magnetic resonance measurement on a set of teeth
20230165481 · 2023-06-01
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
G01R33/34084
PHYSICS
A61B5/004
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61B5/055
HUMAN NECESSITIES
G01R33/3415
PHYSICS
G01R33/4818
PHYSICS
A61B2562/182
HUMAN NECESSITIES
G01R33/34007
PHYSICS
International classification
A61B5/055
HUMAN NECESSITIES
G01R33/34
PHYSICS
Abstract
An antenna array for receiving radio-frequency signals in a frequency and power range of a magnetic resonance apparatus. The antenna array includes: a signal conductor configured to receive a radio-frequency signal of a magnetic alternating field and to transmit the radio-frequency signal to the magnetic resonance apparatus; and a carrier element mechanically connected to the signal conductor, wherein the carrier element is shaped in accordance with at least part of a set of teeth of an examination object, and wherein the carrier element is positively connectable to the set of teeth of the examination object in an application-appropriate position in accordance with an application in order to position the signal conductor on the set of teeth of the examination object.
Claims
1-20. (canceled)
21. An antenna array for receiving radio-frequency signals in a frequency and power range of a magnetic resonance apparatus, the antenna array comprising: a signal conductor configured to receive a radio-frequency signal of a magnetic alternating field and to transmit the radio-frequency signal to the magnetic resonance apparatus; and a carrier element mechanically connected to the signal conductor, wherein the carrier element is shaped in accordance with at least part of a set of teeth of an examination object, and wherein the carrier element is positively connectable to the set of teeth of the examination object in an application-appropriate position in accordance with an application in order to position the signal conductor on the set of teeth of the examination object.
22. The antenna array as claimed in claim 21, wherein the antenna array is configured to emit radio-frequency signals into the examination object in the frequency and power range of the magnetic resonance apparatus.
23. The antenna array as claimed in claim 21, wherein the signal conductor is embedded in a material of the carrier element.
24. The antenna array as claimed in claim 21, wherein the signal conductor comprises a loop shaped in accordance with at least part of a dental arch of the examination object.
25. The antenna array as claimed in claim 24, further comprising: an array of signal conductors shaped in accordance with at least part of the dental arch.
26. The antenna array as claimed in claim 25, wherein at least part of the array of signal conductor is orientable along a plane of a biting surface of the examination object.
27. The antenna array as claimed in claim 25, wherein at least part of the array of signal conductors is orientable in a perpendicular orientation to a plane of a biting surface on an inner side of teeth of the dental arch.
28. The antenna array as claimed in claim 25, wherein at least part of the array of signal conductors is orientable in a perpendicular orientation to a plane of a biting surface on an outside of teeth of the dental arch.
29. The antenna array as claimed in claim 25, wherein the carrier element encloses the dental arch of the examination object in a position in accordance with the application at least along a side of teeth on which the signal conductor or the array of signal conductors is positioned, wherein the signal conductor or the array of signal conductors is positionable on a side of the carrier element facing the dental arch in the position in accordance with the application.
30. The antenna array as claimed in claim 25, wherein on a side facing the dental arch in the position in accordance with the application, the carrier element has a plastic compound which is deformable on contact with the set of teeth of the examination object.
31. The antenna array as claimed in claim 29, wherein the carrier element has a recess configured to receive the dental arch and a holding apparatus configured to fix the signal conductor or the array of signal conductors, and wherein the signal conductor or the array of signal conductors is mounted over the recess by means of the holding apparatus, and by way of positioning of the carrier element in accordance with the application on the set of teeth of the examination object, is moldable to the set of teeth of the examination object.
32. The antenna array as claimed in claim 21, wherein at least part of the antenna array is configured to be positioned in a position in accordance with the application along part of a gum and/or a hyoid bone of the examination object.
33. The antenna array as claimed in claim 21, wherein the antenna array has at least one electrically conductive shield which is positionable in a position of the antenna array in accordance with the application between the antenna array and a soft tissue of the examination object, and is designed to shield a radio-frequency signal of a magnetic alternating field from a direction of the soft tissue.
