Adhesive, electronic apparatus, and optical apparatus

Abstract

To provide an adhesive suitable to bond a component of an electronic apparatus or an optical apparatus, as well as an electronic apparatus and an optical apparatus in which the adhesive is used. An adhesive according to an embodiment of the present technology includes a flexible adhesive material and a plurality of particles. The adhesive material is flexible. The plurality of particles is dispersed in the adhesive material, the plurality of particles being deformed under a low-rate load and not being deformed under a high-rate load.

Claims

1. An adhesive, comprising: a flexible adhesive material; and a plurality of particles dispersed in the adhesive material, the plurality of particles being deformed under a low-rate load and not being deformed under a high-rate load, wherein the adhesive material and the plurality of particles are deformed under the low-rate load, wherein, under the high-rate load, the adhesive material is deformed, and particles of the plurality of particles are situated close to one another without being deformed, wherein each of the plurality of particles includes a flexible outer shell, fluid contained in the outer shell, and a plurality of hard particles dispersed in the fluid, wherein the fluid is silicone oil, and wherein each of the plurality of hard particles is a silica particle.

2. An electronic apparatus, comprising: an adhesive that includes a flexible adhesive material, and a plurality of particles dispersed in the adhesive material, the plurality of particles being deformed under a low-rate load and not being deformed under a high-rate load, wherein the adhesive material and the plurality of particles are deformed under the low-rate load, wherein, under the high-rate load, the adhesive material is deformed, and particles of the plurality of particles are situated close to one another without being deformed, wherein each of the plurality of particles includes a flexible outer shell, fluid contained in the outer shell, and a plurality of hard particles dispersed in the fluid, wherein the fluid is silicone oil, and wherein each of the plurality of hard particles is a silica particle; and an electronic component bonded with the adhesive.

3. An optical apparatus, comprising: an adhesive that includes a flexible adhesive material, and a plurality of particles dispersed in the adhesive material, the plurality of particles being deformed under a low-rate load and not being deformed under a high-rate load, wherein the adhesive material and the plurality of particles are deformed under the low-rate load, wherein, under the high-rate load, the adhesive material is deformed, and particles of the plurality of particles are situated close to one another without being deformed, wherein each of the plurality of particles includes a flexible outer shell, fluid contained in the outer shell, and a plurality of hard particles dispersed in the fluid, wherein the fluid is silicone oil, and wherein each of the plurality of hard particles is a silica particle; and an optical component bonded with the adhesive.

4. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein the plurality of particles are dilatant particles.

5. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein the low-rate load has a loading rate of 9.8 m/s.sup.2 or less.

6. The adhesive of claim 5, wherein the high-rate load has a loading rate of 49 m/s.sup.2 or more.

7. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein the outer shell has a Young's modulus of 100 MPa or less.

8. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein the fluid contained in the outer shell has a kinetic velocity of not less than 10 mm.sup.2/s and not greater than 150 mm.sup.2/s at 25° C.

9. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein the fluid contained in the outer shell has a kinetic velocity of not less than 30 mm.sup.2/s and not greater than 100 mm.sup.2/s at 25° C.

10. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein a diameter of the hard particles is not less than lnm and not greater than 30 μm.

11. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein a diameter of the hard particles is not less than 500 nm and not greater than 2.5 μm.

12. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein the silicone oil is present in an amount that is not less than 22 parts by mass and not greater than 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica particles.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a structure of an adhesive according to an embodiment of the present technology.

(2) FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a change in a state of a dilatant particle included in the adhesive.

(3) FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a structure of the dilatant particle included in the adhesive.

(4) FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a structure of the dilatant particle included in the adhesive.

(5) FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a state of bonding components using the adhesive.

(6) FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a state of the adhesive when the adhesive is subjected to a low-rate load.

(7) FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a state of the adhesive when the adhesive is subjected to a high-rate load.

(8) FIG. 8 is a graph showing a result of measuring the adhesive in an optimal blending proportion using a rheometer.

(9) FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a configuration of a double-sided tape according to an embodiment of the present technology.

MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(10) An adhesive according to an embodiment of the present technology is described. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a structure of an adhesive 100 according to the present embodiment.

(11) As illustrated in the figure, the adhesive 100 includes an adhesive material 110 and dilatant particles 120.

(12) [Regarding Adhesive Material]

(13) The adhesive material 110 is flexible, and is deformed under a load. It is desirable that the adhesive material 110 be fluid when the adhesive material 110 is applied to a bonding-target component, and be flexible after bonding is performed. The composition of the adhesive material 110 is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient if the adhesive material 110 is flexible. Specifically, it is desirable that the hardened adhesive material 110 have a Young's modulus of 100 MPa or less.

