Passage-separated intake of the present invention refers to that a separate supercharged intake passage and a separate supercharged intake supply apparatus are provided such that natural intake is separated from supercharged intake to implement respective intake without mutual interference. Time-separated intake refers to that in order to avoid a cylinder C from becoming a passage between natural intake and supercharged intake, natural intake is performed first in an intake stroke, and supercharged intake is performed after a bottom dead center of the intake stroke at the end of the natural intake. The efficiency of supercharged intake in this case is <100%. The supercharged intake is that an ECU controls the timing of intake performed by a supercharged electromagnetic gas valve V according to a signal from a crankshaft position sensor SQ. As data about a supercharged intake amount at different rotational speeds of an internal combustion engine has been input to the ECU, the ECU controls, according to a signal from a crankshaft speed sensor SR, the supercharged electromagnetic gas valve V to inject a corresponding amount of air into the cylinder C, so as to change a compression ratio by changing the supercharged intake amount.

A valve arrangement for supplying air to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a first valve, the first valve including a first valve head, a first valve stem assembly and an internal cavity, which is at least partly located in the first valve stem assembly, and a second valve partly arranged within the internal cavity of the first valve, the second valve including a second valve head and a second valve stem assembly, and being movable within the internal cavity between an upper, closed position and a lower, open position, wherein a junction seal extends over a junction between the first valve stem assembly and the second valve stem assembly when the second valve is in the closed position. A leakage preventing arrangement is arranged to hinder leakage of liquid from the outside of the junction seal from reaching in between the first valve stem assembly and the second salve stem assembly.

A valve arrangement for supplying air to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a first valve, the first valve including a first valve head, a first valve stem assembly and an internal cavity, which is at least partly located in the first valve stem assembly, and a second valve partly arranged within the internal cavity of the first valve, the second valve including a second valve head and a second valve stem assembly, and being movable within the internal cavity between an upper, closed position and a lower, open position, wherein a junction seal extends over a junction between the first valve stem assembly and the second valve stem assembly when the second valve is in the closed position. A leakage preventing arrangement is arranged to hinder leakage of liquid from the outside of the junction seal from reaching in between the first valve stem assembly and the second salve stem assembly.

A method for starting an internal combustion engine by a compressed air starting system, in which in a first starting sequence the engagement of the starter is brought about by compressed air, a decompression valve for relieving the cylinder working space is acted on in the opening direction, and starting of the internal combustion engine is initiated by pulsed compressed air being applied to the starter. In a second starting sequence the decompression valve is acted on in the closing direction, and constant compressed air is applied to the starter.

A system for correcting turbo lag of a diesel engine vehicle equipped with a turbo charger and a vacuum pump according to the present disclosure may include: a chamber being supplied with an air/oil mixture discharged from the vacuum pump, separating and storing the mixture into air and oil, and including a first valve for spraying the air and a second valve for discharging the oil; an accelerator pedal sensor sensing a depression extent of an accelerator pedal of the vehicle; a first pressure sensor sensing the pressure of the air compressed in the chamber; and a controller controlling the first valve in accordance with the depression extent of the accelerator pedal sensed by the accelerator pedal sensor.

A gas feeding arrangement for feeding gas from an internal combustion engine cylinder chamber to a gas tank includes a feeding conduit assembly and a dedicated feeding valve. The feeding valve is adapted to assume an open condition in which it provides for gas transport in a direction from the cylinder chamber towards the gas tank, via the feeding conduit assembly. The gas feeding arrangement includes a one-way valve adapted to prevent gas transport from the gas tank to the cylinder chamber, via the feeding conduit assembly.

Variable compression ratio engines and methods for homogeneous charge, compression ignition operation. The engines effectively premix the fuel and air well before compression ignition. Various embodiments are disclosed including embodiments that include two stages of compression to obtain compression ratios well above the mechanical compression ratio of the engine cylinders for compression ignition of difficult to ignite fuels, and a controllable combustion chamber volume for limiting the maximum temperature during combustion. Energy storage with energy management are also disclosed.

Variable compression ratio engines and methods for homogeneous charge, compression ignition operation. The engines effectively premix the fuel and air well before compression ignition. Various embodiments are disclosed including embodiments that include two stages of compression to obtain compression ratios well above the mechanical compression ratio of the engine cylinders for compression ignition of difficult to ignite fuels, and a controllable combustion chamber volume for limiting the maximum temperature during combustion. Energy storage with energy management are also disclosed.

Methods and systems are provided for a boosted internal combustion engine. In one example, a system may include an intake system for supplying charge air, a compressor arranged in the intake system, a first shut-off element arranged in the intake system upstream of an impeller of the compressor, a bypass line that branches off from the intake system upstream of the first shut-off element and that rejoins the intake system upstream of the impeller, a second shut-off element arranged in the bypass line, a compressed air line that opens into the bypass line downstream of the second shut-off element, and a third shut-off element arranged in the compressed air line. A map width of the compressor may be increased by providing airflow to the impeller via the bypass line during low mass flow conditions, and impeller acceleration may be expedited by providing compressed air via the compressed air line.

Methods and systems are provided for a boosted internal combustion engine. In one example, a system may include an intake system for supplying charge air, a compressor arranged in the intake system, a first shut-off element arranged in the intake system upstream of an impeller of the compressor, a bypass line that branches off from the intake system upstream of the first shut-off element and that rejoins the intake system upstream of the impeller, a second shut-off element arranged in the bypass line, a compressed air line that opens into the bypass line downstream of the second shut-off element, and a third shut-off element arranged in the compressed air line. A map width of the compressor may be increased by providing airflow to the impeller via the bypass line during low mass flow conditions, and impeller acceleration may be expedited by providing compressed air via the compressed air line.