A silicon-on-insulator substrate includes: (1) a high-resistivity base layer including silicon and a trap-rich region including arsenic diffused within a first side of the high-resistivity base layer, wherein the trap-rich region has a thickness that is in a range of 1 to 10 microns and a trap density that is in a range of 0.8*10.sup.10 cm.sup.2 eV.sup.1 to 1.2*10.sup.10 cm.sup.2 eV.sup.1, wherein the high-resistivity base layer has resistivity in a range of 50 to 100 ohm-meters and a thickness in a range of 500 to 700 microns; (2) a silicon dioxide layer positioned on the first side of the high-resistivity base layer and having a thickness that is in a range of 1000 to 5000 angstroms; and (3) a transfer layer positioned on the silicon dioxide layer, wherein the transfer layer comprises a silicon wafer having a thickness that is a range of 500 to 5000 angstroms.

A silicon-on-insulator substrate includes: (1) a high-resistivity base layer including silicon and a trap-rich region including arsenic diffused within a first side of the high-resistivity base layer, wherein the trap-rich region has a thickness that is in a range of 1 to 10 microns and a trap density that is in a range of 0.8*10.sup.10 cm.sup.2 eV.sup.1 to 1.2*10.sup.10 cm.sup.2 eV.sup.1, wherein the high-resistivity base layer has resistivity in a range of 50 to 100 ohm-meters and a thickness in a range of 500 to 700 microns; (2) a silicon dioxide layer positioned on the first side of the high-resistivity base layer and having a thickness that is in a range of 1000 to 5000 angstroms; and (3) a transfer layer positioned on the silicon dioxide layer, wherein the transfer layer comprises a silicon wafer having a thickness that is a range of 500 to 5000 angstroms.

A method for forming an SOI substrate includes following operations. A first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer and a third semiconductor layer are formed over a first substrate. A plurality of trenches and a plurality of recesses are formed in the first semiconductor layer, the second semiconductor layer and the third semiconductor layer. The plurality of trenches extend along a first direction, and the plurality of recesses extend along a second direction different from the first direction. The plurality of trenches and the plurality of recesses are sealed to form a plurality of voids. A device layer is formed over the first substrate. The devices layer is bonded to an insulator layer over a second substrate. The third semiconductor layer, the device layer the insulator layer and the second substrate are separated from the first semiconductor layer and the first substrate. The device layer is exposed.

A method for producing a planar semiconductor surface includes forming a workpiece that has a carrier substrate, one or more insulating layers, a semiconductor layer, a first etch stop layer, and a second etch stop layer; forming a contact on the workpiece; biasing the workpiece to a second voltage through the contact; etching the second etch stop layer and part of the first etch stop layer with a photo-electrochemical etching and the second voltage that selectively removes the second etch stop layer faster than the first etch stop layer; biasing the workpiece to a first voltage through the contact; and etching the first etch stop layer and part of the semiconductor layer with the photo-electrochemical etching and the first voltage that selectively removes the first etch stop layer faster than the semiconductor layer to produce a semiconductor device with a planar surface on the semiconductor layer.

A method for manufacturing a silicon substrate for a quantum computer, the method includes the steps of forming a Si epitaxial layer by epitaxial growth using a Si source gas as a silicon-based raw material gas, in which a total content of 28Si and 30Si in a whole silicon contained in the silicon-based raw material gas is 99.9% or more, on a silicon substrate, forming an oxygen (O) -doped layer by oxidizing a surface of the Si epitaxial layer, and forming a Si epitaxial layer by epitaxial growth using a Si source gas, in which a total content of 28Si and 30Si in a whole silicon contained in the silicon-based raw material gas is 99.9% or more, on the -doped layer.

A support substrate for a radiofrequency application comprises: a base substrate made of monocrystalline silicon comprising P-type dopants and having a resistivity that is greater than or equal to 250 ohm.Math.cm and strictly less than 500 ohm.Math.cm, and a content of interstitial oxygen between 13 ppma and 19 ppma, an epitaxial layer made of monocrystalline silicon comprising P-type dopants, disposed on the base substrate and having a thickness between 2 microns and 30 microns, an upper portion at least of the epitaxial layer having a resistivity greater than 3000 ohm.Math.cm, a charge-trapping layer made of polycrystalline silicon having a resistivity greater than or equal to 1000 ohm.Math.cm and a thickness between 1 micron and 10 microns. A method is used for manufacturing such a support substrate.

A support substrate for a radiofrequency application comprises: a base substrate made of monocrystalline silicon comprising P-type dopants and having a resistivity that is greater than or equal to 250 ohm.Math.cm and strictly less than 500 ohm.Math.cm, and a content of interstitial oxygen between 13 ppma and 19 ppma, an epitaxial layer made of monocrystalline silicon comprising P-type dopants, disposed on the base substrate and having a thickness between 2 microns and 30 microns, an upper portion at least of the epitaxial layer having a resistivity greater than 3000 ohm.Math.cm, a charge-trapping layer made of polycrystalline silicon having a resistivity greater than or equal to 1000 ohm.Math.cm and a thickness between 1 micron and 10 microns. A method is used for manufacturing such a support substrate.

Semiconductor processing methods and apparatuses are provided. Some methods include providing a first wafer to a processing chamber, the first wafer having a thickness, a beveled edge, a first side, and a plurality of devices formed in a device area on the first side, the device area having an outer perimeter, depositing an annular ring of material on the first wafer, the annular ring of material covering a region of the beveled edge and the outer perimeter of the device area, and having an inner boundary closer to the center point of the first wafer than the outer perimeter, bonding a second substrate to the plurality of devices and to a portion of the annular ring of material, and thinning the thickness of the first wafer.

A method for manufacturing a support substrate comprising a charge-trapping layer for a semiconductor-on-insulator or piezoelectric-on-insulator structure for a radio-frequency application, includes: placing a base substrate comprising a layer of native silicon oxide in a deposition chamber; raising the temperature of the deposition chamber to a deposition temperature of the charge-trapping layer; introducing an oxidizing gas into the deposition chamber in order to preserve the layer of native silicon oxide during the temperature rise; venting the oxygen from the deposition chamber at the formation temperature of the charge-trapping layer; and-depositing, in the deposition chamber, the charge-trapping layer of polycrystalline silicon on the layer of native silicon oxide.

A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a semiconductor layer, the semiconductor layer including a two-dimensional semiconductor material, forming a sacrificial layer on the semiconductor layer, forming a metal contact layer on the sacrificial layer, and removing the sacrificial layer. After the sacrificial layer is removed, the semiconductor layer and the metal contact layer are bonded to each other through a van der Waals bond.