34. A system comprising the magnetic resonance apparatus and the antenna array as claimed in claim 21, wherein the magnetic resonance apparatus has a signal link to the antenna array and is configured to receive radio-frequency signals of the antenna array and to produce image data of the set of teeth of the examination object.
35. The system as claimed in claim 34, wherein the magnetic resonance apparatus comprises a plurality of receiver channels having a plurality of signal links to the array of signal conductors.
36. A method for carrying out a magnetic resonance measurement of a set of teeth of an examination object using an antenna array for receiving radio-frequency signals in a frequency and power range of a magnetic resonance apparatus, the antenna array has a signal conductor configured to receive a radio-frequency signal of a magnetic alternating field and to transmit the radio-frequency signal to the magnetic resonance apparatus, and a carrier element mechanically connected to the signal conductor, wherein the carrier element is shaped in accordance with at least part of the set of teeth of the examination object, and the antenna array is connectable in a predetermined relative position to the set of teeth of the examination object, the method comprising: orienting the carrier element with the antenna array relative to the set of teeth in an oral cavity of the examination object, wherein a side of the carrier element shaped in accordance with the set of teeth is oriented with the set of teeth of the examination object in a direction facing the set of teeth; connecting the carrier element to the set of teeth of the examination object in a position in accordance with an application by bringing the side of the carrier element shaped in accordance with the set of teeth of the examination object into contact with the set of teeth; and carrying out the magnetic resonance measurement of the set of teeth of the examination object, wherein the antenna array detects radio-frequency signals by means of the signal conductor and transits the radio-frequency signals to a receiver of the magnetic resonance apparatus.
37. The method as claimed in claim 36, wherein a plastic compound of the carrier element is deformed on connection to the set of teeth and forms a positive connection with the set of teeth of the examination object, which reversibly fixes the carrier element to the set of teeth.
38. The method as claimed in claim 37, further comprising: detaching the carrier element from the set of teeth of the examination object and producing a positive mold of the set of teeth of the examination object on the basis of the plastic compound of the carrier element.
39. The method as claimed in claim 36, wherein a signal conductor or an array of signal conductors is mounted over a recess of the carrier element by means of a holding apparatus configured to fix the signal conductor or the array of signal conductors, and on connection of the carrier element to the set of teeth, are deflected by at least part of a dental arch in a direction of the carrier element facing the recess, wherein at least part of the dental arch is enclosed along a free surface by the signal conductor or the array of signal conductors.
40. The method as claimed in claim 39, wherein the carrying out the magnetic resonance measurement takes place in a step of a plurality of receiver channels receiving magnetic resonance signals from the array of signal conductors, and wherein for reducing a measurement duration of the magnetic resonance measurement, a reduced volume of k-space data is acquired and parallel imaging methods are used in order to reconstruct image data of the set of teeth from the reduced volume of k-space data.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0084] Further advantages and details can be found in the following description of exemplary aspects in connection with the drawings. In the drawings, in a schematic diagram:
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0097] Reference will be made in the following description of the figures to a human patient as the examination object since this represents a customary application for imaging methods based on magnetic resonance. This of course does not preclude an application to the above-described examples of examination objects.
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[0099] The patient can be positioned in the patient-receiving region 14 by means of a patient-positioning apparatus 16 of the magnetic resonance apparatus 10. The patient-positioning apparatus 16 has for this purpose a patient couch 17 configured to move inner side the patient-receiving region 14. The magnetic unit 11 also has a gradient coil 18 for generating magnetic field gradients, which is used for spatial encoding during imaging. The gradient coil 18 is actuated by means of a gradient control unit 19 of the magnetic resonance apparatus 10. The magnetic unit 11 can also comprise a radio-frequency antenna, which in the present exemplary aspect is designed as a body coil 20 permanently integrated in the magnetic resonance apparatus 10. The body coil 20 is configured for exciting atomic nuclei, which are located in the main magnetic field 13 generated by the main magnet 12. The body coil 20 is actuated by a radio-frequency unit 21 of the magnetic resonance apparatus 10 and irradiates radio-frequency signals into an examination space, which is substantially formed by a patient-receiving region 14 of the magnetic resonance apparatus 10. The body coil 20 is also designed for receiving magnetic resonance signals.
