Abstract
In a securing element for connecting two parts, in particular for a screw connection, the securing element is ring-shaped. The securing element has an outer profile along the outer diameter and an inner profile along the inner diameter. The outer profile and the inner profile are both formed by a plurality of profile units. The number of profile units of the outer profile and the number of profile units of the inner profile correspond to the number of graduation marks at different scales according to the principle of a vernier scale, the number of profile units of the outer profile differing by at least 1 from the number of profile units of the inner profile. In precisely one position, a profile unit of the outer profile is exactly opposite a profile unit of the inner profile.
Claims
1. Securing element (10; 110; 210; 910; 1010; 2010) for connecting two components, in particular for a screw connection, wherein the securing element (10; 110, 210; 910; 1010) is ring-shaped and has an outer profile (11; 111; 1011) along the outer circumference and an inner profile (12; 112) along the inner circumference, wherein the outer profile (11; 111; 1011) and the inner profile (12; 112) are each formed from a plurality of profile units, wherein the number of profile units of the outer profile and the number of the profile units of the inner profile correspond to the number of graduation marks with different scales according to the Vernier principle and wherein the number of profile units of the outer profile (11; 111; 1011) and the number of profile units of the inner profile (12; 112) differ by at least 1, and wherein a profile unit of the outer profile (11; 111; 1011) and a profile unit of the inner profile (12; 112) are precisely opposite each other in precisely one position.
2. Securing element according to claim 1, wherein the number of profile units of the outer profile (11; 111) is lower than the number of profile units of the inner profile (12; 112) or the number of profile units of the outer profile is higher than the number of profile units of the inner profile.
3. Securing element according to claim 1, wherein the profile units of the outer profile (11; 111) and/or the inner profile (12; 112) are shaped as waves.
4. Securing element according to claim 1, wherein the lower number of profile units is at least 9 and the higher number of profile units is at least 10.
5. Securing element according to claim 1, wherein the number of profile units of the outer profile (11; 111) and the inner profile (12; 112) differs by precisely 1.
6. Securing element according to claim 5, wherein the lower number of the profile units is 17 and the higher number of the profile units is 18.
7. Securing element (2010) according to claim 1, wherein the outer profile (2011) and the inner profile (2012) run around on different levels of the securing element (2010).
8. Securing element (2010) for connecting two components, in particular for a screw connection, wherein the securing element has a first profile (2011) and a second profile (2012) that each run around on different circumferences on different levels of the securing element, wherein the first profile (2011) and the second profile (2012) are each formed from a plurality of profile units and wherein the number of profile units of the first profile (2011) and the number of profile units of the second profile (2012) correspond to the number of graduation marks with different scales according to the Vernier principle and wherein the number of profile units of the first profile (2011) and the number of profile units of the second profile (2012) differ by at least 1 and wherein a profile unit of the first profile (2011) and a profile unit of the second profile (2012) are precisely opposite each other in precisely one position.
9. Securing system (500; 900) for connecting a first component (20; 120; 220; 720; 1020; 2020) or a first component arrangement and a second component (30; 130; 230; 930; 2030) or a second component arrangement, wherein the first component (20; 120; 220; 720; 1020; 2020) or the first component arrangement has a region having a profile along the outer circumference (21; 121; 221; 721; 1021), and wherein the second component (30; 130; 230; 930; 2030) or the second component arrangement (1030, 1040) has a region having an profile along the inner circumference (32; 132; 232; 932; 1032), and wherein, in the connected state of the components, a ring-shaped gap (160; 260; 1060) is formed between the profile (21; 121; 221; 721; 1021) of the first component (20; 120; 220; 720; 1020; 2020) or the first component arrangement and the profile (32; 132; 232; 932; 1032) of the second component (30; 130; 230; 930; 2030) or the second component arrangement (1030, 1040), further comprising a securing element (10; 110; 210; 910; 1010; 2010) according to claim 1 for arrangement in the securing gap (160; 260; 1060).
