This disclosure relates to a liquid electrophotographic composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer resin, a charge adjuvant, microspheres, and a liquid carrier. Each microsphere comprises a shell of material encapsulating a gas. The microspheres are present in an amount of 5 to 90 weight % of the total weight of solids in the composition.

This disclosure relates to a liquid electrophotographic composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer resin, a charge adjuvant, microspheres, and a liquid carrier. Each microsphere comprises a shell of material encapsulating a gas. The microspheres are present in an amount of 5 to 90 weight % of the total weight of solids in the composition.

Disclosed herein are methods of electrostatically printing a cyclodextrin composition on a substrate, the method including forming an electrostatically printable composition comprising a polymer and one or more cyclodextrins, one or more cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, or a combination thereof, and electrostatically printing the composition on a substrate. Also described are electrostatically printable compositions, methods of making the compositions, printing systems employing the compositions, substrates having the composition electrostatically printed thereon, laminates thereof, and uses of the printed substrates and laminates.

Disclosed herein are methods of electrostatically printing a cyclodextrin composition on a substrate, the method including forming an electrostatically printable composition comprising a polymer and one or more cyclodextrins, one or more cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, or a combination thereof, and electrostatically printing the composition on a substrate. Also described are electrostatically printable compositions, methods of making the compositions, printing systems employing the compositions, substrates having the composition electrostatically printed thereon, laminates thereof, and uses of the printed substrates and laminates.

There is provided a method of manufacturing a toner including a toner particle containing a binder resin, the method including: process 1: preparing a mixed solution including the following components i) to iii) in an aqueous medium: i) a particular silicon compound, ii) a fine particle having a number average particle diameter of 3 nm or more and 500 nm or less, and iii) a toner base particle containing the binder resin; and process 2: adjusting a pH of the mixed solution to 7.0 or more and 12.0 or less to condense the silicon compound, wherein the fine particle has an absolute value of zeta potential of 10.0 mV or more at the pH of the mixed solution of process 1.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin containing a polyester and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid in the presence of a dispersant, wherein the insulating liquid has a boiling point of 300 C. or lower, and wherein the insulating liquid has a peak intensity ratio of a methyl group calculated by the formula (1): $\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{Peak}\mathrm{Intensity}\mathrm{Ratio}\left(\%\right)\mathrm{of}\mathrm{Methyl}\mathrm{Groups}=\frac{A}{A+B}100& \left(1\right)\end{array}$
wherein A is a peak intensity ascribed to CH.sub.3 stretching vibration when measured with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, B is a total peak intensity ascribed to CH.sub.2 stretching vibration and CH stretching vibration,
of 25% or more, or wherein the insulating liquid contains a polyisobutene.

An image forming apparatus includes an image holding member, a charging device that charges a surface of the image holding member, an electrostatic charge image forming device that forms an electrostatic charge image on the charged surface of the image holding member, a developing device that has an electrostatic charge image developer containing an electrostatic charge image developing toner and that develops the electrostatic charge image to form a toner image on the surface of the image holding member, and a transfer device that transfers the toner image onto a recording medium, wherein the transfer device includes a belt member and a transfer member, the belt member has an outer surface that contacts the image holding member, and the belt member is winding around the image holding member and the transfer member; and the toner has a binder resin containing an amorphous polyester resin.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin containing a polyester and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid in the presence of a dispersant, wherein the insulating liquid has an evaporation rate after holding at 40 C. for 30 minutes of less than 0.26% by mass; and a method for producing a liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin containing a polyester and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid in the presence of a dispersant, including: step 1: melt-kneading a resin containing a polyester and a pigment, and pulverizing a kneaded product obtained, to provide toner particles; step 2: adding a dispersant to the toner particles obtained in the step 1, and dispersing the toner particles in an insulating liquid to provide a dispersion of toner particles, and step 3: subjecting the dispersion of toner particles obtained in the step 2 to wet-milling, to provide a liquid developer, wherein the insulating liquid has an evaporation rate after holding at 40 C. for 30 minutes of less than 0.26% by mass. The liquid developer of the present invention is suitably used, for example, in development or the like of latent images formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Disclosed herein are methods of electrostatically printing a cyclodextrin composition on a substrate, the method including forming an electrostatically printable composition comprising a polymer and one or more cyclodextrins, one or more cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, or a combination thereof, and electrostatically printing the composition on a substrate. Also described are electrostatically printable compositions, methods of making the compositions, printing systems employing the compositions, substrates having the composition electrostatically printed thereon, laminates thereof, and uses of the printed substrates and laminates.

Disclosed herein are methods of electrostatically printing a cyclodextrin composition on a substrate, the method including forming an electrostatically printable composition comprising a polymer and one or more cyclodextrins, one or more cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, or a combination thereof, and electrostatically printing the composition on a substrate. Also described are electrostatically printable compositions, methods of making the compositions, printing systems employing the compositions, substrates having the composition electrostatically printed thereon, laminates thereof, and uses of the printed substrates and laminates.