[0100] The magnetic resonance apparatus 10 has a control unit 22 for controlling the main magnet 12, the gradient control unit 19 and for controlling the radio-frequency unit 21. The control unit 22 is designed to carry out a sequence, such as an imaging gradient echo sequence, a TSE sequence or a UTE sequence for example. In addition, the control unit 22 comprises an evaluation unit 28 for evaluating digitized magnetic resonance signals, which are detected during the magnetic resonance examination. The evaluation unit can likewise be designed to use reconstruction methods in order to reconstruct image data from reduced volumes of k-space data when parallel imaging methods are used.
[0101] Furthermore, the magnetic resonance apparatus 10 comprises a user interface 23, which has a signal link to the control unit 22. Control information, such as imaging parameters and reconstructed magnetic resonance images, can be displayed for a user on a display unit 24, for example on at least one monitor, of the user interface 23. Furthermore, the user interface 23 has an input unit 25 by means of which parameters of a magnetic resonance measurement can be input by the user. Furthermore, the magnetic resonance apparatus 10 has an antenna array 26, which is positioned on the set of teeth of an examination object 15 and transmits magnetic resonance signals from the oral cavity to the magnetic resonance apparatus 10. The antenna array 26 preferably has an electrical connection cable 27, which provides a signal link to the radio-frequency unit 21 and the control unit 22. Just like the body coil 20, the antenna array 26 can also be designed for exciting atomic nuclei and for receiving magnetic resonance signals. The antenna array 26 can have, in particular, a drum-shaped construction for this purpose, which surrounds the head of the patient 15. The antenna array 26 is actuated by the radio-frequency unit 21 for emitting radio-frequency signals.
[0102] The represented magnetic resonance apparatus 10 can of course comprise further components, which magnetic resonance apparatuses conventionally have. It is likewise conceivable that instead of the cylindrical construction, the magnetic resonance apparatus 10 has a C-shaped, a triangular or an asymmetric construction of the magnetic field-generating components. The magnetic resonance apparatus 10 can be designed in particular to carry out a magnetic resonance examination of a standing or seated patient 15.
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[0109] The exemplary aspects shown in
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[0114] The illustrated aspect also has arrays of signal conductors 37, which are positioned in an arcuate manner on the gum 63 and hyoid bone 64 of the patient 15. The arrays of signal conductors 37 are connected here to the arcuate structures on the gum and hyoid bone of the carrier element 36. It is conceivable that the side of the carrier element 36 facing the tongue 61 likewise has electrically conductive shields 54 along the gum 63 and the hyoid bone 64 in order to shield radio-frequency signals of the moving tongue 61 from the arrays of signal conductors 37 on the gum 63 and hyoid bone 64.
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[0116] In a step S1 of the disclosed method, the carrier element 36 with the antenna array 26 is oriented relative to the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15, with a side of the carrier element 36 shaped in accordance with the set of teeth 30 being oriented with the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15 in a direction facing the set of teeth 30. The carrier element 36 is oriented outside of the oral cavity of the patient 15. The orientation of the carrier element 36 may be determined on the basis of the shape of the carrier element 36, which is shaped in accordance with the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15. For example, a plane defined by the recess 39 is oriented with the plane of the biting surface of a dental arch 31 of the patient 15 or has a small angle with respect to this plane. The antenna array can be oriented for example with the aid of a camera in that image data of one or more camera(s) is used for calculating the orientation of the carrier element 36 relative to the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15.
[0117] In a further step S2 of the disclosed method, the carrier element 36 is connected to the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15 in a position in accordance with the application in that the carrier element 36 is brought in contact with the set of teeth 30 with the side shaped in accordance with the set of teeth 30. In the position in accordance with the application, the carrier element 36 forms a positive connection with the set of teeth 30, so a movement of the antenna array 26 relative to the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15 is avoided during the magnetic resonance examination. A freedom of movement of the tongue and/or a jaw of the patient 15 is limited by the positioning of the carrier element 36 in the position in accordance with the application in order to reduce image artifacts due to movements of the patient 15.