(14) [Regarding Dilatant Particle]

(15) As illustrated in FIG. 1, the dilatant particles 120 are dispersed in the adhesive material 110. The dilatant particle 120 is a particle that exhibits a dilatant property. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the dilatant particle 120. The dilatant particle 120 exhibits a property (the dilatant property) of being deformed depending on a low-rate load when the dilatant particle 120 is subjected to the low-rate load (F1 in the figure), as illustrated in (a) of FIG. 2, and of not being deformed when the dilatant particle 120 is subjected to a high-rate load (F2 in the figure), as illustrated in (b) of FIG. 2. Note that the low-rate load is a load with a loading rate of 9.8 m/s.sup.2 or less, and the high-rate load is a load with a loading rate of 49 m/s.sup.2 or more.

(16) The dilatant particle 120 may be a capsule exhibiting the dilatant property or a particle exhibiting the dilatant property.

(17) <Regarding Capsule>

(18) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a capsule 130 that can be used as the dilatant particle 120. As illustrated in the figure, the capsule 130 includes an outer shell 131, fluid 132, and hard particles 133.

(19) The outer shell 131 includes a flexible material. The material and the thickness of the outer shell 131 are not particularly limited, and it is sufficient if the outer shell 131 is flexible. Specifically, it is desirable that the outer shell 131 have a Young's modulus of 100 MPa or less.

(20) The fluid 132 is contained in the outer shell 131. The kinetic viscosity of the fluid 132 is desirably not less than 10 mm.sup.2/s and not greater than 150 mm.sup.2/s at a room temperature of 25° C., and more desirably, not less than 30 mm.sup.2/s and not greater than 100 mm.sup.2/s at a room temperature of 25° C. Note that the kinetic viscosity described above is a value measured using an Ubbelohde viscometer per ASTM D445-46T.

(21) It is desirable that the material of the fluid 132 be a material that does not occur, for example, thermal decomposition or decay, and the material of the fluid 132 may be, for example, silicone oil. For example, KF-96L-30 (Shin-Etsu Silicone) or KF-96L-100 (Shin-Etsu Silicone) may be used as the silicone oil.

(22) The hard particles 133 are dispersed in the fluid 132, and are hard particles that are not deformed under a load. Regarding the size of the hard particle 133, the diameter of the hard particle 133 is desirably not less than 1 nm and not greater than 30 μm, and more desirably, not less than 500 nm and not greater than 2.5 μm. Table 1 shows a result of an experiment regarding an optimal particle diameter of a silica particle that can be used as the hard particle 133, where ∘ represents the case of exhibiting the dilatant property, and X represents the case of not exhibiting the dilatant property.

(23) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Silica particle (fixed at 7 g) Kinetic viscosity of oil 0.1 0.3 0.5 1.0 2.5 Proportion Mass μm μm μm μm μm 30100 mm/s 22 1.54 X X X X X ※ Blending 25 1.75 X X X X X proportion of 28 1.96 X X X X ◯ oil when silica 31 2.17 X X X X ◯ particle is 100 34 2.38 X X X ◯ ◯ parts by mass 37 2.59 X X ◯ ◯ ◯ 37.5 2.62 X X ◯ ◯ ◯ 38 2.66 X X ◯ ◯ X 38.5 2.70 X X ◯ ◯ X 39 2.74 X X ◯ X X 40 2.82 X X X X X 41 2.90 X X X X X 42 2.98 X X X X X

(24) The hard particle 133 may be, for example, a silica particle. For example, KE-P50 (NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.), KE-P100 (NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.), KE-P250 (NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.), KE-S50 (NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.), KE-S100 (NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.), and KE-S250 (NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.) may be used as the silica particle. Note that there exists a hydrophilic treatment or a hydrophobic treatment as a method for treating the surface of a silica particle in order to develop a dilatant property, but there is not a great difference between these treatments.

(25) Regarding the blending amount of the hard particle 133 and the fluid 132, it is desirable that, when the hard particle 133 is a silica particle and the fluid 132 is silicone oil, silicone oil be in an amount that is not less than 22 parts by mass and not greater than 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica particle, since this results in exhibiting a dilatant property. It is more desirable that, for example, when the particle diameter is 500 nm, silicone oil be in an amount that is not less than 37 parts by mass and not greater than 39 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica particle, since this results in significantly exhibiting a dilatant property. FIG. 8 illustrates a result of measurement performed in an optimal blending proportion using a rheometer.