10. Securing system according to claim 9, wherein the connection is a screw connection, wherein the first component (20; 120; 220; 720; 1020; 2020) or the first component arrangement has a first thread (23; 123; 223; 723; 1023) and the second component (30; 130; 230; 930; 2030) or the second component arrangement (1030, 1040) has a second thread (33), and wherein, in the screwed-together state of the component, the ring-shaped securing gap (160; 260; 1060) is formed between the profile (21; 121; 221; 721; 1021) of the first component (20; 120; 220; 720; 1020; 2020) or the first component arrangement and the profile (32; 132; 232; 932; 1032) of the second component (30; 130; 230; 930; 2030) or the second component arrangement (1030, 1040) for inserting the securing element (10; 110; 210; 910; 1010; 2010).
11. Securing system according to claim 9, wherein the profile along the outer circumference (21; 121; 221; 721; 1021) of the first component (20; 120; 220; 720; 1020) or the first component arrangement has a number of profile units that corresponds to the number of the profile units of the inner profile (12; 112) of the securing element (10; 110; 210; 910; 1010), wherein the profile along the outer circumference of the first component or the first component arrangement is mirror-inverted relative to the inner profile of the securing element.
12. Securing system according to claim 9, wherein the profile (32; 132; 232; 932; 1032) along the inner circumference of the second component (30; 130; 230; 930) or the second component arrangement (1030, 1040) has a number of profile units that corresponds to the number of profile units of the outer profile (11; 111; 1011) of the securing element (10; 110; 210; 910; 1010), wherein the profile along the inner circumference of the second component or the second component arrangement is mirror-inverted relative to the outer profile of the securing element.
13. Securing system according to claim 9, wherein the securing system further comprises at least one means (25, 70; 124, 170; 224, 270; 970; 1070) for securing the securing element (10; 110; 210; 910; 1010).
14. Use of a securing system (500; 900) according to claim 9 for securing a screw connection for fixing a component (150; 250; 950) provided for a rotating movement, in particular for securing a central lock for a wheel in a motor vehicle.
15. Wheel hub (820; 1030, 1040) or wheel hub adaptor (720), wherein the wheel hub or the wheel hub adaptor is adjusted for use in a securing system according to claim 9.
16. Clamping nut (30; 130; 230; 930), wherein the clamping nut is set up for use in a securing system according to claim 9.
17. Bolt (1020), wherein the bolt is set up for use in a securing system according to claim 9.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] In the figures are shown:
[0037] FIG. 1A, B isometric explosive depictions of the elements of the securing system according to the invention in a first embodiment from two perspectives (partial figures A and B);
[0038] FIG. 2A, B-FIG. 5A, B isometric depictions of the elements of the securing system according to the invention in a further embodiment, each from two perspectives (partial figures A and B);
[0039] FIG. 6 sectional depiction of the securing system from FIG. 5;
[0040] FIG. 7A, B-FIG. 10A, B isometric depictions of the elements of the securing system according to the invention in a further embodiment, each from two perspectives (partial figures A and B);
[0041] FIG. 11 schematic depiction of different embodiments of the profile structures of the securing system according to the invention;
[0042] FIG. 12 further examples of possible profile structures;
[0043] FIG. 13 isometric depiction of a wheel hub adaptor according to the invention;
[0044] FIG. 14 isometric depiction of a wheel hub according to the invention;
[0045] FIG. 15 isometric explosive depiction of the elements of the securing system according to the invention for securing a central lock in a motor vehicle wheel;
[0046] FIG. 16 isometric explosive depiction of the elements of the securing system according to the invention for securing a bolt;
[0047] FIG. 17A, B plan view of the securing system from FIG. 16 without securing element (partial Figure A) and with securing element and additional groove ring (partial Figure B);
[0048] FIG. 18 sectional depictions of the securing system of FIG. 16;
[0049] FIG. 19 isometric explosive depiction of the elements of the securing system according to the invention for securing a further embodiment of a central lock in a motor vehicle wheel; and
[0050] FIG. 20 sectional depiction of the securing system of FIG. 19.
