Disclosed is a device for gas replacement capable of reducing the amount of replacement gas, improving a gas replacement rate, and reducing the amount of split liquid. In a replacement nozzle (11) which blows the replacement gas toward a container opening portion symmetrically about a center line in the container radial direction, the space between nozzle port outermost walls is divided with a plurality of wind direction adjustment plates (16a, 16b) to generate a plurality of blowout ports. The replacement gas flow blowing along the outermost walls of the nozzle opening are so blown inward as to form an angle of 100 to 130. Moreover, the replacement gas is blown from the replacement nozzle to the range between the level lower than the end of the can opening by one third or more the height of the can neck portion and the level equal to or higher than the height of the can cover.

Disclosed herein are robust disposable alternating tangential flow (ATF) housing and diaphragm pump units and associated methods of manufacturing, testing, wetting, and using the same.

The present disclosure describes a method and apparatus for compressing gas, comprising providing elliptically-shaped combustion chambers including a first chamber having a first inlet and a first outlet, and a last chamber having a last inlet and a last outlet. The first inlet is in communication with a low pressure plenum, the first outlet is in communication with the last inlet, and the last outlet is in communication with a high pressure plenum to define a flow pathway. A volume of gas is introduced into the first chamber at a first pressure. A fuel is injected into the first chamber at the first focus and is ignited to advance the volume of gas along the flow pathway to the last combustion chamber. A fuel is injected into the last chamber at the first focus and is ignited to further advance the volume of gas along the flow pathway.

The present disclosure describes a method and apparatus for compressing gas, comprising providing elliptically-shaped combustion chambers including a first chamber having a first inlet and a first outlet, and a last chamber having a last inlet and a last outlet. The first inlet is in communication with a low pressure plenum, the first outlet is in communication with the last inlet, and the last outlet is in communication with a high pressure plenum to define a flow pathway. A volume of gas is introduced into the first chamber at a first pressure. A fuel is injected into the first chamber at the first focus and is ignited to advance the volume of gas along the flow pathway to the last combustion chamber. A fuel is injected into the last chamber at the first focus and is ignited to further advance the volume of gas along the flow pathway.

A rotary isobaric pressure exchanger (IPX) includes a first end cover having a first surface that interfaces with a first end face of a rotor, wherein the first end cover has at least one first fluid inlet and at least one first fluid outlet. The IPX includes a second end cover having a second surface that interfaces with a second end face of the rotor, wherein the second end cover has at least one second fluid inlet and at least one second fluid outlet. The IPX includes a port disposed through the first surface of the first end cover or through the second surface of the second end cover, wherein during rotation of the cylindrical rotor about the rotational axis the port is configured to fluidly communicate with at least one channel of the plurality of channels within the rotor.

A system includes a hydraulic energy transfer system configured to exchange pressures between a first fluid and a second fluid. The system also includes a motor system configured to power the hydraulic energy transfer system and a shaft coupling the motor system and the hydraulic energy transfer system. Additionally, the system includes a shaft seal disposed about the shaft. Further, the system includes a pressure compensator configured to reduce a pressure differential across the shaft seal.

A system includes an isobaric pressure exchanger (IPX) that includes a housing and a rotor disposed within the housing. The system also includes a rotor advancing tool configured to engage and to move the rotor while the rotor is within the housing. The housing includes an opening that enables the rotor advancing tool to extend through the opening to engage and move the rotor.

A distribution manifold for a pressure exchange chamber pumping system having a plurality of pressure exchange chambers arranged in parallel. The distribution manifold includes: a hollow manifold body defining a distribution chamber: an inlet leading into the body and connectable in flow communication with a medium supply: and a plurality of spaced apart outlets opening operatively upwardly out of the body. each outlet being connectable in flow communication with a medium inlet valve of a pressure exchange chamber.

The compressor compresses gas in capillaries leading to a radially distant annular container space. Centrifugal force acts on gas bubbles entrained between liquid slugs moving radially outward through the capillaries which may be radial, tangential or continuously curved. Compressed gas is collected in the annular space. A gas-liquid emulsion is fed to the capillaries by an inboard emulsification device. The emulsification may include a vortex generator, an ejector or a venturi injector, all feeding the gas-liquid mixture into the inboard ends of the capillaries. The capillaries are formed in a series of discs, coaxially stacked with outer disc ends open to the annular space. Capillary inlets may be perpendicular, tangential or may define a venturi jet.

Provided herein are passive microfluidic pumps. The pumps can comprise a fluid inlet, an absorbent region, a resistive region fluidly connecting the fluid inlet and the absorbent region, and an evaporation barrier enclosing the resistive region, the absorbent region, or a combination thereof. The resistive region can comprise a first porous medium, and a fluidly non-conducting boundary defining a path for fluid flow through the first porous medium from the fluid inlet to the absorbent region. The absorbent region can comprise a fluidly non-conducting boundary defining a volume of a second porous medium sized to absorb a predetermined volume of fluid imbibed from the resistive region. The resistive region and the absorbent region can be configured to establish a capillary-driven fluid front advancing from the fluid inlet through the resistive region to the absorbent region when the fluid inlet is contacted with fluid.