Apparatuses, systems and methods are provided for generating a base-line probable roof loss confidence score. More particularly, apparatuses, systems and methods are provided for generating a base-line probable roof loss confidence score based on hail data. The apparatuses, systems and methods may generate a probable roof loss confidence score. The apparatuses, systems and methods may generate verified probable roof loss confidence score data. The apparatuses, systems and methods may generate property insurance underwriting data based on probable roof loss confidence score data. The apparatuses, systems and methods may generate property insurance claims data based on probable roof loss confidence score data. The apparatuses, systems and methods may generate property insurance loss mitigation data based on probable roof loss confidence score data.

Described herein are methods and systems for real-time swiftwater risk category distributed mapping. A mobile computing device generates a request for swiftwater risk information, the request including a location. A server computing device receives the request for swiftwater risk information from the mobile computing device. The server computing device models hydrologic conditions for a plurality of segments of one or more bodies of water at or near the location. The server computing device classifies each segment of the bodies of water according to a level of potential risk of hazards associated with the hydrologic conditions. The server computing device generates a visual representation of the bodies of water that includes a classification indicator for one or more of the plurality of segments for display on the mobile computing device, and transmits the visual representation to the mobile computing device.

A hierarchical early-warning system for landslide probability issues a first level warning based on measured rainfall amounts exceeding a determined threshold, a second level warning, after the first level warning, based additionally on measured soil moisture content measured at different levels, and Factor of safety derived from forecasted pore pressure (FPP) each exceeding a determined threshold, a third level warning, after the first and the second level warnings, based additionally on ground movement measurements compared to a determined threshold, and a fourth level warning after the first, second and third level warnings, based additionally on data from movement-based sensors including strain gauge data.

A method for detecting an ice on a road surface includes: providing a spectral imaging camera; recording a first reflectance (R1) of the surface at 0.545 to 0.565 μm using the spectral imaging camera; recording a second reflectance (R2) of the surface at 0.620 to 0.670 μm using the spectral imaging camera; recording a third reflectance (R3) of the surface at 0.841 to 0.876 μm using the spectral imaging camera; calculating an ice index based on the first reflectance, the second reflectance, and the third reflectance; providing a thermometer; recording a surface temperature of the surface using the thermometer; and detecting a presence of the ice on the surface based on the ice index and the surface temperature. A system for detecting an ice on a surface is also disclosed.

Apparatuses, systems and methods are provided for generating enterprise data relating to roof damage associated with weather and hail data. The apparatuses, systems and methods may determine aspects of a proposed service related to roof damage (e.g., damage extent, repair estimates, or repair timing) based upon the enterprise data and the base-line probable roof loss confidence scores. The apparatuses, systems and methods may generate probable roof loss confidence score data based upon the base-line probable roof loss confidence scores, weather event data and hail event data. The apparatuses, systems and methods may determine aspects of a proposed service related to roof damage (e.g., damage extent, repair estimates, or repair timing) based upon the enterprise data and the probable roof loss confidence score.

A method, apparatus, and computer program product provide for crowdsourcing data from a plurality of aircraft systems to determine cloud ceiling information. In the context of a method, the method receives a set of sensor data from a first aircraft system captured during a first event. The method determines, based on the set of sensor data, a cloud ceiling value for a location and a time at which the first set of sensor data was captured. The method also stores the cloud ceiling value in association with a landing region and causes transmission of the cloud ceiling value to one or more additional aircraft systems.

An adaptive method and device for predicting a weather-related characteristic of a surface of a segment of a road network. The method includes obtaining a location and of measuring a weather-related characteristic of the surface of the roadway of a road segment on which a measuring vehicle is traveling; predicting a weather-related surface characteristic of the road segment using a weather-observation history and a first prediction model associated with the road segment; associating a second prediction model with the road segment when a difference between the measured characteristic and the predicted characteristic is greater than a threshold; and transmitting to a vehicle a prediction made by applying the associated model to the weather-observation history.

An atmospheric turbulence detection method includes: providing a temperature difference measuring device including a thermocouple element and two sensing probes, wherein the thermocouple element has two opposite end portions, the two sensing probes are respectively disposed at the two end portions, and there is an ambient distance between the two end portions; placing the temperature difference measuring device in an atmospheric environment to generate an electromotive force by a temperature difference between the two end portions; analyzing the electromotive force to convert the electromotive force into an ambient temperature difference of an environment where the two end portions of the thermocouple element are located, an atmospheric refractive index structure constant is calculated according to the ambient temperature difference and the ambient distance, and a value of the atmospheric refractive index structure constant corresponds to an ambient disturbance of an atmospheric turbulence. An atmospheric turbulence detection device is also provided.

Improved mechanisms for collecting information from a diverse suite of sensors and systems, calculating the current precipitation, atmospheric water vapor, atmospheric liquid water content, or precipitable water and other atmospheric-based phenomena, for example presence and intensity of fog, based upon these sensor readings, predicting future precipitation and atmospheric-based phenomena, and estimating effects of the atmospheric-based phenomena on visibility, for example by calculating runway visible range (RVR) estimates and forecasts based on the atmospheric-based phenomena.

A computing system includes at least one processor, and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor. The processor is configured to receive at least two successive radar images of precipitation data, generate a motion vector field using the at least two successive radar images, forecast linear prediction imagery of future precipitation using the motion vector field, and generate corrected output imagery corresponding to the forecasted linear prediction imagery of the future precipitation corrected by a first neural network. In addition, the processor is further configured to receive, by a second neural network, the linear prediction imagery, and one of observed imagery and the corrected output imagery, and distinguish, by the second neural network, between the corrected output imagery and the observed imagery to produce conditioned output imagery. The processor is also configured to display the conditioned output imagery on a display.