ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINE

Abstract

A rotating electrical machine may include a stator and a rotor. The stator may include a plurality of iron cores and a plurality of windings. The plurality of windings may include a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding connected in a delta connection. The first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding may each be connected in series with a respective crossover wire. The first and third phase windings may be wound in a first winding direction. The second phase winding may be wound in a second winding direction. A first crossover wire connecting the first phase winding and/or a third crossover wire connecting the third phase winding may be arranged on a first side of the stator. A second crossover wire connecting the second phase winding may be arranged on a second side of the stator.

Claims

1. A rotating electrical machine, comprising: a stator including a plurality of iron cores arranged along a circumference and a plurality of windings wound on each of the plurality of iron cores; a rotor including a plurality of permanent magnets arranged to have different magnetism along the circumference; the plurality of windings including a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding connected in a delta connection; the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding each connected in series with a respective crossover wire; wherein a winding direction of the first phase winding and a winding direction of the third phase winding is a first winding direction; wherein a winding direction of the second phase winding is a second winding direction, which is opposite the first winding direction; wherein a first crossover wire connecting the first phase winding is arranged on a first side of the stator; wherein a second crossover wire connecting the second phase winding is arranged on a second side of the stator disposed opposite the first side; and wherein a third crossover wire connecting the third phase winding is arranged on the first side of the stator.

2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding each include a first terminal and a second terminal; the first terminal of the serially connected first phase winding and the second terminal of the serially connected third phase winding are connected; the second terminal of the serially connected second phase winding and the second terminal of the serially connected first phase winding are connected; and the first terminal of the serially connected third phase winding and the first terminal of the serially connected second phase winding are connected.

3. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein the first side includes a connection area for a plurality of contact points where the first terminal and the second terminal of the first phase winding, the first terminal and the second terminal of the second phase winding, and the first terminal and the second terminal of the third phase winding are connected respectively, and for a lead wire connecting to an external section.

4. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electrical machine is configured as a generator in which electromotive force is provided in the plurality of windings via rotation of the rotor.

5. A stator, comprising: a plurality of iron cores arranged along a circumference; a plurality of windings wound on each of the plurality of iron cores; the plurality of windings including a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding connected in a delta connection; the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding each connected in series with a respective crossover wire; wherein a winding direction of the first phase winding and a winding direction of the third phase winding is a first winding direction; wherein a winding direction of the second phase winding is a second winding direction, which is opposite the first winding direction; wherein a first crossover wire connecting the first phase winding is arranged on a first side of the stator; wherein a second crossover wire connecting the second phase winding is arranged on a second side of the stator disposed opposite the first side; and wherein a third crossover wire connecting the third phase winding is arranged on the first side of the stator.

6. The stator according to claim 5, wherein: the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding each include a first terminal and a second terminal; the first terminal of the serially connected first phase winding and the second terminal of the serially connected third phase winding are connected; the second terminal of the serially connected second phase winding and the second terminal of the serially connected first phase winding are connected; and the first terminal of the serially connected third phase winding and the first terminal of the serially connected second phase winding are connected.

7. The stator according to claim 6, wherein the first side includes a connection area for a plurality of contact points where the first terminal and the second terminal of the first phase winding, the first terminal and the second terminal of the second phase winding, and the first terminal and the second terminal of the third phase winding are connected respectively, and for a lead wire connecting to an external section.

8. The stator according to claim 5, wherein: the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding each include a first terminal and a second terminal; the first terminal of the serially connected first phase winding and the second terminal of the serially connected third phase winding are connected at a first contact point; the second terminal of the serially connected second phase winding and the second terminal of the serially connected first phase winding are connected at a second contact point; and the first terminal of the serially connected third phase winding and the first terminal of the serially connected second phase winding are connected at a third contact point.

9. The stator according to claim 8, wherein the first contact point, the second contact point, and the third contact point are disposed in a connection area of the first side of the stator.

10. The stator according to claim 9, further comprising a lead wire connected to an external section, wherein the lead wire is disposed at least partially in the connection area.

11. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding each include a first terminal and a second terminal; the first terminal of the serially connected first phase winding and the second terminal of the serially connected third phase winding are connected at a first contact point; the second terminal of the serially connected second phase winding and the second terminal of the serially connected first phase winding are connected at a second contact point; and the first terminal of the serially connected third phase winding and the first terminal of the serially connected second phase winding are connected at a third contact point.

12. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 11, wherein the first contact point, the second contact point, and the third contact point are disposed in a connection area of the first side of the stator.

13. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 12, further comprising a lead wire connected to an external section, wherein the lead wire is disposed at least partially in the connection area.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG. 1A shows a front side view of the overall structure of the generator of the present embodiment.

[0027] FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view of the generator in FIG. 1A.

[0028] FIG. 2 shows the stator prior to winding the coil.

[0029] FIG. 3 shows the structure of the coil to be wound on the stator.

[0030] FIG. 4 shows an arrangement example of the crossover wire of the coil of the stator of the present embodiment.

[0031] FIGS. 5A through 5C show the winding structure on the stator for the generator of the present embodiment.

[0032] FIG. 5A shows an external view of the stator on which the coil is wound.

[0033] FIG. 5B shows an enlarged fragmentary external view of the A side of the stator.

[0034] FIG. 5C shows an enlarged fragmentary external view of the B side of the stator.

[0035] FIG. 6 shows the stator prior to winding the coil on the stator of the related art.

[0036] FIG. 7 shows the structure of the coil to be wound on the stator of the related art.

[0037] FIGS. 8A and 8B show the crossover wire for the coil of the stator utilized in the generator of the related art.

[0038] FIG. 8A shows an outer view of the delta connection stator of the related art on which coils are wound.

[0039] FIG. 8B shows an enlarged outer view of one surface of the stator in FIG. 8A.

[0040] FIGS. 9A and 9B show the winding structure on the stator utilized in the generator of the related art.

[0041] FIG. 9A shows the structure of the crossover wire of the delta connection stator of the related art.

[0042] FIG. 9B shows the structure of the crossover wire of Patent Literature 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Specific examples of the embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, common structural elements of the embodiments are designated with identical reference numerals and redundant descriptions are omitted. In the following embodiments, a generator is utilized as an example of the rotating electrical machine.

[0044] FIGS. 1A and 1B show drawings showing the overall structure of the generator of the present embodiments. FIG. 1A is a drawing showing the generator as seen from the front side, and FIG. 1B is a drawing showing a cross-section of the generator in FIG. 1A.

[0045] A generator 1 as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B has a structure including a rotor 10 and a stator 20 arranged coaxially. The generator 1 of the present embodiment is an outer rotor type generator in which the rotor 10 is configured to enclose the stator 20 at the edge of the rotor 10.

[0046] The rotor 10 includes a rotor body 11, a magnet 12, and a magnet case 13. The rotor body 11 is configured to allow rotation of the rotor 10 centering on a rotation axis R for insertion of a rotary member such as a crankshaft. In other words, when the crankshaft rotates, the rotor 10 is inter-connected to also rotate centering on the rotation axis R A cooling hole h1 is also formed on the rotor body 11.

[0047] The magnet 12 is arranged circumferentially along the edge of the rotor body 11 in a state held within a magnet case 13. The magnet 12 is a permanent magnet arranged to have different magnetism along the circumference. The magnet 12 is installed for example along the circumference prior to magnetization and then magnetized such that the N poles and S poles are alternately arrayed at fixed intervals.

[0048] The stator 20 includes a stator body 21, an iron core 22, and a coil (winding) 23. The coil 23 can be configured from a conductive member covered by an insulation coating on the periphery. The iron core 22 is formed to protrude at the outer circumference of the stator body 21 and the coil 23 is wound on the iron core 22. The stator body 21 has a hole h2 for insertion of a fixation screw, etc., to fix the generator 1.

