A method for creating rapidly changing asymmetric electron surface densities that change fast enough to produce time dilation and retardation between the density of an accelerated mass and the rapidly changing electron densities on the surface of the accelerated mass; for acceleration without mass ejection under a new quantum gravity model. The method includes, an accelerated mass, a pulse electric discharge system, an electron reversal means, and a controller.

A system and method for generating a force from a voltage difference applied across at least one electrically conductive surface. The applied voltage difference creates an electric field resulting in an electrostatic pressure force acting on at least one surface of an object. Asymmetries in the resulting electrostatic pressure force vectors result in a net resulting electrostatic pressure force acting on the object. The magnitude of the net resulting electrostatic pressure force is a function of the geometry of the electrically conductive surfaces, the applied voltage, and the dielectric constant of any material present in the gap between electrodes. The invention may be produced on a nanoscale using nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes. The invention may be utilized to provide a motivating force to an object. A non-limiting use case example is the use of electrostatic pressure force apparatus as a thruster to propel a spacecraft through a vacuum.

A system and method for generating a force from a voltage difference applied across at least one electrically conductive surface. The applied voltage difference creates an electric field resulting in an electrostatic pressure force acting on at least one surface of an object. Asymmetries in the resulting electrostatic pressure force vectors result in a net resulting electrostatic pressure force acting on the object. The magnitude of the net resulting electrostatic pressure force is a function of the geometry of the electrically conductive surfaces, the applied voltage, and the dielectric constant of any material present in the gap between electrodes. The invention may be produced on a nanoscale using nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes. The invention may be utilized to provide a motivating force to an object. A non-limiting use case example is the use of electrostatic pressure force apparatus as a thruster to propel a spacecraft through a vacuum.

An electromagnetic propulsion system for the movement of spacecraft by means of ejection of the perturbed dark matter. In the present invention, to perturb and accelerate the dark matter, the electromagnetic energy generated by microwave generators is supplied to a number of position-adjustable electromagnetic vibrators that form a phased antenna array inside the waveguide. Since the dark matter permeates the Universe and its reserves are unlimited, it can be used as a working medium in the constant acceleration propulsion system for as long as the electric power supply lasts. Since the electromagnetic propulsion system has infinite reserves of the working medium, the specific impulse is also infinite. The speed of the dark matter jet approaches the speed of light.

An electromagnetic propulsion system for the movement of spacecraft by means of ejection of the perturbed dark matter. In the present invention, to perturb and accelerate the dark matter, the electromagnetic energy generated by microwave generators is supplied to a number of position-adjustable electromagnetic vibrators that form a phased antenna array inside the waveguide. Since the dark matter permeates the Universe and its reserves are unlimited, it can be used as a working medium in the constant acceleration propulsion system for as long as the electric power supply lasts. Since the electromagnetic propulsion system has infinite reserves of the working medium, the specific impulse is also infinite. The speed of the dark matter jet approaches the speed of light.

Levitation and Propulsion Unit-2 (LPU-2) is a thrust generating device able to generate resultant force to create motion without mass flow and/or momentum exchange. The technology primarily uses electromagnetic energy, permanent magnetic repulsive energy and kinetic energy, to generate internal resultant thrust or motion. This thrust generating device comprises of one or two rapid action enable and high driving force electromagnet moving magnet linear actuators with minimum moving parts. The technology mainly leverages on compression and expansion of compressed repulsive magnetic flux. Through regulation and systematic control of current to each electromagnet, the device is able to generate resultant force or motion without external interaction.

Omnivorous solar thermal thrusters and adjustable cooling structures are disclosed. In one aspect, a solar thermal rocket engine includes a solar thermal thruster configured to receive solar energy and one or more propellants, and heat the one or more propellants using the solar energy to generate thrust. The solar thermal thruster is further configured to use a plurality of different propellant types, either singly or in combination simultaneously. The solar thermal thruster is further configured to use the one or more propellants in both liquid and gaseous states. Related structures can include valves and variable-geometry cooling channels in thermal contact with a thruster wall.

Omnivorous solar thermal thrusters and adjustable cooling structures are disclosed. In one aspect, a solar thermal rocket engine includes a solar thermal thruster configured to receive solar energy and one or more propellants, and heat the one or more propellants using the solar energy to generate thrust. The solar thermal thruster is further configured to use a plurality of different propellant types, either singly or in combination simultaneously. The solar thermal thruster is further configured to use the one or more propellants in both liquid and gaseous states. Related structures can include valves and variable-geometry cooling channels in thermal contact with a thruster wall.

A system and method for generating a force from a voltage difference applied across a plurality of electrically conductive surfaces. The applied voltage difference creates an electric field resulting in an electrostatic pressure force, a net divergence in E-field force, or both, acting on an object comprising the apparatus of, or using the method of, the invention. The net resulting force on an object may be characterized by a force vector determined by the selection of one or more of 1) the shape, size and geometric arrangement of the conductive surfaces; 2) the value of the applied voltages; and 3) the permittivities of any dielectric materials disposed in the electric field. Asymmetries in the resulting electrostatic pressure force vectors, and the resulting divergence in E-field force, result in a net resulting force acting on the object. The object may be a thruster or other force-applying object or system.

A magnetic field propulsion unit includes a magnetic field generating device with multiple conductive lines conduct a current to generate a magnetic field; a contact breaker arrangement individually transitions each of the multiple conductive lines from a conductive state to a non-conductive state; an energy supply unit provides the magnetic field generating device with electrical energy; and a control unit controls the energy supply unit so that energy supply to each individual conductive line is controlled and control the contact breaker arrangement. The multiple conductive lines are arranged along a longitudinal axis. The control unit supplies a first conductive line with electrical energy so that a first magnetic field surrounding the first conductive line is generated, transitions the first conductive line to a non-conductive state, and supplies a second conductive line with electrical energy so that a second magnetic field is generated.