There is provided a method of synthesizing a single-stranded nucleotide sequence, the method comprising adding a blocked nucleoside triphosphate to an initiator nucleotide sequence to incorporate a corresponding blocked nucleotide thereto in the presence of a polymerase, wherein the blocked nucleoside triphosphate has one of the general formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and (VI).

The purpose of the present invention is to provide novel complexes that improve the effect of nucleic acid medicines. Provided is a complex in which a multibranched lipid(s) binds through a linker to a strand of an oligonucleotide comprising a nucleic acid medicine having suppressing activity of the target gene expression.

Disclosed are compounds and compositions for the activation or induction of expression of a pattern recognition receptor (e.g., STING, RIG-I, MDA5), and methods of use thereof.

The present invention provides a novel nucleoside derivative or a salt thereof, a polynucleotide synthesis reagent, a method for producing a polynucleotide, a polynucleotide, and a method for producing a binding nucleic acid molecule. The nucleoside derivative or a salt thereof of the present invention is represented by the following chemical formula (1). ##STR00001## In the chemical formula (1), Su is an atomic group having a sugar skeleton at a nucleoside residue or an atomic group having a sugar phosphate skeleton at a nucleotide residue, and may or may not have a protecting group, L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are each independently a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, X.sup.1 is an imino group (—NR.sup.1—), an ether group (—O—), or a thioether group (—S—), and R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

The present invention provides a novel nucleoside derivative or a salt thereof, a polynucleotide synthesis reagent, a method for producing a polynucleotide, a polynucleotide, and a method for producing a binding nucleic acid molecule. The nucleoside derivative or a salt thereof of the present invention is represented by the following chemical formula (1). ##STR00001## In the chemical formula (1), Su is an atomic group having a sugar skeleton at a nucleoside residue or an atomic group having a sugar phosphate skeleton at a nucleotide residue, and may or may not have a protecting group, L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are each independently a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, X.sup.1 is an imino group (—NR.sup.1—), an ether group (—O—), or a thioether group (—S—), and R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

The invention relates to the development and optimization of PCR and RT-PCR systems used to detect nucleic acids, including the diagnosis of genetic, viral, and other diseases. The essence of the proposed method is that neutral derivatives of oligonucleotides, namely phosphoryl guanidines containing one or more phosphate groups in which guanidine or substituted guanidine residue is introduced on the phosphorus atom, are used as primers for the template-based amplification, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR combined with reverse transcription (RT-PCR). The invention allows to obtain more reliable, specific and selective results in the process of PCR, in particular, to increase the sensitivity of PCR by reducing the yield of by-products of DNA amplification and/or to control the yield of the PCR product, including intentionally suppressing, by using different combinations of the location and number of modified phosphate groups in the oligonucleotide primers.

The invention relates to the development and optimization of PCR and RT-PCR systems used to detect nucleic acids, including the diagnosis of genetic, viral, and other diseases. The essence of the proposed method is that neutral derivatives of oligonucleotides, namely phosphoryl guanidines containing one or more phosphate groups in which guanidine or substituted guanidine residue is introduced on the phosphorus atom, are used as primers for the template-based amplification, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR combined with reverse transcription (RT-PCR). The invention allows to obtain more reliable, specific and selective results in the process of PCR, in particular, to increase the sensitivity of PCR by reducing the yield of by-products of DNA amplification and/or to control the yield of the PCR product, including intentionally suppressing, by using different combinations of the location and number of modified phosphate groups in the oligonucleotide primers.

A hybrid DNA/RNA molecule, or a complex thereof with at least one nanoparticle, may be used for the prevention or treatment of a disease, in particular a disease of the digestive system.

The present embodiments provide methods, compounds, and compositions useful for inhibiting FOXP3 expression, which may be useful for treating, preventing, or ameliorating cancer.

Embodiments for the synthesis of sensitive oligonucleotides as well as insensitive oligonucleotides are provided. Sulfur-based groups are used for the protection of exo-amino groups of nucleobases, phosphate groups and 2′-OH groups, and as cleavable linker for linking oligonucleotides to a support. Oligonucleotide syntheses are achieved under typical conditions using phosphoramidite chemistry with important modifications. To prevent replacing sulfur-based protecting groups by acyl groups via cap-exchange, special capping agents are used. To retain hydrophobic tag to assist RP HPLC purification, special phosphoramidites are used in the last synthetic cycle. With the sulfur-based groups for protection and linking, oligonucleotide deprotection and cleavage are achieved via oxidation followed by beta-elimination under mild conditions. Therefore, besides for insensitive oligonucleotide synthesis, the embodiments of the invention are capable for the synthesis of oligonucleotide analogs containing sensitive functional groups that cannot survive the harsh conditions used in prior art oligonucleotide synthesis technologies.