.241 0.249 3% 0.223 0.230 3% 0.216 0.224 3% 12.8 0.321 0.345 7% 0.324 0.342 5% 0.300 0.317 5% 63.8 0.224 0.247 9% 0.180 0.204 12% 0.180 0.202 11% OMC-5.5 2.0 0.181 0.189 4% 0.117 0.134 13% 0.112 0.118 5% 12.8 0.227 0.250 9% 0.202 0.224 10% 0.137 0.172 20% 63.8 0.449 0.613 27% 0.271 0.358 24% 0.180 0.228 21% OMC-7.5 2.0 0.095 0.106 10% 0.064 0.074 14% 0.062 0.072 14% 12.8 0.128 0.156 18% 0.123 0.141 13% 0.103 0.133 23% 63.8 0.358 0.560 36% 0.224 0.271 17% 0.136 0.163 17%

[0167] The shape of the relative pressure position in the adsorption isotherm might affect a similarity between the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity. In the fast rising region of the adsorption isotherm, a small increase in pressure could cause a large increase in adsorption. This stage also needs to take a longer time to reach adsorption saturation, resulting in a larger difference between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity. In the VOCs process, there is a synergistic relationship between factors such as pore size, adsorption temperature, and VOCs partial pressure. Smaller pore size, lower adsorption temperature, and higher partial pressure are all conducive to an enhancement of adsorption force. In the region where the adsorption isotherm changes gently, it is understood that under a synergistic effect of various influencing factors, the adsorption force is in excess for the pore volume and the specific surface area that could contribute to the adsorption capacity, and the adsorption equilibrium could be reached quickly. In the region where the adsorption isotherm changes steeply, the adsorption force is slightly higher than the desorption process for the pore volume and the specific surface area that could contribute to the adsorption capacity, but there is no significant difference. That is, there is no additional adsorption force reserve, and it needs to take a longer time to reach the adsorption equilibrium, resulting in a larger difference between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity.

[0168] Therefore, it is inferred that the proportional relationship between the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity is related to the slope of a trend curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity versus the partial pressure. Thus, the proportional relationship between the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and a law of its change with the slope could be obtained according to the slope of the curve at different stages. A proportional relationship equation between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp was obtained according to a comparison between the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at a same concentration and combining an influence of a slope k of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve on a difference between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp, namely Formula 2;

[00015]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=b{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}},& \mathrm{Formula}2\end{array}$

where [0169] in Formula 2, [0170] Q.sub.dp represented the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0171] Q.sub.ds represented the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0172] k represented the slope of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve; [0173] b satisfied an equation b=ck+d, and b represented a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.dp and Q.sub.ds at the same partial pressure; [0174] c and d represented coefficients of the equation b=ck+d, which were obtained by solving an equation set using the slope k at two different positions on the Q.sub.ds prediction curve and a corresponding proportional relationship coefficient b as known numbers.

[0175] Taking a trend curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity of benzene on OMC-5.5 at 35 C. versus the relative partial pressure as an example, when a pressure is about 63.8 mbar, a slope of the curve is about 0.00755, and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity at this time is about 0.7 times the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity. When a pressure is about 12.8 mbar, a slope of the curve is about 0.00272, and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity at this time is about 0.9 times the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, as shown in FIG. 9. Two sets of data (c, d), (0.00755, 0.7) and (0.00272, 0.9), were substituted into a linear equation (b=ck+d) to solve (c=41.7, d=1), and to obtain a correlation equation b=141.7k between the slope k and a multiple relationship b (Q.sub.dp=bQ.sub.ds). Thus, a conversion relationship equation was obtained between the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) of benzene adsorption at 35 C.:

[00016]$Q_{\mathrm{dp}}=\left(1-41.7k\right)Q_{\mathrm{ds}};$

[0176] Q.sub.dp represented the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, Q.sub.ds represented the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity; b=141.7k, and b represented a multiple relationship between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp (b=Q.sub.dp/Q.sub.ds), and k represented the slope of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve.

[0177] Therefore, based on a comparison of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) at a same concentration, a conversion relationship between the two capacities was obtained (Q.sub.dp=(141.7k)Q.sub.ds). Combined with the curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) versus the partial pressure, a curve of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) versus concentration was obtained, and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) of benzene at the different concentrations in dynamic adsorption at 35 C. was predicted.