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0051] FIG. 1A, B illustrate the different elements of the securing system according to the invention from two perspectives (partial FIGS. 1A and 1B) in explosive depictions. This example of the securing system comprises a first component 20, for example a shaft end, a second component 30, for example a union nut, and a ring-shaped securing element 10. Furthermore, a fixing bolt 70 is provided. The first component 20 is provided with an outer thread 23 in a central region. The second component 30 has a corresponding inner thread 33 such that the second component 30, for example the union nut, can be threaded onto the first component 20. A rotating component (not shown), for example, that is to be fixed on the first component 20, can be fixed by this screw connection. The components 20, 30 comprise structures that allow a locking of the screw connection by means of the ring-shaped securing element 10 for securing this screw connection. These structures are, in terms of the first component 20, a profile 21 that, in this example, is arranged in a terminal region and runs around on the outer side. In terms of the second component 30, these structures are a profile 32 that runs along the inner side and that, in this example, is arranged in a terminal region. The region with the profile running along the outer side 21 of the first component 20 is smaller in circumference that the region having the outer thread 23. When the second component 30 is threaded onto the first component 20, a securing gap is formed between the profile along the inner circumference 32 of the second component 30 and the profile along the outer circumference 21 of the first component 20, the securing element 10 being inserted into said securing gap. The securing element 10 thus effectively has a collar with complementary structures, i.e. with an outer profile 11 along the outer circumference and an inner profile 12 along the inner circumference on the inside of the ring-shaped securing element. In this depiction, these structures are on a lower terminal region of the securing element 10. The number of profile units (PFE) of the outer profile 11 corresponds to the number of PFE of the profile along the inner circumference 32 of the second component 30 and the number of PFE of the inner profile 12 of the securing element 10 corresponds to the number of PFE of the profile along the outer circumference 21 of the first component 20. It is essential for the function of the securing element 10 or the securing system according to the invention that the number of PFE of the outer profile 11 and the inner profile 12 of the securing element 10 differ by at least 1, wherein the numbers of the profiles of the first component 20 and the second component 30 are corresponding. When assembling the securing element, the securing element 10 is inserted, rotated and re-inserted in the securing gap (ring gap) formed between the first component 20 and the second component 30 until it locks exactly into place, such that the screw connection between the first component 20 and the second component 30 is locked. A fixing bolt 70 is provided with a threaded bolt 71 to fix the securing element 10 in position. The fixing bolt 70 is subsequently inserted into an inner thread 25 of the first component 20.