[0049] The generator 1 is configured from the magnet 12 of the rotor 10, and the coils 23 of the stator 20 wound on the iron core 22, facing each other. In the generator 1 configuration, the rotation of the rotor 10 centering on the rotation axis R due to a rotary member such as a crankshaft results in rotation of the magnet 12 alternately magnetized at the N and S poles along the circumference. The rotation of the rotor 10 results in a change in the magnetic field formed between the magnet 12 and the iron core 22 of the stator 20; and an electromotive force is generated in the coil 23 wound on the iron core 22 due to the electromagnetic induction effect so that electricity is generated by the flow of induced current.

[0050] In the generator of the present embodiment, the structure of the coil wound on the stator renders the effect that a high degree of insulation is maintained for the copper wire and facilitates the wiring during manufacture. The structure of the coil wound on the stator is described further.

[0051] The stator 20 utilized in the generator of the present embodiment has iron cores 22 with the three-phase coil 23 wound in a delta connection. In the present embodiment, a description is given utilizing a three-phase 18 pole stator as an example, however there is no particular limit on the number of poles.

[0052] FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the stator prior to winding the coil of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the structure of the coil wound on the stator of the present embodiment.

[0053] FIG. 2 shows the 18 pole iron cores 22_1, 22_2, 22_3, 22_4, 22_5, 22_6, 22_7, 22_8, 22_9, 22_10, 22_11, 22_12, 22_13, 22_14, 22_15, 22_16, 22_17, 22_18. The iron cores 22_1 through 22_18 may be referred to simply as “iron core 22” if not identifying them individually.

[0054] FIG. 3 shows the coils 23_1 (U1), 23_2 (U2), 23_3 (U3), 23_4 (U4), 23_5 (U5), 23_6 (U6) serially connected by a crossover wire 24a, the coils 23_7 (V1), 23_8 (V2), 23_9 (V3), 23_10 (V4), 23_11 (V5), 23_12 (V6) serially connected by a crossover wire 24b, and the coils 23_13 (W1), 23_14 (W2), 23_15 (W3), 23_16 (W4), 23_17 (W5), 23_18 (W6) serially connected by a crossover wire 24c. The coils 23_1 through 23_18 may be referred to simply as “coil 23” if not identifying them individually. The crossover wires 24a, 24b, and 24c may in the same way be referred to simply as “crossover wire 24” if not identifying them individually.

[0055] In the coil structure shown in FIG. 3, the coils 23_1 (U1), 23_2 (U2), 23_3 (U3), 23_4 (U4), 23_5 (U5), 23_6 (U6) are the coils 23U wound in the U phase (first phase); the coils 23_7 (V1), 23_8 (V2), 23_9 (V3), 23_10 (V4), 23_11 (V5), 23_12 (V6) are the coils 23V wound in the V phase (second phase); and the coils 23_13 (W1), 23_14 (W2), 23_15 (W3), 23_16 (W4), 23_17 (W5), 23_18 (W6) are the coils 23W wound in the W phase (third phase). Here, U1 through U6, V1 through V6, W through W6 for 23U, 23V, 23W are utilized for purposes of convenience to identify each phase.

[0056] In the structures shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, 18 coils 23_1 (U1), 23_2 (U2), 23_3 (U3), 23_4 (U4), 23_5 (U5), 23_6 (U6), 23_7 (V1), 23_8 (V2), 23_9 (V3), 23_10 (V4), 23_11 (V5), 23_12 (V6), coil 23_13 (W1), 23_14 (W2), 23_15 (W3), 23_16 (W4), 23_17 (W5), 23_18 (W6) can be respectively wound on the corresponding positions relative to the 18 pole iron cores 22_1 (U1), 22_2 (V1), 22_3 (W1), 22_4 (U2), 22_5 (V2), 22_6 (W2), 22_7 (U3), 22_8 (V3), 22_9 (W3), 22_10 (U4), 22_11 (V4), 22_12 (W4), 22_13 (U5), 22_14 (V5), 22_15 (W5), 22_16 (U6), 22_17 (V6), 22_18 (W6).

[0057] In other words, in regard to the U-phase, the coil 23_1 (U1) is wound on the iron core 22_1 (U1), and the coil 23_2 (U2) is wound on the iron core 22_4 (U2), and the coil 23_3 (U3) is wound on the iron core 22_7 (U3), and the coil 23_4 (U4) is wound on the iron core 22_10 (U4), and the coil 23_5 (U5) is wound on the iron core 22_13 (U5), and the coil 23_6 (U6) is wound on the iron core 22_16 (U6).