(26) <Regarding Particle>

(27) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a particle 140 that can be used as the dilatant particle 120. As illustrated in the figure, the particle 140 is a particle including a specific material, and is, for example, synthetic resin formed into a particle. The material of the particle 140 is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient if the particle 140 exhibits a dilatant property.

(28) Further, the application to D30 using 3179 Dilatant Compound (Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd.) as the particle 140 may be acceptable.

(29) The dilatant particle 120 may be the capsule 130 or the particle 140 described above, or may be both the capsule 130 and the particle 140. The particle size of the dilatant particle 120 and the blending proportion of the dilatant particle 120 to the adhesive material 110 are not particularly limited, and can be adjusted in a range in which the adhesive 100 exhibits a dilatancy described later.

(30) [Action of Adhesive]

(31) An action of the adhesive 100 is described. FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a state of bonding performed using the adhesive 100, and an example in which a component P1 and a component P2 are bonded to each other with the adhesive 100, is described. For example, an equivalent effect can be provided in a state of bonding the two components as illustrated in FIG. 5, or in a state of bonding more than two components. As illustrated in the figure, the component P1 and the component P2 are in contact with the adhesive material 110, and bonded to each other due to an adhesive power of the adhesive material 110. The dilatant particles 120 are separated from one another.

(32) FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a state of the adhesive 100 when the adhesive 100 is subjected to a low-rate load. When a low-rate load (G1 in the figure) is applied in a direction of stretching the adhesive 100, as illustrated in (a) of FIG. 6, or when the low-rate load (G1 in the figure) is applied in a direction of compressing the adhesive 100, as illustrated in (b) of FIG. 6, both the adhesive material 110 and the dilatant particles 120 are deformed according to the low-rate load.

(33) This enables the component P1 and the component P2 to move, in a state of being bonded to each other, in a certain range according to the load. When the load is no longer applied, the deformation of the adhesive material 110 and the dilatant particles 120 is overcome, as illustrated in FIG. 1, and the adhesive 100 returns to its original state.

(34) FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a state of the adhesive 100 when the adhesive 100 is subjected to a high-rate load. When a high-rate load (G2 in the figure) is applied in a direction of stretching or compressing the adhesive 100 as illustrated in the figure, the adhesive material 110 is deformed according to the high-rate load. On the other hand, the dilatant particles 120 are not deformed under the high-rate load, as described above, and the dilatant particles 120 are situated close to one another and the positions of the dilatant particles 120 are fixed, as illustrated in FIG. 7. Note that the state of the dilatant particles 120 being situated close to one another refers to a state in which the dilatant particles 120 are in contact with one another, or the dilatant particles are situated closer to one another than when blending is performed.

(35) This results in fixing the respective positions of the component P1 and the component P2, and in firmly bonding the component P1 and the component P2 to each other with a great stiffness. When the load is no longer applied, the deformation of the adhesive material 110 is overcome, as illustrated in FIG. 1, and the adhesive 100 returns to its original state.

(36) As described above, the adhesive 100 is deformed according to a low-rate load when the adhesive 100 is subjected to the low-rate load, and the adhesive 100 can maintain firm bonding when the adhesive 100 is subjected to a high-rate load. Thus, the adhesive 100 serves as a dilatancy adhesive having a flexibility that varies according to a loading rate.

(37) [Examples of Application]

(38) The adhesive 100 according to the present embodiment can be used to bond an optical component in an optical apparatus such as a camera and a projector.

(39) In general, if an adhesive used to bond an optical component is hard, an optical distortion may occur in the optical component at the ordinary temperature or a low temperature. On the other hand, if an adhesive used to bond an optical component is soft, the position of the optical component may be shifted or the optical component may be broken when an optical apparatus experiences an impact due to, for example, being dropped.

(40) Here, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of an optical distortion by bonding an optical component with the adhesive 100, since the adhesive 100 is flexible at the ordinary temperature or a low temperature. Further, it is possible to improve a withstanding performance since there is an increase in the stiffness of the adhesive 100 when an optical apparatus experiences an impact.

(41) Furthermore, the adhesive 100 according to the present embodiment can be used to bond a waterproof bonding portion, such as a portion between electronic components in an electronic apparatus such as a smartphone or a portable music apparatus, the waterproof bonding portion being a portion for which waterproofness is particularly necessary.