[0118] In one aspect of the disclosed method, in a recess 39 facing the dental arch 31 of the patient 15, the carrier element 36 has a plastic compound 34, which molds to the dental arch 31 of the patient 15 when the carrier element 36 is connected to the set of teeth 30. The plastic compound 34 forms a positive connection to the dental arch 31 and fixes the antenna array 26 reversibly to the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15. The distribution of the plastic compound 34 on the dental arch 31 can be assisted by an encircling wall 38 on the inner side of the teeth and/or outer side of the teeth, which presses the plastic compound onto the free surface of the teeth 41, so even interdental spaces are filled with the plastic compound 34.
[0119] In accordance with a further aspect of the disclosed method, the array of signal conductors 40 of the antenna array 26 is mounted over the recess 39 of the carrier element 36 by means of the holding apparatus 51 and deflected by at least part of the dental arch 31 in a direction of the carrier element 36 facing the recess 39 when the carrier element 36 is connected to the set of teeth 30. The dental arch 31 is guided in the connecting direction 53 into the recess 39 of the carrier element 36 in order to produce a position of the antenna array 26 in accordance with the application on the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15. The array of signal conductors 40 is stretched over the free surface of the dental arch 31 on deflection due to the dental arch 31 of the patient 15 by way of the elastic element 52 of the holding apparatus 51, so the inner side of the teeth, the biting surface and the outer side of the teeth of the dental arch is enclosed by the array of signal conductors 40.
[0120] In a step S3 of the disclosed method, the magnetic resonance measurement of the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15 is carried out, with the antenna array 26 detecting radio-frequency signals by means of the at least one signal conductor 37 and transmitting them to a receiver of the magnetic resonance apparatus. As described above, the radio-frequency signals can be transmitted in a wired manner or wirelessly. In the case of the wired design, the antenna array is connected to the radio-frequency unit 21 by the electrical connection cable 27, which unit represents the receiver of the magnetic resonance apparatus.
[0121] For carrying out the magnetic resonance measurement, imaging sequences are used, which allow a good differentiation of the set of teeth 30 from the surrounding tissue. As described above, imaging sequences with a very short echo time or relatively long echo time can be used here, which represent the dentin and the tooth enamel of the patient 15 in the image data in a signal intense or signal-free manner.
[0122] In one possible aspect of the disclosed method, the radio-frequency signals of the array of signal conductors 40 are detected with a plurality of receiver channels, and this enables the use of parallel imaging methods. A reduction in the measurement duration of the magnetic resonance measurement is achieved by acquiring a reduced volume of k-space data, in particular by reducing the number of phase-encoding steps. The k-space data is subsequently reconstructed by the evaluation unit 28 of the magnetic resonance apparatus 10 using reconstruction methods in order to generate the image data of the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15.
[0123] In an optional step S4 of the disclosed method, the carrier element 36 with the plastic compound 34 is detached from the set of teeth of the patient 15 and used to produce a positive mold of the set of teeth 30. For this purpose, the plastic compound 34 with the impression of the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15 is filled, as described above, with a molding compound. After curing of the molding compound the carrier element 36 is detached from the molding compound to obtain the positive mold of the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15. The positive mold can be used, for example, as a model for producing a dental prosthesis of the patient 15. It is likewise conceivable, however, that the positive mold is used for dedicated production of an adapted antenna array 26 for further magnetic resonance examinations.
[0124] Of course the order of the above-described method steps is not fixed. Individual steps, such as the production of a positive mold of the set of teeth 30 of the patient 15 for example, can also be carried out in an order different to that described here.
[0125] Although the disclosure has been illustrated and described in detail by the preferred exemplary aspects, the disclosure is nevertheless not limited by the disclosed examples and a person skilled in the art can derive other variations herefrom without departing from the scope of the disclosure.