Various embodiments herein relate to electrochromic devices and electrochromic device precursors, as well as methods and apparatus for fabricating such electrochromic devices and electrochromic device precursors. In certain embodiments, the electrochromic device or precursor may include one or more particular materials such as a particular electrochromic material and/or a particular counter electrode material. In various implementations, the electrochromic material includes tungsten titanium molybdenum oxide. In these or other implementation, the counter electrode material may include nickel tungsten oxide, nickel tungsten tantalum oxide, nickel tungsten niobium oxide, nickel tungsten tin oxide, or another material.

The disclosed subject matter relates to electrochromic devices including variable electrochromic light filter devices that may be configured to vary the transmissivity of light therethrough in response to an applied voltage from one or more control circuits, device components, electroactive photocurable compositions, cured electroactive polymer compositions used therein and methods of forming the aforementioned devices and electroactive polymer compositions.

The disclosed subject matter relates to electrochromic devices including variable electrochromic light filter devices that may be configured to vary the transmissivity of light therethrough in response to an applied voltage from one or more control circuits, device components, electroactive photocurable compositions, cured electroactive polymer compositions used therein and methods of forming the aforementioned devices and electroactive polymer compositions.

An ultraviolet-ray detecting device, a smart apparatus and a fabricating method. The ultraviolet-ray detecting device has: a substrate (1); and a plurality of identification regions (2), wherein each of the identification regions (2) includes an ultraviolet-photochromic marker (3) on the substrate (1) and a cover (4) covering the ultraviolet-photochromic marker (3), wherein ultraviolet-ray blocking capacities of the covers (4) in the identification regions (2) are different.

External part for a timepiece or piece of jewellery, this external part being produced by means of a polymer matrix in which piezochromic molecules are dispersed that change from a first stable state to a second stable state while changing colour under the effect of applied pressure.

An antimicrobial article that includes: an antimicrobial composite region that includes a matrix comprising a polymeric material, and a first plurality of particles within the matrix. The particles include a phase-separable glass with a copper-containing antimicrobial agent. The antimicrobial composite region can be a film containing the first plurality of particles that is subsequently laminated to a bulk element. The first plurality of particles can also be pressed into the film or a bulk element to define an antimicrobial composite region. An exposed surface portion of the antimicrobial composite region can exhibit at least a log 2 reduction in a concentration of at least one of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria under a Modified EPA Copper Test Protocol.

The present disclosure relates to a decoration element comprising a color developing layer comprising a light reflective layer, and a light absorbing layer provided on the light reflective layer; and an electrochromic device provided on one surface of the color developing layer.

A detecting device for indicating the intensity of a predetermined type of radiation present in electromagnetic radiation incident on the detecting device can include: a filter element for filtering the incident electromagnetic radiation, wherein the filter element is configured to filter off electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of above 590 nm from the incident electromagnetic radiation; a converging element configured to increase the density of photons of the predetermined type of radiation present in the incident electromagnetic radiation; and a sensor element of material arranged to receive the incident electromagnetic radiation that has passed through the filter element and the converging element for indicating the intensity of the predetermined type of radiation present in the incident electromagnetic radiation by change of the color of the sensor element of material, wherein the material is represented by the following formula: (M′)8(M″M′″)6O24(X,S)2:M″″ (formula (I)).

A detecting device for indicating the intensity of a predetermined type of radiation present in electromagnetic radiation incident on the detecting device can include: a filter element for filtering the incident electromagnetic radiation, wherein the filter element is configured to filter off electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of above 590 nm from the incident electromagnetic radiation; a converging element configured to increase the density of photons of the predetermined type of radiation present in the incident electromagnetic radiation; and a sensor element of material arranged to receive the incident electromagnetic radiation that has passed through the filter element and the converging element for indicating the intensity of the predetermined type of radiation present in the incident electromagnetic radiation by change of the color of the sensor element of material, wherein the material is represented by the following formula: (M′)8(M″M′″)6O24(X,S)2:M″″ (formula (I)).

Disclosed herein are porous electrochromic niobium oxide films comprising a plurality of niobium oxide nanocrystals, wherein the plurality of niobium oxide nanocrystals comprise niobium oxide having a formula of NbO.sub.x where x represents the average Nb:O ratio in the niobium oxide and where x is from 2 to 2.6. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the porous electrochromic niobium oxide films, methods of use of the porous electrochromic niobium oxide films, and devices comprising the porous electrochromic niobium oxide films.