[0052] FIG. 2A, B-5A, B illustrate one embodiment of the securing system according to the invention for securing a screw connection on the end of a shaft, i.e. on a shaft end, in each case from two isometric perspectives (partial Figures A and B). FIG. 2 here firstly shows the first component 120 on which a further component 150 is fixed. The further component 150 can for example be a component provided for a rotating movement, for example a wheel or similar, that is to be fixed on the first component 120 shaped as a shaft end. The further component 150 is placed on the first component 120 and is fixed with a nut (second component 130), wherein this fixing is secured by means of the securing system according to the invention. Comparable to the component 20 from FIG. 1, an outer thread 123 and subsequently a wave-shaped profile 121 along the outer circumference is provided in a terminal section of the first component 120. A blind hole recess 124 is provided with an inner thread that serves the further securing of the securing element that will be explained in more detail later on the front side of this terminal section of the first component 120. In addition to the first component 120, FIG. 3 shows a second component 130 in the shape of a clamping nut. The component 130 (clamping nut) is threaded onto the outer thread 123 of the first component 120 via an inner thread that is not visible here. The second component 130 has a profile 132 along the inner circumference on the inside in a terminal region. The profile 132 along the inner circumference of the second component 130, in the assembled state, forms a securing gap 160 together with the profile 121 along the outer circumference of the first component 120. The geometry or shape of this securing gap 160 in terms of the specific positions of the individual PFE of the profiles relative to one another is not predictable since they depend on the specific position of the second component 130 on the first component 120. FIG. 4 illustrates how the securing element 110 that, in this depiction, has an outer profile 111 along the outer circumference and an internal profile 112 along the inner circumference in a lower section (collar), is to be inserted into the securing gap 160. To do so, the securing element 110 is inserted into the securing gap 160, rotated and then re-inserted until it locks exactly into place. As can be seen in this depiction, the number of PFE of the outer profile 111 differs from the number of PFE of the inner profile 112 of the securing element 110. In this example, there are 15 profile units in the outer profile 111 and 18 profile units in the inner profile 112. In a different, particularly preferred exemplary embodiment, 17 or 18 profile units, for example, can be provided inside or outside respectively. The number of PFE of the profile 132 along the inner circumference of the second component 130 and the number of PFE of the profile 121 along the outer circumference of the first component 120 are correspondingly adjusted. When the securing element 110 is locked exactly into place in the securing gap 160, the screw connection between the first component 120 and the second component 130 is locked and reliably secured. FIG. 5 shows the securing system 500 in the completely assembled state. Here, a securing bolt 170 is further shown that, in this embodiment, has a hexagonal socket, for example, for engaging an activation tool. This securing bolt 170 is rotated into the inner thread of the blind hole recess 124 of the first component 120 that is able to be seen in FIG. 2, such that the securing element 110 is also secured and fixed in position.
[0053] FIG. 6 shows a sectional depiction of the securing system 500 of FIG. 5 with corresponding labelling.
[0054] FIG. 7A, B-10A, B illustrate a further possible embodiment of the securing system according to the invention, in each case from two isometric perspectives (partial Figures A and B), wherein a further component 250 is fixed and secured on a continuous shaft. FIG. 7 shows the continuous shaft 220 as the first component. The further component 250, for example a wheel, is fixed on this shaft. Fixing this wheel takes place by means of a screw connection that is secured according to the invention. To do so, the shaft 220 has, in a region that is adjacent to the further component 250, an outer thread 223 and a subsequent region with a profile along the outer circumference 221. The region with the profile along the outer circumference is smaller in circumference than the region with the outer thread 123. A peripheral recess or a groove 224 that serves for the securing of the securing element according to the invention that will be explained in further detail below is at a distance relative to the outer profile 221 along the outer circumference. In addition to the first component 220 in the shape of the continuous shaft having the component 250 fixed thereon, FIG. 8 shows a second component 230 that is a component of the securing system. Comparable to the depiction in FIG. 3, the second component 230 is formed in the shape of a clamping nut that has a profile 232 along the inner circumference. The profile 232 forms a securing gap 260 together with the profile along the outer circumference 221 of the first component 220, the securing element 210 (FIG. 9) is to be inserted into said securing gap 260. Correspondingly, as described by means of FIG. 4, the securing element 210 is inserted into the securing gap 260 and is rotated until it locks exactly into place and thus locks the screw connection between the first component 220 and the second component 230. FIG. 10 shows the finished assembled state of the securing system 900. A groove ring 270 (snap ring) is provided for axially fixing the securing element 210 in place, said groove ring 270 engaging with the recess 224 of the first component 220 (FIG. 7).