[0178] The above method was used to obtain curves of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) of benzene corresponding to 25 C. and 45 C. versus the concentration. Conversion equations between the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) of benzene at 25 C., 35 C., and 45 C. were as follows:

[00017]$\mathrm{at}25C.,Q_{\mathrm{dp}}=b{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=\left(1-25.2k\right)Q_{\mathrm{ds}};$$\mathrm{at}35C.,Q_{\mathrm{dp}}=b{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=\left(1-41.7k\right)Q_{\mathrm{ds}};$$\mathrm{at}45C.,Q_{\mathrm{dp}}=b{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=\left(1-60.4k\right)Q_{\mathrm{ds}};$

where [0179] Q.sub.dp represented the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; Q.sub.ds represented the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, in g/g; b represented the multiple relationship between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp (b=Q.sub.dp/Q.sub.ds), and k represented the slope of the Q.sub.ds prediction curve. FIGS. 10A-10C show curves of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) of benzene at 25 C., 35 C., and 45 C. versus the concentration obtained by Formula 2.

EXAMPLE 2

[0180] Each pressure point on the static adsorption isotherm in step (1) of Example 1, the Q.sub.ds prediction curve in step (4), and the Q.sub.dp prediction curve in step (5) was divided by a saturated vapor pressure at a corresponding temperature, and a curve normalized by partial pressure was obtained. Combined with an influence of a slope k.sub.1 of a normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve, a general Q.sub.dp prediction equation applicable to different adsorption temperatures, i.e., being not affected by an adsorption temperature difference, was obtained as shown in Formula 3, and a normalized prediction curve of Q.sub.dp versus the partial pressure was obtained as shown in FIG. 1.

[00018]$\begin{array}{cc}{Q}_{\mathrm{dp}}=b_1{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}},& \mathrm{Formula}3\end{array}$

where [0181] in Formula 3, [0182] Q.sub.dp represented the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0183] Q.sub.ds represented the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity; [0184] b.sub.1=c.sub.1k.sub.1+d.sub.1, and b.sub.1 represented a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.dp and Q.sub.ds at a same relative partial pressure P/P.sub.0, P represented a pressure on the static adsorption isotherm, and P.sub.0 represented a saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at a specific temperature; [0185] k.sub.1 represented the slope of the normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve normalized relative to the saturated vapor pressure; and [0186] c.sub.1 and d.sub.1 represented coefficients of the equation b.sub.1=c.sub.1k.sub.1+d.sub.1, which were obtained by solving an equation set using the slope k.sub.1 at two different positions on the normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve and a corresponding proportional relationship coefficient b.sub.1 as known numbers.

[0187] From results of the curve of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) of benzene corresponding to 25 C., 35 C. and 45 C. versus the concentration obtained in Example 1, it is seen that the adsorption temperature has an important influence on the adsorption of the VOCs. Due to different adsorption temperatures, the corresponding saturated vapor pressure is different. For example, The saturated vapor pressure of benzene is 127.61 mbar at 25 C., 198.63 mbar at 35 C., and 299.20 mbar at 45 C. This might result in different coefficients in the conversion equation between the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) of the same adsorbent at different temperatures. However, adsorption isotherms of the same adsorbent materials at different temperatures have similar shapes overall. P represents the pressure on the static adsorption isotherm, and P.sub.0 represents the saturated vapor pressure of the VOCs at the specific temperature; by introducing relative pressure, that is, all pressure points on the adsorption isotherm are normalized with respect to the saturated vapor pressure at the adsorption temperature, and the saturated vapor pressure is taken as 1, a normalized curve could be obtained, as shown in FIGS. 11A-11D.