[0058] In regard to the V-phase, the coil 23_7 (V1) is wound on the iron core 22_2 (V1), and the coil 23_8 (V2) is wound on the iron core 22_5 (V2), and the coil 23_9 (V3) is wound on the iron core 22_8 (V3), and the coil 23_10 (V4) is wound on the iron core 22_11 (V4), and the coil 23_11 (V5) is wound on the iron core 22_14 (V5), and the coil 23_12 (V6) is wound on the iron core 22_17 (V6).

[0059] In regard to the W-phase, the coil 23_13 (W1) is wound on the iron core 22_3 (W1), and the coil 23_14 (W2) is wound on the iron core 22_6 (W2), and the coil 23_15 (W3) is wound on the iron core 22_9 (W3), and the coil 23_16 (W4) is wound on the iron core 22_12 (W4), and the coil 23_17 (W5) is wound on the iron core 22_15 (W5), and the coil 23_18 (W6) is wound on the iron core 22_18 (W6).

[0060] The position to wind the U-phase, V-phase, W-phase coils 23 on the iron cores 22 is in this way different only for the V-phase that is the middle phase. According to this configuration, the electrical characteristics of the terminals of the coil 23U, 23V, 23W for the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase are the same as the stator 20 of the related art shown in FIGS. 6, 7 even if only the V-phase coil that is in the middle is wound in the reverse winding direction.

[0061] In the coil configuration shown in FIG. 3, the U-phase (first phase) 23U and the W-phase (third phase) coil 23W are wound in the same winding direction, and only the V-phase (second phase) coil 23V is wound in the reverse winding direction. The three-phase coils 23U, 23V, 23W are connected in a delta connection. In other words, the terminal U1 (first terminal) for the coil 23U wound in the U-phase (first phase) and the terminal W6 (second terminal) for the coil 23W wound in the W-phase (third phase) are connected at the contact point X; the terminal V6 (second terminal) for the coil 23V wound in the V phase (second phase) and the terminal U6 (second terminal) for the coil 23U wound in the U-phase (first phase) are connected at the contact point Y; and the terminal W1 (first terminal) for the coil 23W wound in the W-phase and the terminal V1 (first terminal) for the coil 23V wound in the V-phase are connected at the contact point Z.

[0062] On the stator 20 of the present embodiment, only the V-phase coil 23V that is in the middle among the three phases is wound in the reverse winding direction so that the V-phase coil 23V is arranged in the direction reverse to the contact point. In other words, the U-phase coil 23U and the V-phase coil 23V are connected to the terminal (second terminal) for the coil 23_6 (U6) and the terminal (second terminal) for the coil 23_12 (V6). The V-phase coil 23V and the W-phase coil 23W are connected to the terminal (first terminal) for the coil 23_7 (V1) and the terminal (first terminal) for the coil 23_13 (W1). The W-phase coil 23W and the U-phase coil 23U are connected to the terminal (second terminal) of the coil 23_18 (W6) and the terminal (first terminal) of the coil 231 (U1).

[0063] By winding only the V-phase coil 23V in the reverse winding direction in this way, the terminals for the coils wound on adjacent iron cores are connected at each of the contact points, X, Y, and Z. In other words, the terminals for the coils wound on the adjacent iron cores W6 and U1 are connected at the contact point X; the terminals for the coils wound on the adjacent iron cores U6 and V6 are connected at the contact point Y; and the terminals for the coils wound on the adjacent iron cores V1 and W1 are connected at the contact point Z. According to this structure, the terminals of the coils to be connected are placed in close physical proximity, which leads easy assembly and is advantageous for maintaining insulation.

[0064] On the stator 20 of the present embodiment, the crossover wires 24a, 24c for the U-phase and W-phase coils 23U, 23W are arranged on the same surface, and only the crossover wire 24b for the V-phase coil 23V is arranged on an opposite surface.

