A battery comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH <7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0 >−12, at least on its surface.

A battery comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH <7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0 >−12, at least on its surface.

Described are luminescent components with excellent performance and stability. The luminescent components comprise a first element including first luminescent crystals from the class of perovskite crystals, embedded a first polymer P1 and a second element comprising a second solid polymer composition, said second polymer composition optionally comprising second luminescent crystals embedded in a second polymer P2. Polymers P1 and P2 differ and are further specified in the claims. Also described are methods for manufacturing such components and devices comprising such components.

Described are luminescent components with excellent performance and stability. The luminescent components comprise a first element including first luminescent crystals from the class of perovskite crystals, embedded a first polymer P1 and a second element comprising a second solid polymer composition, said second polymer composition optionally comprising second luminescent crystals embedded in a second polymer P2. Polymers P1 and P2 differ and are further specified in the claims. Also described are methods for manufacturing such components and devices comprising such components.

A solid electrolyte material contains Li, M, and X. M is at least one selected from metallic elements, and X is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I. A plurality of atoms of X form a sublattice having a closest packed structure. An average distance between two adjacent atoms of X among the plurality of atoms of X is 1.8% or more larger than a distance between two adjacent atoms of X in a rock-salt structure composed only of Li and X.

Methods of synthesizing Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles in the form of spheres as well as properties of these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles are described. Methods of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants employing these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles and methods of preventing or reducing microbial growth on a surface by applying these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles in the form of a solution or an antimicrobial product onto the surface are also specified.

Methods of synthesizing Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles in the form of spheres as well as properties of these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles are described. Methods of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants employing these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles and methods of preventing or reducing microbial growth on a surface by applying these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles in the form of a solution or an antimicrobial product onto the surface are also specified.

Provided are bismuth sulfide particles having a high degree of blackness.

Bismuth sulfide particles having a high degree of blackness with an L* value of 22.0 or lower in the L*a*b* color system, and having a high infrared reflectance with a reflectance at a wavelength of 1200 nm of 30.0% or higher. The bismuth sulfide particles are produced by mixing a bismuth compound and a sulfur compound in an aqueous dispersion medium so that the ratio (S/Bi molar ratio) of the number of mol of sulfur atoms to the number of mol of bismuth atoms is 3.5-20 inclusive, and then heating. The heating temperature is preferably 30-145° C. inclusive.

Provided are bismuth sulfide particles having a high degree of blackness.

Bismuth sulfide particles having a high degree of blackness with an L* value of 22.0 or lower in the L*a*b* color system, and having a high infrared reflectance with a reflectance at a wavelength of 1200 nm of 30.0% or higher. The bismuth sulfide particles are produced by mixing a bismuth compound and a sulfur compound in an aqueous dispersion medium so that the ratio (S/Bi molar ratio) of the number of mol of sulfur atoms to the number of mol of bismuth atoms is 3.5-20 inclusive, and then heating. The heating temperature is preferably 30-145° C. inclusive.

A lead-based alloy containing alloying additions of bismuth, antimony, arsenic, and tin is used for the production of doped leady oxides, lead-acid battery active materials, lead-acid battery electrodes, and lead-acid batteries.