A method of forming a multilayered zinc alloy coating comprises steps of providing a bath of an aqueous electrolyte including zinc and a second electrodepositable component in an electrolytic cell having an anode and a cathode; applying a current or voltage between the anode and the cathode; modulating the applied current or voltage over time between at least two current or voltage values to thereby modulate the current density over multiple cycles between at least two current density values, wherein a first current density value is in a range of 0.3 to less than 2 A/dm.sup.2 and a second current density value is higher than the first current density value and is in a range of 0.6 to less than 5 A/dm.sup.2; and controlling the modulation of the applied current or voltage to obtain a multilayered structure having multiple layers of one or more of alternating proportions of the second component, alternating corrosion potential, alternating grain size, and alternating grain orientation, wherein one or more of the multiple layers has a thickness in the range of 1 to 10 μm.

A method of passivating a metal surface of hydrocarbon processing equipment is provided in which a water soluble molybdate compound is introduced into water or steam which is in contact or will come into contact with a metal surface of the hydrocarbon processing equipment to passivate the metal surface to inhibit surface coke formation.

An Internet of things (IoT) based system for deploying volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI) in order to mitigate soil-side corrosion of an aboveground storage tank is provided. The system includes: a VCI tank for storing the VCI; corrosion detection sensors on a soil side of the storage tank for detecting the soil-side corrosion, generating corresponding detection signals, and transmitting the detection signals over the Internet; a control circuit including control logic for receiving the detection signals, generating a flow control signal, and transmitting the flow control signal over the Internet; and a flow control valve (FCV) for receiving the flow control signal and controlling a flow of the VCI from the VCI tank to the soil side of the storage tank in response to the flow control signal in order to mitigate the soil-side corrosion of the storage tank.

An Internet of things (IoT) based system for deploying volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI) in order to mitigate soil-side corrosion of an aboveground storage tank is provided. The system includes: a VCI tank for storing the VCI; corrosion detection sensors on a soil side of the storage tank for detecting the soil-side corrosion, generating corresponding detection signals, and transmitting the detection signals over the Internet; a control circuit including control logic for receiving the detection signals, generating a flow control signal, and transmitting the flow control signal over the Internet; and a flow control valve (FCV) for receiving the flow control signal and controlling a flow of the VCI from the VCI tank to the soil side of the storage tank in response to the flow control signal in order to mitigate the soil-side corrosion of the storage tank.

Water treatment compositions are provided that are effective for mitigating corrosion or fouling of surfaces in contact with aqueous systems. The water treatment compositions can include one or more azole compounds, one or more transition metals, and one or more dispersants, in addition to various other additives. The water treatment compositions can exclude phosphorus and still be effective. Methods for mitigating corrosion or fouling of a surface in an aqueous system are also provided.

Water treatment compositions are provided that are effective for mitigating corrosion or fouling of surfaces in contact with aqueous systems. The water treatment compositions can include one or more azole compounds, one or more transition metals, and one or more dispersants, in addition to various other additives. The water treatment compositions can exclude phosphorus and still be effective. Methods for mitigating corrosion or fouling of a surface in an aqueous system are also provided.

An anticorrosion agent comprising (A) an organosilicon compound of formula (1)
R.sup.1—Si—(OR.sup.2).sub.3  (1)
and (B) an amine compound of formula (2) ##STR00001##
and/or an amine compound of formula (3) ##STR00002##
is applied to steel-reinforced concrete to prevent corrosion of the steel reinforcement.

The patent discloses method and control system for gas injection into the coolant of a nuclear reactor plant. The method includes the following steps: gas to be injected into the coolant is supplied from the gas system to the above-coolant space; gas is injected into the gas system from the above-coolant space. Technical result: prevention of reuse of contaminated gas.

A novel imidazole compound that yields a surface treatment liquid that is very effective at suppressing migration and oxidation of a wiring surface; a metal surface treatment liquid that contains the imidazole compound; a metal surface treatment method that uses the metal surface treatment liquid; and a laminate production method that uses the surface treatment liquid. A metal is surface-treated using the surface treatment liquid which includes a saturated fatty acid or a saturated fatty acid ester of a specific structure, in which a prescribed position is substituted by an aromatic group of a prescribed structure and an imidazolyl group that may have a substituent group.

Compounds, compositions and methods are provided for inhibiting corrosion at a surface in the production, transportation, storage, and separation of fluids such as crude oil and natural gas, the compounds having the formula: ##STR00001## wherein: Each R.sub.1 is independently —CH.sub.2OH and —C(O)OH; R.sub.2 is ##STR00002## Each R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen or R.sub.5, or both R.sub.3 together form a ring via a linker ##STR00003## Each R.sub.4 is independently hydrogen or R.sub.5; R.sub.5 is —CH.sub.2SC.sub.2H.sub.4R.sub.1; and n is an integer from 0 to 3.