(42) When an adhesive used for a waterproof bonding portion is hard, a water leak may occur. On the other hand, when an adhesive used for a waterproof bonding portion is soft, the position of the optical component may be shifted or the optical component may be broken when an optical apparatus experiences an impact due to, for example, being dropped.

(43) Here, it is possible to ensure waterproofness by bonding a waterproof bonding portion with the adhesive 100, since the adhesive 100 is flexible at the ordinary temperature or a low temperature. Further, it is possible to improve a withstanding performance since there is an increase in the stiffness of the adhesive 100 when an optical apparatus experiences an impact.

(44) Further, the application of the adhesive 100 may be a protector application other than the application of fixation of a component. For example, it is possible to provide a function that prevents a breakage due to dropping, by applying the adhesive 100 to a corner or an edge of a housing of, for example, a replacement lens for a camera, a digital video camera, and a drone. Furthermore, the adhesive 100 may be applied to protect a component included in the housing. It is also possible to provide a function that prevents a breakage due to dropping, by applying the adhesive 100 to, for example, a portion around a battery in a smartphone, or a portion around a hard disk or a memory in a personal computer.

(45) The present technology is not necessarily limited to the adhesive, and it may be a pressure-sensitive adhesive (a double-sided tape). FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a pressure-sensitive adhesive 150. As illustrated in (a) of FIG. 9, the double-sided tape 150 includes pressure-sensitive adhesive materials 151 that are stacked on both front and back faces of a base material B, in which the dilatant particles 120 are dispersed in the pressure-sensitive adhesive material 151. The pressure-sensitive adhesive material 151 has a configuration identical to the configuration of the adhesive material 110.

(46) Further, as illustrated in (b) of FIG. 9, the double-sided tape 150 may only include, without including a base material, the pressure-sensitive adhesive material 151 in which the dilatant particles 120 are dispersed. Note that the particle size of the dilatant particle 120 and the blending proportion of the dilatant particle 120 to the pressure-sensitive adhesive material 151 are not particularly limited, and can be adjusted in a range in which the double-sided tape 150 exhibits a dilatancy, as in the case of the adhesive 100.

(47) As described above, the adhesive 100 makes it possible to provide two different properties (trade-off properties) of suppressing a distortion and withstanding an impact, or of being waterproof and withstanding an impact. Further, there is additionally no need to supplement the functionality with a plurality of components, and this results in being able to, for example, save space and reduce production costs.

(48) Note that the present technology may also take the following configurations.

(49) (1) An adhesive including:

(50) a flexible adhesive material; and

(51) a plurality of particles dispersed in the adhesive material, the plurality of particles being deformed under a low-rate load and not being deformed under a high-rate load.

(52) (2) The adhesive according to (1), in which

(53) the adhesive material and the plurality of particles are deformed under the low-rate load, and

(54) under the high-rate load, the adhesive material is deformed, and particles of the plurality of particles are situated close to one another without being deformed.

(55) (3) The adhesive according to (1) or (2), in which

(56) each of the plurality of particles includes a flexible outer shell, fluid contained in the outer shell, and a plurality of hard particles dispersed in the fluid.

(57) (4) The adhesive according to (3), in which

(58) the fluid is silicone oil, and

(59) each of the plurality of hard particles is a silica particle.

(60) (5) The adhesive according to (1) or (2), in which

(61) each of the plurality of particles includes synthetic resin formed into a particle.

(62) (6) An electronic apparatus including:

(63) an adhesive that includes a flexible adhesive material, and a plurality of particles dispersed in the adhesive material, the plurality of particles being deformed under a low-rate load and not being deformed under a high-rate load; and

(64) an electronic component bonded with the adhesive.

(65) (7) An optical apparatus including:

(66) an adhesive that includes a flexible adhesive material, and a plurality of particles dispersed in the adhesive material, the plurality of particles being deformed under a low-rate load and not being deformed under a high-rate load; and

(67) an optical component bonded with the adhesive.

(68) (8) An adhesive including:

(69) an adhesive material that is deformed under a load; and

(70) a plurality of particles dispersed in the adhesive material, the plurality of particles being deformed under a load with a loading rate that is not greater than a first loading rate, the plurality of particles not being deformed under a load with a loading rate that is greater than the first loading rate and not less than a second loading rate. 100 adhesive 110 adhesive material 120 dilatant particle 130 capsule 131 outer shell 132 fluid 133 hard particle 140 particle 150 pressure-sensitive adhesive (double-sided tape: with base material/without base material) 151 pressure-sensitive adhesive material