Novel iron-phosphate nanoparticles have been synthesized here. These are less than 12 nanometers in dimension. They are deemed useful for remediation of heavy metals and radionuclides and can be applied to insitu remediation of contaminated soils and contaminated waters.

Nitrification inhibitors and uses of same to prevent nitrate leaching or nitrous oxide emissions as well as increase pasture or crop production. The nitrification inhibitors and formulations including same may be used for direct or indirect application to soil or pasture.

The present subject matter relates to a composition for in-situ remediation of soil and aquifer comprising of a water miscible oil; a solvent (for dissolving the vegetable oil to form a solution); and a catalyst (selected from enzymes biocatalysts, particularly lipases, alkaline compounds, heat or combinations thereof). The present subject matter provides a process for the preparation of the composition and application of the same for surface remediation. Further, the present subject matter provides an in-situ alcoholysis remediation method to reduce contaminant concentrations in aquifer and soil by enabling the generation of both soluble and slowly fermenting electron donors required for the anaerobic remediation of organohalide compounds contaminating soils and groundwater. The method of remediation includes mixing an engineered water-soluble oil or water miscible oil with a solvent and adding a catalyst to groundwater to promote the formation of fatty acid alkyl esters, carboxylic acid salts and glycerol.

The Invention discloses an ecological remediation method for controlling sulphur pollution in black and odorous sludge of rivers. Firstly, the sludge from pollution layer of the rivers will be dredged and stacked on the banksides with slope protection built along the outer edge of the sludge storage site; then innocent pretreatment will be conducted for the sludge. Specific steps comprise solarization and ploughing, and mixed ameliorant of certain proportion will be added for modification between first solarization and intermittent ploughing. Then, large emergent aquatic plants will be planted on the stacked sludge after pretreatment. The technical method provided by the Invention may control the release of acid-volatile sulfide in the contaminated sludge on one hand and reduce concentration of volatile organic sulfide in the waters on the other hand. With simple technical process and strong operable technology, the Invention meets the current requirements for controlling sulphur pollution in black and odorous sludge of rivers in China and facilitates realizing the goal of long-term control of sulphur pollution in the deposit of the waters.

Disclosed are engineered multicellular organisms. Also disclosed are systems and methods for designing, preparing, and utilizing the engineered multicellular organisms.

A device and method for preparing in-situ molded biochar with high specific surface area. Crushed and mixed biomass and modifier are fed into a hot pressing and pyrolysis device, and hot-pressing molding and pyrolysis carbonization are completed synchronously, which solves the problem of multiple steps and complicated equipment in the existing preparation process for molded biochar material. In-situ bonding molding is realized by adhesion, bridging, cross-linking and mechanical interlocking functions of low-temperature molten & softened lignin and pyrolytic tar. No additional cross-linking agent is needed in this process, so the production cost is low. Covering and suffocating actions of trace flame retardant modifier are utilized to reduce the temperature of biomass pyrolysis carbonization, inhibit excessive ablation and accelerate polycondensation reaction, thus to improve the specific surface area and yield of a product, and improve the cost performance of the product.

A method of sorbing a PFAS compound from a contaminated sample can include admixing a modified clay sorbent with the sample. The modified clay can include a clay intercalated with a blend of mono-quatemary amine compound and multifunctional-quatemary amine compound having a functionality of 3 or more.

An environmental remediation system includes a contaminate treatment mat assembly to extract contaminates in pore water and sediment. The mat assembly includes a flexible liner and pore water and sediment-penetrating chambers individually anchored to the flexible liner. The anchored chambers include lids that are positioned above the liner and containers below the liner. The system includes a plate subsystem including plate holes. The plate subsystem is configured to have the mat assembly removable attached thereunder, absorb impact forces from a delivery system, translate the impact forces into a driving force applied simultaneously to tops of the lids of all the pore water and sediment-penetrating chambers under the plate subsystem to cause penetration of the containers into underlying pore water and sediment, and simultaneously displace fluid through liner holes of the liner and the plate holes. A method for environmental remediating using the system is also provided.

An in-situ mycoremediation system and process is provided, including a device with a rod casing having a top end, a bottom end, and a sidewall with one or more perforations, the sidewall defining an internal channel that extends from an intake opening on the top end to the one or more perforations, a sleeve that extends around at least part of the rod casing and that is slidable between at least a first position that covers the one or more perforations and a second position that at least partly uncovers the one or more perforations, and a plumbing line linked to the intake opening and configured to facilitate forcible injection of one more fungal mixtures and/or air via the one or more perforations when the sleeve is in the second position.

An in-situ vapor injection thermal desorption device includes a sectional combined input head, several intermediate connectors and a bottom protector connected in series from top to bottom. The in-situ vapor injection thermal desorption device further includes several water-vapor coupling injection activation chips, selectively disposed below any of the intermediate connectors; the sectional combined input head is provided with a high-pressure-gas inlet, several pairs of heat-transfer-oil inlets and heat-transfer-oil outlets, and several pairs of hot-water inlets and hot-water outlets; the water-vapor coupling injection activation chip is provided with several gas-liquid spraying holes. The disclosure is an assembling structure; the number of the water-vapor coupling injection activation chips can be increased or reduced according to remediation depth on an actual site; it can be repeatedly used, uniformly sprayed, and enables the vapor for treating the organic soil to be generated in situ and remediating organic pollution sites in a low-carbon, energy-saving way.