Method for guiding sales strategy of loquat fruits by evaluating and predicting quality of loquat fruits

Abstract

A method for guiding a sales strategy of loquat fruits by evaluating and predicting quality of the loquat fruits is provided. The method slices and stains an equatorial plane of an loquat fruit and calculates a lignified cell density P of the equatorial plane of the loquat fruit, so as to guide a current price of a batch of loquat fruits. The current price of the loquat fruits increases as P decreases. The method analyzes a growth stage of the lignified cells and predicts a quality change trend value T of the batch of loquat fruits, so as to guide a storage strategy based on T. The loquat fruits are suitable for storage and transportation when T is high, and the loquat fruits need to be sold as soon as possible when T is low.

Claims

1. A method of transporting loquat fruits for sale by evaluating and predicting quality of the loquat fruits, comprising the following steps: step 1: randomly selecting X samples from a batch of loquat fruits, and sequentially numbering the X samples as 1, 2, 3, . . . , X; step 2: cutting a j-th sample along an equatorial plane, removing half of the fruit and a core, freezing and slicing, staining with phloroglucinol, calculating a number N.sub.j of lignified cells in an entire slice of the equatorial plane, calculating a total area S.sub.j of the equatorial plane of pulp, and calculating a lignified cell density on the equatorial plane as P.sub.j=N.sub.j/S.sub.j; step 3: calculating a radius R.sub.j.sup.i and an equivalent cell wall thickness D.sub.j.sup.i of the N.sub.j lignified cells of the j-th sample, 1≤i≤N.sub.j, and calculating a lignification trend value of the j-th sample, $T_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N_j}{.Math.}}\left(\frac{1}{N_j}*\frac{D_j^i}{R_j^i}\right),$ wherein i is an i-th lignified cell of the j-th sample; step 4: setting a threshold P′ of the lignified cell density, calculating a number X′ of samples with P.sub.j<P′, and calculating a qualified rate Q=X′/X of the batch of loquat fruits; step 5: setting a qualified rate threshold Q′ and when Q≥Q′, the batch of loquat fruits is qualified, and proceeding with the following steps; step 6: calculating an average lignified cell density P=Σ.sub.j=1.sup.X(P.sub.j/X) and an average lignification trend value T=Σ.sub.j=1.sup.X(T.sub.j/X) of the batch of loquat fruits; step 7: grading the batch of loquat fruits according to the average lignification trend value, T, ordering one or more batches of loquat fruits from lowest to highest T values and processing the one of more batches of loquat fruits in order of lowest to highest T values to maximize overall shelf life; setting a transportation strategy based on T for a length of time the loquat fruits are transportable; and transporting, based on T, the one or more batches of loquat fruits for 5-10 days when T>0.9 or for 2-5 days when 0.7<T≤0.9 to another producing area for sale before the one or more batches of loquat fruits perish, thereby preventing waste.

2. The method of transporting loquat fruits for sale by evaluating and predicting the quality of the loquat fruits according to claim 1, wherein step 3 comprises: for an i-th lignified cell of the j-th sample, measuring an area S.sub.j.sup.i of the i-th lignified cell when the i-th lignified cell is not round, and calculating an equivalent radius R.sub.j.sup.i of the i-th lignified cell based on S.sub.j.sup.i=πR.sub.j.sup.i.sup.2; determining that the i-th lignified cell is a stage I lignified cell when a thickened cell wall of the i-th lignified cell is not ring-shaped, and calculating a thickness r and an arc length l of the thickened cell wall and an entire circumference C of the i-th lignified cell, $D_j^i=\frac{r*l}{C};$ determining that the i-th lignified cell is a stage II lignified cell when the thickened cell wall of the i-th lignified cell is ring-shaped, and directly measuring a thickness of the ring-shaped cell wall as D.sub.j.sup.i; and determining that the i-th lignified cell is a stage III lignified cell when the i-th lignified cell is thickened to be solid, D.sub.j.sup.i=R.sub.j.sup.i.

