The invention relates to the oil-refining industry, in particular, to methods for purifying a fuel from sulfur-containing compounds, by separating the sulfur-containing modified molecules from the remainder of the fuel molecules on polymer membranes and by activating the fuel purified in the fully-developed cavitation mode prior to the combustion. The reduction of the sulfur content in the fuel is achieved by treating the fuel or a fuel fraction in the fully-developed cavitation mode with addition of a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and/or a strong aqueous solution of iron oxides, followed by separating the obtained emulsion into a fuel fraction and a water-paraffin emulsion, followed by separating the fuel fraction on the membranes under the temperature of from 90° C. to 180° C. under atmospheric pressure into a fuel fraction having low sulfur combustion of the purified fuels down to zero by means of activation of the fuels having the low sulfur content.

The invention relates to the oil-refining industry, in particular, to methods for purifying a fuel from sulfur-containing compounds, by separating the sulfur-containing modified molecules from the remainder of the fuel molecules on polymer membranes and by activating the fuel purified in the fully-developed cavitation mode prior to the combustion. The reduction of the sulfur content in the fuel is achieved by treating the fuel or a fuel fraction in the fully-developed cavitation mode with addition of a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and/or a strong aqueous solution of iron oxides, followed by separating the obtained emulsion into a fuel fraction and a water-paraffin emulsion, followed by separating the fuel fraction on the membranes under the temperature of from 90° C. to 180° C. under atmospheric pressure into a fuel fraction having low sulfur combustion of the purified fuels down to zero by means of activation of the fuels having the low sulfur content.

Hydrocarbon processing apparatuses and methods of refining hydrocarbons are provided herein. In an embodiment, a method of refining hydrocarbons includes providing a cracked stream that includes a sulfur-containing component and cracked hydrocarbons. The cracked stream is compressed to produce a pressurized cracked stream. The pressurized cracked stream is separated to produce a pressurized vapor stream and a liquid hydrocarbon stream. The pressurized vapor stream includes C4− hydrocarbons and the liquid hydrocarbon stream includes C3+ hydrocarbons. The liquid hydrocarbon stream is separated to produce a first liquid absorption stream that includes C5+ hydrocarbons and a C4− hydrocarbon stream. C3+ hydrocarbons are absorbed from the pressurized vapor stream through liquid-vapor phase absorption using the first liquid absorption stream. The sulfur-containing component is removed prior to absorbing C3+ hydrocarbons from the pressurized vapor stream.

The present invention utilizes mechanical vapor compression and/or thermal vapor compression integrating compression loops across multiple process stages. A sequential network of compressors is utilized to increase the pressure and condensing temperature of the vapors within each process stage, as intra-vapor flow, and branching between process stages, as inter-vapor flow. Because the vapors available are shared among and between compressor stages, the number of compressors can be reduced, improving economics. Balancing vapor mass flow through incremental compressor stages which traverse multiple process stages by splitting vapors between compressor stages enables the overall vapor-compression system to be tailored to individual process energy requirements and to accommodate dynamic fluctuations in process conditions.

The present invention utilizes mechanical vapor compression and/or thermal vapor compression integrating compression loops across multiple process stages. A sequential network of compressors is utilized to increase the pressure and condensing temperature of the vapors within each process stage, as intra-vapor flow, and branching between process stages, as inter-vapor flow. Because the vapors available are shared among and between compressor stages, the number of compressors can be reduced, improving economics. Balancing vapor mass flow through incremental compressor stages which traverse multiple process stages by splitting vapors between compressor stages enables the overall vapor-compression system to be tailored to individual process energy requirements and to accommodate dynamic fluctuations in process conditions.

The present invention provides a catalytic cracking fractionation and absorption-stabilization system, and energy saving method thereof; the present invention is to arrange a waste heat refrigerator of the main fractionating tower, a waste heat refrigerator of rich gas and a waste heat refrigerator of stabilizer in a catalytic cracking fractionation and absorption-stabilization system so as to utilize low temperature waste heat at the top of a main fractionating tower, rich gas, stable gasoline, intermediate heat exchange flow of an absorber of the system as a refrigerator driving heat source; in order to cool naphtha and circulating gasoline to a low temperature lower than 40° C., control low temperature operations of the absorber and reduce the heat load of a desorber and a stabilizer, and the heat extracted by the refrigerators is cooled by cooling water with a higher temperature so as to reduce the consumption of the cooling water. In addition, developed residual pressure generating units and waste heat generating units coordinate to convert medium and low pressure of the dry gas and low-grade waste heat of other products in the system into electric energy that can be conveyed into a grid, therefore the electricity consumption of a dry gas compressor can be supplemented, and the operation cost of the system is reduced to the minimum.

The invention relates to the oil-refining industry, in particular, to methods for purifying a fuel from sulfur-containing compounds, by separating the sulfur-containing modified molecules from the remainder of the fuel molecules on polymer membranes and by activating the fuel purified in the fully-developed cavitation mode prior to the combustion. The reduction of the sulfur content in the fuel is achieved by treating the fuel or a fuel fraction in the fully-developed cavitation mode with addition of a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and/or a strong aqueous solution of iron oxides, followed by separating the obtained emulsion into a fuel fraction and a water-paraffin emulsion, followed by separating the fuel fraction on the membranes under the temperature of from 90° C. to 180° C. under atmospheric pressure into a fuel fraction having low sulfur combustion of the purified fuels down to zero by means of activation of the fuels having the low sulfur content.

The invention relates to the oil-refining industry, in particular, to methods for purifying a fuel from sulfur-containing compounds, by separating the sulfur-containing modified molecules from the remainder of the fuel molecules on polymer membranes and by activating the fuel purified in the fully-developed cavitation mode prior to the combustion. The reduction of the sulfur content in the fuel is achieved by treating the fuel or a fuel fraction in the fully-developed cavitation mode with addition of a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and/or a strong aqueous solution of iron oxides, followed by separating the obtained emulsion into a fuel fraction and a water-paraffin emulsion, followed by separating the fuel fraction on the membranes under the temperature of from 90° C. to 180° C. under atmospheric pressure into a fuel fraction having low sulfur combustion of the purified fuels down to zero by means of activation of the fuels having the low sulfur content.

This disclosure provides systems and methods that utilize integrated mechanical vapor or thermal vapor compression to upgrade process vapors and condense them to recover the heat of condensation across multiple processes, wherein the total process energy is reduced. Existing processes that are unable to recover the heat of condensation in vapors are integrated with mechanical or thermal compressors that raise vapor pressures and temperatures sufficient to permit reuse. Integrating multiple processes permits vapor upgrading that can selectively optimize energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, process economics, or a prioritized blend of such goals. Mechanical or thermal vapor compression also alters the type of energy required in industrial processes, favoring electro-mechanical energy which can be supplied from low-carbon, renewable sources rather than combustion of carbonaceous fuels.

The present invention utilizes mechanical vapor compression and/or thermal vapor compression integrating compression loops across multiple process stages. A sequential network of compressors is utilized to increase the pressure and condensing temperature of the vapors within each process stage, as intra-vapor flow, and branching between process stages, as inter-vapor flow. Because the vapors available are shared among and between compressor stages, the number of compressors can be reduced, improving economics. Balancing vapor mass flow through incremental compressor stages which traverse multiple process stages by splitting vapors between compressor stages enables the overall vapor-compression system to be tailored to individual process energy requirements and to accommodate dynamic fluctuations in process conditions.