[0055] FIG. 11 illustrates, in a schematic manner, possibilities for the geometries of the profile structures of the securing system according to the invention. A plan view and a view sloped from above the profile structures are shown in each case. The example labelled with 410 shows wave-shaped structures, wherein both the profile along the outer circumference 411 of an internal component 412 and the profile along the inner circumference 413 of an external component 414 are formed to be wave-shaped having 9 or 10 profile units. A securing gap is formed between the profile 411 and the profile 413, a securing element according to the invention is to be inserted into said securing gap. The reference numeral 420 labels a further example of a possible geometry of the profile structures. The profile 421 along the outer circumference of the internal component 422 is formed to be approximately wave-shaped. The profile 423 along the inner circumference of an external component 424 is formed to be the shape of a rhombus. The example labelled with the reference numeral 430 shows a further possibility for the shaping of the profile structures. The examples 470, 480, 490, 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 610, 620, 630 shown in FIG. 12 indicate further principle possibilities for the formation of the profiles, wherein the shapes shown can be used both for the inner profile and for the outer profile of the securing element and for the corresponding profiles of the first and the second component. The patterns shown are, in principle, able to be combined in any way with one another and other patterns are also possible.
[0056] FIG. 13 shows a wheel hub adaptor 720 that is set up to be used in the securing system according to the invention. The wheel hub adaptor 720 can be used, for example, together with a standard wheel disc. The wheel hub adaptor 720 is provided with an outer thread 723 on a centrally protruding hollow cylinder-shaped extension. On the outer thread 723, a profile 721 along the outer circumference is connected on a terminal section of the extension. Furthermore, recesses (bores) 728 are provided by means of which fixing the wheel hub adaptor 720 on a wheel disc can take place, wherein to do so normal wheel bolts can be used. A rim can be fixed by a central lock on the wheel hub adaptor 720 as a further component, as is explained in more detail by means of FIG. 15.
[0057] FIG. 14 shows a wheel hub 820 that is adjusted to be used in the securing system according to the invention. The wheel hub 820 is suitable for fixing a normal motor vehicle wheel, wherein the motor vehicle wheel is fixed by a central locking that is secured according to the invention. The wheel hub 820 is provided with an outer thread 823 on the externally protruding, hollow cylinder-shaped extension. On the outer thread 823, a profile 821 along the outer circumference is connected on a terminal section of the extension. A rim of the motor vehicle wheel (not shown) can be fixed on the wheel hub 820 as a further component by a central locking, wherein a clamping nut (central locking—not shown) is threaded that forms a securing gap together with the profile 821 along the outer circumference, a ring-shaped securing element (not shown) according to the invention being inserted into said securing gap for locking the screw connection.
[0058] FIG. 15 illustrates fixing a motor vehicle wheel 950 on the wheel hub adaptor 720 in an explosive depiction, wherein the motor vehicle wheel 950 or the rim of the motor vehicle wheel 950 is fixed by a clamping nut 930 set up according to the invention as a central locking. The measurements of the components 720 and 930 are chosen in such a way that, in the assembled state, a securing gap is formed between the profile along the inner circumference 932 of the clamping nut 930 and the profile along the outer circumference 721 of the wheel hub adaptor 720, a securing element 910 according to the principle of the invention being inserted into said securing gap such that the screw connection between the wheel hub adaptor 720 and the clamping nut 930 is locked and secured. Securing the securing element 910 itself in position takes place by means of a further securing bolt 970 that is centrally screwed into an inner thread 770 of the wheel hub adaptor 720 via a thread after assembling the securing element 910.