[0188] Each pressure point on the adsorption isotherm is divided by a saturated vapor pressure at a corresponding temperature to obtain an adsorption isotherm after partial pressure normalization at the corresponding temperature, such that it might be possible to predict adsorption isotherms at different temperatures using one equation. Taking a trend curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity on OMC-5.5 at 35 C. versus the relative partial pressure as an example, when a relative partial pressure is about 0.3212 (partial pressure is 63.8 mbar), a slope of a curve is about 1.5, and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity at this time is about 0.7 times the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity. When a relative partial pressure is about 0.0644 (partial pressure is 12.8 mbar), a slope of the curve is about 0.54, and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity at this time is about 0.9 times the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity, as shown in FIG. 12. Two sets of data (k.sub.1, b.sub.1), (1.5, 0.7) and (0.5, 0.9), were substituted into a linear equation (b.sub.1=c.sub.1k.sub.1+d.sub.1) to solve (c.sub.1=0.17, d.sub.1=1), and to obtain a correlation equation b.sub.1=10.17k.sub.1 between a slope k.sub.1 and a multiple relationship b.sub.1 (Q.sub.dp=b.sub.1Q.sub.ds). Thus, a conversion relationship equation was obtained between the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.ds) at the same relative pressure:

[00019]$Q_{\mathrm{dp}}=b_1{Q}_{\mathrm{ds}}=\left(1-0.17k_1\right)Q_{\mathrm{ds}},$ [0189] Q.sub.dp represented the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity, in g/g; [0190] Q.sub.ds represented the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity; [0191] b.sub.1=10.17k.sub.1, and b.sub.1 represented a proportional relationship coefficient between Q.sub.dp and Q.sub.ds at the same relative partial pressure (P/P.sub.0); k.sub.1 represented the slope of the normalized Q.sub.ds prediction curve relative to the saturated vapor pressure.

[0192] The equation (Formula 3) obtained after curves of different adsorption temperatures were normalized relative to the saturated vapor pressure at each temperature could be used to predict the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp at the different temperatures, as shown in FIGS. 13A-13D. A same equation could be used to obtain a curve of Q.sub.dp versus the relative partial pressure at the different temperatures to predict the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity (Q.sub.dp) at the different temperatures and concentrations. The Q.sub.ds prediction curve at the relative partial pressure and the Q.sub.dp prediction curve obtained by Formula 3 were compared with the measured dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the measured dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp, as shown in FIGS. 14A-14B. It is found that prediction curves could well conform to a trend of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity Q.sub.ds and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity Q.sub.dp versus the relative partial pressure.

[0193] In summary, the method of the present disclosure can obtain the conversion relationship between the dynamic adsorption capacity and the static adsorption capacity under a premise of a same partial pressure. In the adsorption, based on an objective rule that the relative partial pressure could have an important influence on the adsorption capacity of VOCs, the static adsorption capacity and the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity at the same partial pressure are compared to find a corresponding relationship between the above two capacities. A changing trend of the adsorption capacity of adsorbent materials for VOCs in static adsorption with the increase of VOCs pressure can be used to obtain a curve of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity versus VOCs concentration in dynamic adsorption, thereby predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity of the VOCs at different concentrations. Combined with an influence of a slope k of a Q.sub.ds prediction curve on a difference between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp, a proportional relationship between Q.sub.ds and Q.sub.dp is revealed to achieve a prediction of the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity at different concentrations, thereby fully reflecting the adsorption performance of the adsorbent materials for VOCs. Normalizing the partial pressure relative to a saturated vapor pressure can effectively overcome the influence of adsorption temperature differences, and obtain a general Q.sub.dp prediction equation applicable to different adsorption temperatures and a Q.sub.dp prediction curve versus the partial pressure at the different adsorption temperatures, thereby predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity of VOCs at the different temperatures and concentrations. Due to differences in material pore structure, adsorption temperature, VOCs type, partial pressure and other factors, the conversion coefficient between dynamic adsorption capacity and static adsorption capacity in the method of the present disclosure may be different in other types of VOCs and under different adsorption conditions. The method is able to obtain corresponding coefficients and conversion relationships, thereby predicting the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity at different concentrations under the corresponding test conditions.

[0194] The method helps to improve understanding on the adsorption of gaseous pollutants and build a bridge for the conversion relationship between the static adsorption capacity and the dynamic adsorption capacity of VOCs. The method can use a static adsorption isotherm of adsorbent materials to obtain curves of the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity versus concentration, so as to predict the dynamic saturated adsorption capacity and the dynamic penetrated adsorption capacity of the VOCs at the different concentrations. As a result, the method provide a reference for the development of efficient adsorbent materials and technologies for VOCs.

[0195] The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may further make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present disclosure, but such improvements and modifications should be deemed as falling within the scope of the present disclosure.