3. The method of transporting loquat fruits for sale by evaluating and predicting the quality of the loquat fruits according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, the threshold of the lignified of the lignified cell density per square centimeter is 50≤p′≤100.

4. The method of transporting loquat fruits for sale by evaluating and predicting the quality of the loquat fruits according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, 0.6≤Q′≤0.9.

5. The method of transporting loquat fruits for sale by evaluating and predicting the quality of the loquat fruits according to claim 1, wherein step 7 comprises: setting M−1 intermediate values in an ascending order between 0 and P′, namely P.sup.1, P.sup.2, P.sup.3 . . . P.sup.M−1, wherein P.sup.0=0, P.sup.m=P′, P.sup.m−1<P≤P.sup.m, 1≤m≤M; setting a current base price of the batch of loquat fruits as Y.sub.base=Y.sup.m, Y.sup.m>Y.sup.m+1, 1≤m≤M−1.

6. The method of transporting loquat fruits for sale by evaluating and predicting the quality of the loquat fruits according to claim 1, wherein: when T>0.9, a price adjustment coefficient a is used to set a current actual price of the batch of loquat fruits as Y.sub.actual=a×Y.sub.base; when 0.7<T<0.9, a price adjustment coefficient b is used to set a current actual price of the batch of loquat fruits as Y.sub.actual=b×Y.sub.base; and when T≤0.7, a price adjustment coefficient c is used to set a current actual price of the batch of loquat fruits as Y.sub.actual=c×Y.sub.base, wherein a>b>c, a>1, c<1.

7. The method of transporting loquat fruits for sale by evaluating and predicting the quality of the loquat fruits according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, a sampling ratio of the batch of loquat fruits is 0.1% to 2%.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(2) FIG. 1 is a micrograph of an loquat fruit with a lignified cell density P.sub.j≤20 according to the present invention;

(3) FIG. 2 is a micrograph of an loquat fruit with a lignified cell density 20<P.sub.j≤35 according to the present invention;

(4) FIG. 3 is a micrograph of an loquat fruit with a lignified cell density 35<P.sub.j≤50 according to the present invention;

(5) FIG. 4 is a micrograph of an loquat fruit with a lignified cell density P.sub.j>50 according to the present invention;

(6) FIG. 5 shows a stage I lignified cell of an loquat fruit according to the present invention;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a stage II lignified cell of an loquat fruit according to the present invention; and

(8) FIG. 7 shows a stage III lignified cell of an loquat fruit according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(9) The present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific embodiments and drawings.

(10) Embodiment: A method for guiding a sales strategy of loquat fruits by evaluating and predicting quality of the loquat fruits includes the following steps:

(11) Step 1: Randomly select X samples from a batch of loquat fruits, and sequentially number the X samples as 1, 2, 3, . . . , X.

(12) Step 2: Cut a j-th sample along an equatorial plane, remove half of the fruit and a core, freeze and slice, stain with phloroglucinol, calculate a number N.sub.j of lignified cells in an entire slice of the equatorial plane, calculate a total area S.sub.j of the equatorial plane of pulp, and calculate a lignified cell density on the equatorial plane as P.sub.j=N.sub.j/S.sub.j, where S.sub.j is in square centimeter.

(13) Step 3: Calculate a radius R.sub.j.sup.i and an equivalent cell wall thickness D.sub.j.sup.i of the N.sub.j lignified cells of the j-th sample, 1≤i≤N.sub.j, and calculate a lignification trend value of the j-th sample,

(14) $T_j=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N_j}{.Math.}}\left(\frac{1}{N_j}*\frac{D_j^i}{R_j^i}\right).$
This step includes: for an i-th lignified cell of the j-th sample, measure an area S.sub.j.sup.i of the lignified cell if the lignified cell is not round, and calculate an equivalent radius R.sub.j.sup.i of the lignified cell based on S.sub.j.sup.i=πR.sub.j.sup.i.sup.2; determine that the lignified cell is a stage I lignified cell (FIG. 5) if a thickened cell wall of the lignified cell is not ring-shaped, and calculate a thickness r and an arc length l of the thickened cell wall and an entire circumference C of the lignified cell,