[0059] FIG. 16 shows in an explosive depiction the use of the securing system according to the invention for securing a bolt 1020 that represents a first component in the sense of the definitions introduced above. FIG. 17A and 17B show plan views of the system and FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B (enlargement) show sectional views of this system. The different elements of the system according to the invention are provided with the same reference numerals in FIG. 16-18. The bolt 1020 is provided to be screwed into an inner thread of a second component arrangement 1030, 1040 that is not able to be seen by means of an outer thread 1023. In this example, the second component arrangement is a wheel hub that is formed from a flange 1030 (wheel disc) and a shaft 1040. The flange 1030 can be placed on the shaft 1040, for example, by means of a multi gear rim. The shaft 1040 is fitted with the inner thread, wherein the flange 1030 is fixed on the shaft by the bolt 1020. The bolt 1020 having the outer thread 1023 is inserted through the flange 1030 into the inner thread of the shaft 40. This screw connection is locked and secured by the securing system according to the invention. To do so, the bolt 1020 is fitted with a terminally arranged profile 1021 along the outer circumference in its head region. This profile 1021 along the outer circumference forms the terminal outer periphery of the bolt head. The bolt head additionally has a hexagonal socket 1025 that is provided for engaging a bolt tool. Below the region having the profile along the outer circumference 1021, a circular contact plate 1026 is provided that closes the bolt head from below and which protrudes from the circumference towards the region with the externally peripheral profile 1021. The flange 1030 as a component of the second component arrangement 1030, 1040 has a terminal, central and hollow cylinder-shaped region 1035 that is fitted with a profile 1032 along the inner circumference according to the principle according to the invention. When inserting the bolt 1020 into the inner thread of the shaft 1040 and when sinking the bolt 1020 into the flange 1030 until it makes contact with the contact plate 1026, a securing gap 1060 is formed between the profile 1032 along the inner circumference of the flange 1040 and the profile 1021 along the outer circumference of the bolt 1020, said securing gap 1060 being able to be seen in the plan view shown in FIG. 17A. The securing element 1010 is inserted into the securing gap 1060, wherein the number of PFE of the profile along the outer circumference 1011 and the number of PFE of the inner profile of the securing element 1010 that is not able to be seen in FIG. 16 corresponds to the number of PFE of the profile 1032 along the inner circumference of the flange 1030 or the profile 1021 along the outer circumference of the bolt 1020. According to the invention, the number of PFE between the outer profile 1011 and the inner profile of the securing element 1010 differs by at least 1, in this example there are 15 or 16 profile units. A groove ring 1070 is inserted into a peripheral groove 1034 in the inner region of the central hollow cylinder-shaped region 1035 of the flange 1030 to fix the securing element 1010 in place. FIG. 17B shows the assembled state of the system in a plan view, wherein the position of the groove ring 1070 can be seen. As an alternative to the groove ring 1070, a threaded ring, for example, or similar can be inserted. To disassemble the securing element 1010 more easily, the securing element 1010 has a central hole 1015 with an inner thread that is suitable for attaching and disassembling, for example, a threaded rod respectively a sledge hammer.
[0060] FIG. 19 illustrates in an explosive depiction a further use of the securing system according to the invention for a central locking for a motor vehicle wheel. The depiction shows from left to right a wheel hub 2040, a part of a brake disc 2060, a wheel hub adaptor 2020 having five driving bolts, a rim 2050 (only partially depicted), a clamping nut 2030, a securing element 2010 according to the invention, a snap ring 2070 and a covering plate 2080. In this embodiment, the securing element 2010 is implemented in such a way the outer profile 2011 and the inner profile 2012 are arranged on two different levels of the securing element 2010, i.e. effectively step-shaped. The outer profile 2011 thus runs on a larger circumference than the inner profile. In a corresponding manner, the mirror-inverted profiles with the clamping nut 2030 and the wheel hub adaptor 2020 (first or second component) are also on two levels, in the assembled state of these components, such that the securing element 2010 can be correspondingly inserted and the connection between the clamping nut 2030 and the wheel hub adaptor 2020 is locked. In this embodiment of the securing system according to the invention, the position of the profiles along the outer circumference and along the inner circumference of the first and second component are thus related, in particular, to the position of the profiles with regards to their concentric alignment in the assembled state of the components. Comparable to the embodiment that is illustrated in FIG. 16, the securing element 2010 itself can be secured by the snap ring 2070 (groove ring) and the wheel lock is closed by the covering lid 2080. FIG. 20 shows a sectional depiction of a section of this securing system. The drawing is provided with the same reference numerals.