[0065] FIG. 4 is a drawing showing an arrangement example of the crossover wire for the coil of the stator of the present embodiment.

[0066] FIG. 4 shows the crossover wire 24a for the U-phase coils 23_1 (U1), 23_2 (U2); the crossover wire 24b for the V-phase coils 23_7 (V1), 23_8 (V2); and the crossover wire 24c for the W-phase coils 23_13 (W1), 23_14 (W2). On the stator 20 of the present embodiment as shown in FIG. 4, the crossover wire 24a for the U-phase coil 23U and the crossover wire 24c for the W-phase coil 23W are arranged on the A side, and only the crossover wire 24b for the V-phase coil 23V is arranged on the B side positioned opposite the A side. Employing this structure ensures that no slanted crossover wire is formed, even if only the V-phase coil 23V is wound in the reverse winding direction to the other phase coils 23U, 23W. The crossover wire 24 in this way tends not to interfere with the winding of the other phase coils 23, and damage on the insulation coating is difficult to occur at the contact location with the crossover wire 24 for the other phase coils 23.

[0067] Furthermore, in the generator of the present embodiment, the three-phase coils 23 connected beforehand as a single coil at the contact points X, Y, Z may be wound on the iron core 22 rather than winding the coils 23 on the iron core 22 and connecting them at the contact points X, Y, Z after preparing the three-phase coils 23 to be wound on the stator as three separate coils.

[0068] In this case, first of all, the U-phase coil 23U can be wound in the sequence of U1-U2-U3-U4-U5-U6, next the V-phase coil 23V can be wound in the sequence of V6-V5-V4-V3-V2-V1, and the W-phase coil 23W can be wound in the sequence of W1-W2-W3-W4-W5-W6. Winding the coil 23 in this sequence allows easy winding. For winding, for example, a needle-type coil winder can be utilized.

[0069] FIGS. 5A-5C are drawings illustrating the winding structure on the stator for the generator of the present embodiment. FIG. 5A is a drawing showing an external view of the stator on which the coil is wound; FIG. 5B is a drawing showing an enlarged fragmentary external view of the A side; and FIG. 5C is a drawing showing an enlarged fragmentary external view of the B side.

[0070] As shown in FIGS. 5A-5C, in the stator 20 for the generator of the present embodiment, the crossover wire 24a for the U-phase coil 23U and the crossover wire 24c for the W-phase coil 23W are arranged on the A side; and the crossover wire 24b for the V-phase coil 23V is arranged on the B side. Therefore, even at a maximum there are two overlapping crossover wires 24, there is no need to depress the wires when there are limitations on the thickness or impregnate the coil with adhesive in manufacturing processes, which makes the winding easy.

[0071] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5A, the A side includes a connection area for the contact points X, Y, Z where the two terminals for the U-phase coil 23U, the two terminals for the V-phase coils 23V, and the two terminals for the W-phase coils 23W are connected respectively; and for the lead wire connecting to an external section. Arranging the connection area for the contact points X, Y, Z and the lead wire connecting to an external section in this way on the A side where the two crossover wires 24a, 24c are arranged reduces the number of conducting wires that are utilized to span adjacent iron cores and reach connection points. However, this structure is not always required and the B side may include the connection area.

Extension of the Embodiment

[0072] Specific examples are described based on the embodiment of the invention as rendered by the inventors. However, it is understood that the present invention is not limited by these examples and modifications not departing from the scope of the invention are permissible.

[0073] In the above embodiments, a generator utilized as the rotating electrical machine is described as an example, however, the present invention is not limited to this example and other electrical rotating machines such as motors may also be utilized. If utilizing a motor as the electrical rotating machine, by applying an electrical current flow to the coil 23, the iron cores 22 are magnetized by an electromagnetic induction effect, to rotate the rotor 10 by attracting and repelling the magnet 12.

[0074] The description of the embodiments utilizes an example for the case where the first phase of winding is U-phase, the second phase of winding is V-phase, and the third phase of winding is the W-phase, however, the present invention is not limited to the above. The invention is further not limited to the sequence of first phase, second phase, third phase as the winding sequence.