A cable includes a bush that accommodates a coil formed by helically winding a heat-transfer wire to have a heat dissipation function. The bush may include a resin material including a heat-transfer powder mixed therein. The heat-transfer wire may be configured to be connected to a heat source attached to the cable to receive heat from the heat source. The bush may include a smooth surface.

A coupling that includes a rigid inner shell, a rigid outer shell positioned around the inner shell to define an intermediate space that contains an electric line and a thermally insulating layer, and an electric connecting line for heating fluid that flows in the inner shell.

A double-walled pipe with integrated heating capability for an aircraft or spacecraft includes a pipe body rigidly formed from plastic in one piece with an inner wall, with an outer wall and with a plurality of wall supports, the wall supports connecting the inner wall to the outer wall, the inner wall and the outer wall defining an intermediate space. The double-walled pipe further includes an electrically conductive coating surrounding the inner wall within the intermediate space and configured to heat up under application of an electric current such that heat is transferred to the inner wall.

A pipe-in-pipe bulkhead assembly has inner and outer rings spaced in concentric relation to define a thermally-isolating gap in the annulus between them. Interlocking formations project into the annulus from each of the rings, presenting confronting faces where they overlap radially. The gap extends between the longitudinally-spaced faces. A thermally-insulating spacer is interposed between the faces in the gap to carry axial mechanical loads between the inner and outer rings. Heating elements outside the inner ring extend longitudinally beyond the gap between the faces and along a longitudinal passageway that passes through or beside an interlocking formation of the inner ring. The spacer may be positioned before or after the outer ring is placed, for example as a discrete element or as an injected mass. An additional sealing mass may also be positioned in the annulus, for example by injection, to promote a gas-tight seal.

A pipe-in-pipe assembly with thermally-insulating spacers positioned in an annulus to act radially between inner and outer pipes is disclosed. The spacers have at least one circumferentially-extending array of circumferentially-spaced ribs that define longitudinally-extending passageways in gaps between neighbouring ribs of the array. Cables including heating elements extend longitudinally along the annulus outside the inner pipe. The cables extend longitudinally along the passageways. At least one insulation layer disposed radially outboard of the cables has insulating elements disposed in the gaps between the ribs and/or an insulating layer extending around the inner pipe, positioned radially outboard of the ribs and bridging the gaps. Bands encircle and retain components of the insulation layer. Insulation may also be disposed on the inner pipe between first and second arrays of ribs, those arrays being spaced longitudinally from each other.

A heatable media line having at least one media line with two connector ends, in particular line connectors, and at least two electrical heating elements. At least one element is provided by which a differentiated heat input and/or output is enabled or provided for at both connector ends of the heatable media line.

A heat conductor and a heated media line having an inner tubular fluid line and at least one heat conductor arranged on the periphery thereof. The heat conductor is formed by a braid made of twisted individual wires and, in particular, an outer protective sheath surrounding the heat conductor and the fluid line. The braid is formed by at least six individual wires surrounding a support element, of which at least one individual wire is made of a copper-nickel (CuNi) alloy, and the remaining individual wires are produced from copper (Cu) or from a nickel-chromium (NiCr) alloy. All of the individual wires have the same diameter.

A method of installing an electrically-heatable subsea flowline includes launching the flowline with at least one electric power cable attached in piggybacked relation. After landing the flowline with the piggybacked cable on the seabed, a free end portion of the, or each, cable having a length greater than the water depth is released from the flowline. This allows a free end of the, or each, cable to be recovered to the surface to be spliced to one or more power supply conductors. After lowering the, or each, cable and the, or each, connected conductor beneath the surface, the free end portion of at least one cable is reattached to the flowline on the seabed in piggybacked relation. To perform the method, a subsea flowline assembly includes subsea-releasable fastenings spaced along the cable and the flowline to attach at least an end portion of the cable releasably to the flowline.

A flowline branch structure (10) has at least one inner branch assembly with an inner flowline branch and at least one inner flowline pipe attached to and communicating with the inner flowline branch. At least one outer branch assembly (12) of the flowline branch structure has an outer branch housing disposed around the inner flowline branch and at least one outer pipe (14) disposed around the inner flowline pipe and attached to the outer branch housing. A generally annular space is defined between the inner and outer branch assemblies. At least one wiring element including an electrical heating element is disposed in the sealed space on an outer side of the inner branch assembly. The, or each, wiring element extends in one continuous length across an interface between the inner flowline pipe and the inner flowline branch. This reduces the number of connections necessary to create the flowline branch structure.

A method of sealing an annulus between inner and outer pipe sections of a pipe-in-pipe system includes positioning a sealing mass in the annulus in contact with the inner and outer pipe sections. Deforming the sealing mass occurs, for example by shearing and compression, by effecting relative longitudinal movement between the inner and outer pipe sections. Fixing the inner and outer pipe sections against reverse relative longitudinal movement to maintain deformation of the sealing mass is then performed. The inner pipe section and a displaced outer pipe section may be fixed by welding them to respective pipes of an adjoining pipe-in-pipe structure. Opposed ramp surfaces, each being similarly inclined relative to the longitudinal direction, extend into the annulus from respective ones of the pipe sections such that the sealing mass may be compressed between the ramp surfaces.