An alkylate base oil of biological origin and a process to make an alkylate base oil comprising: a) hydrogenating a farnesene to make a farnesane comprising from zero to less than 5 wt % unsaturated molecules; and b) alkylating the farnesane with one or more C6 to C43 olefins in the presence of an acidic alkylation catalyst to make the alkylate base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 3 mm.sup.2/s to 20 mm.sup.2/s.

Provided herein are methods for producing α,β-unsaturated ketones from the condensation of methyl ketones in the presence of an amine catalyst. Such amine catalysts may be supported, for example, on a silica-alumina support. Such amine catalysts may be used in the presence of an additional acid. The α,β-unsaturated ketones may be produced by dimerization and/or timerization of the methyl ketones. Such α,β-unsaturated ketones may be suitable for use in producing fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, or precursors thereof. The methyl ketones may be obtained from renewable sources, such as by the fermentation of biomass.

The present disclosure relates to processes to produce a poly alpha-olefin (PAO) composition. In some embodiments, a process includes introducing a first C6-C32 alpha-olefin, a second C6-C32 alpha-olefin different than the first C6-C32 alpha-olefin, and a first catalyst system comprising an activator and a metallocene compound into a first reactor, wherein a molar ratio of the first C6-C32 alpha-olefin to the second C6-C32 alpha-olefin is from about 1:5 to about 5:1, by total moles of the first and second C6-C32 alpha-olefin; obtaining a first effluent including a PAO dimer; introducing the first effluent, a third C6-C32 alpha-olefin, and a second catalyst system to an oligomerization unit, wherein the third C6-C32 alpha-olefin is the same or different than the first C6-C32 alpha-olefin and/or second C6-C32 alpha-olefin; obtaining a second effluent; and hydrogenating the second effluent to form the PAO composition.

The present invention relates to a lubricant composition, and more particularly to a lubricant composition, which includes an ethylene-alphaolefin oligomer and an alkylated phosphonium compound, thus realizing energy reduction and an increased endurance life, and which is thus suitable for use in gear oil. The lubricant composition of the present invention includes a base oil, a liquid olefin copolymer, and an alkylated phosphonium compound.

Disclosed herein are polyketone triglyceride compositions containing 8 to 16 ketone carbonyl moieties per triglyceride unit and methods of making. Also disclosed are polyimine triglyceride compositions having has 8 to 16 nitrogen moieties per triglyceride unit and methods of making. Also disclosed are polyamine triglyceride compositions containing 8 to 16 nitrogen moieties per triglyceride unit and methods of making.

The present invention concerns compositions, and more specifically lubricating compositions, comprising an alternative to di-iso tridecyl adipate (DITA). The present invention therefore discloses compositions comprising di-(2-hexyldecyl) succinate, advantageously from a renewable source, and the uses thereof as lubricating compositions, in particular as hydraulic oils or engine oils.

A method for producing a lubricant in producing an overbased calcium sulfonate, which is converted from the vaterite form into the calcite form and, finally, a calcium sulfonate grease is produced by heating the mixture. A lubricant may comprise at least one ester composition, calcium carbonate and at least one overbased alkylbenzene sulfonate. The basicity of the mixture is limited during the preparation of the overbased calcium sulfonate to a TBN of at most 550 mg KOH/g and during the conversion of the calcium sulfonate to a TBN of at most 450 mg KOH/g. Both the calcium sulfonate and the grease containing said calcium sulfonate may be produced exclusively on an ester basis, so that the end product does not contain any mineral oil and is therefore easily and completely biodegradable.

The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil comprising a lubricating base oil and at least one selected from the group consisting of an amine salt of phosphonic acid and an amine salt of phosphonic acid monoester, and a method for producing the same.

Disclosed herein is a process for preparing an isomeric mixture comprising a major amount of a para-branched mono-alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound. The process involves the steps of: (a) providing an isomeric mixture comprising a major amount of a para-di(alkyl-substituted)aromatic compound; wherein a first alkyl substituent is a C.sub.3 to C.sub.8 alkyl moiety and a second alkyl substituent is a C.sub.4+n to C.sub.8+n branched alkyl moiety, wherein n is 0 to 42 and further wherein the second alkyl substituent is at least one carbon atom greater than the first alkyl substituent; (b) subjecting the isomeric mixture comprising a major amount of a para-di(alkyl-substituted)aromatic compound to oxidation conditions in the presence of an oxygen-containing source, thereby converting the first alkyl substituent which is a C.sub.3 to C.sub.8 alkyl moiety to a hydroperoxide-containing substituted moiety to produce an isomeric mixture comprising a major amount of a para-branched alkyl-substituted, hydroperoxide-containing substituted aromatic compound; and (c) converting the hydroperoxide-containing substituted moiety to a hydroxyl moiety thereby providing an isomeric mixture comprising a major amount of a para-branched mono-alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound.

This invention is directed to a poly alpha olefin (PAO) composition formed in a first oligomerization, wherein at least portions of the PAO have properties that make them highly desirable for a subsequent oligomerization. A preferred process for producing this PAO uses a single site catalyst at high temperatures without adding hydrogen to produce a low viscosity PAO with excellent Noack volatility at high conversion rates. This PAO comprises a dimer product with at least 25 wt % tri-substituted vinylene olefins wherein said dimer product is highly desirable as a feedstock for a subsequent oligomerization. This PAO also comprises trimer and optionally higher oligomer products with outstanding properties that make these products useful as lubricant basestocks following hydrogenation.