(15) $D_j^i=\frac{r*l}{C};$
determine that the lignified cell is a stage II lignified cell (FIG. 6) if the thickened cell wall of the lignified cell is ring-shaped, and directly measure a thickness of the ring-shaped cell wall as D.sub.j.sup.i; and determine that the lignified cell is a stage III lignified cell (FIG. 7) if the lignified cell is thickened to be solid, D.sub.j.sup.i=R.sub.j.sup.i.

(16) Step 4: Set a threshold P′=50 of the lignified cell density, calculate a number X′ of samples with P.sub.j<50, and calculate a qualified rate Q=X′/X of the batch of loquat fruits. FIG. 1 is a micrograph of an loquat fruit with P.sub.j≤20, and this fruit is a superior fruit. FIG. 2 is a micrograph of an loquat fruit with 20<P.sub.j≤35, and this fruit is a highly qualified fruit. FIG. 3 is a micrograph of an loquat fruit with 35<P.sub.j≤50, and this fruit is a qualified fruit. FIG. 4 is a micrograph of an loquat fruit with P.sub.j>50, and this fruit is an unqualified fruit.

(17) Step 5: Set a qualified rate threshold Q′=0.8; determine that, if Q<0.8, the batch of loquat fruits is unqualified and not suitable for sale; and determine that, if Q≥0.8, the batch of loquat fruits is qualified, and proceed with the following steps.

(18) Step 6: Calculate an average lignified cell density P=Σ.sub.j=1.sup.X(P.sub.j/X) and an average lignification trend value T=Σ.sub.j=1.sup.X(T.sub.j/X) of the batch of loquat fruits.

(19) Step 7: Guide a current price of the batch of loquat fruits based on the average lignified cell density P, where the current price of the loquat fruits increases as P decreases; and guide a storage strategy based on T, where the loquat fruits are suitable for storage and transportation when T is high, and the loquat fruits need to be sold as soon as possible when T is low.

(20) Step 7.1: Set two intermediate values in an ascending order between 0 and P′, namely P.sup.1=20 and P.sup.2=35, where P.sup.0=0, P.sup.3=P′=50; and grade the loquat fruits based on 0<P≤20, 20<P≤35 and 35<P≤50, where current base prices of the batch of loquat fruits are Y.sub.base=Y.sup.1; Y.sub.base=Y.sup.2 and Y.sub.base=Y.sup.3 when 0<P≤20, 20<P≤35 and 35<P≤50, respectively, Y.sup.1>Y.sup.2Y.sup.3.

(21) Step 7.2: Set intermediate lignification trend values T.sup.1=0.9 and T.sup.2=0.7; determine that, when T>T.sup.1, a lignification trend is low, and the loquat fruits are suitable for storage or long-distance transportation for 5-10 days; determine that, when T.sup.2<T≤T.sup.1, the lignification trend is moderate, and the loquat fruits are suitable for storage or short-distance transportation for 2-5 days; and determine that, when T≤T.sup.2, the lignification trend is high, and the loquat fruits are suitable for sale as soon as possible. This step includes: set a price adjustment coefficient a=1.5 when T>T.sup.1, and set a current actual price of the batch of loquat fruits as Y.sub.actual=1.5×Y.sub.base; set a price adjustment coefficient b=1 when T.sup.2<T≤T.sup.1, and set a current actual price of the batch of loquat fruits as Y.sub.actual=Y.sub.base; and set a price adjustment coefficient 0.5 when T≤T.sup.2, and set a current actual price of the batch of loquat fruits as Y.sub.actual=0.5×Y.sub.base.