The present disclosure relates to the biosynthesis of UDP-Rhamnose and recombinant polypeptides having enzymatic activity useful in the relevant biosynthetic pathways for producing UDP-Rhamnose. The present invention also provides a method for preparing a steviol glycoside composition comprising at least one rhamnose-containing steviol glycoside.

Disclosed are genetically engineered microbial cells for the production of oligosaccharides comprising a galactose-β1,4-glucose moiety at their reducing end, wherein said microbial cells are able to produce said oligosaccharides in the absence of exogenously added lactose, and a method of producing said oligosaccharides using said microbial cells.

Disclosed are genetically engineered microbial cells for the production of oligosaccharides comprising a galactose-β1,4-glucose moiety at their reducing end, wherein said microbial cells are able to produce said oligosaccharides in the absence of exogenously added lactose, and a method of producing said oligosaccharides using said microbial cells.

The present invention relates to a composition for epimerization of a non-phosphorylated hexose, comprising sugar epimerases derived from thermophiles, and a method for preparing a non-phosphorylated hexose epimer using the composition. The sugar epimerases derived from thermophiles according to the present invention can effectively catalyze an epimerization reaction of a non-phosphorylated hexose and can easily produce an epimer form of the non-phosphorylated hexose, in particular a rare sugar hexose, and thus can be usefully utilized in the pharmaceutical and food industry.

Disclosed herein are methods of treating HIBM in a subject comprising identifying subject in need thereof; and administering to the subject a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, amide, glycol, peptidyl, or prodrug thereof, wherein the compound is a compound that is biosynthesized in a wild type individual along a biochemical pathway between glucose and sialic acid, inclusive. Also disclosed herein are vectors comprising a nucleic acid sequence that encodes a polypeptide having at least 80% sequence identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, recombinant cells comprising these vectors, and recombinant animals comprising the cells. In addition, methods of identifying a compound having therapeutic effect for HIBM are disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a fructose-C4-epimerase and a method of preparing tagatose using the same.

The present invention relates to a composition for epimerization of a non-phosphorylated hexose, comprising sugar epimerases derived from thermophiles, and a method for preparing a non-phosphorylated hexose epimer using the composition. The sugar epimerases derived from thermophiles according to the present invention can effectively catalyze an epimerization reaction of a non-phosphorylated hexose and can easily produce an epimer form of the non-phosphorylated hexose, in particular a rare sugar hexose, and thus can be usefully utilized in the pharmaceutical and food industry.

The present application relates to the field of glyco-engineering and, more specifically, to eukaryotic cells wherein both an endoglucosaminidase is present and made deficient in UDP-galactose 4-epimerase (GalE). Typically, a glycoprotein is also present in the cells. These cells can be used to deglycosylate or partly deglycosylate the (exogenous) glycoprotein, in particular, without the need for adding an extra enzyme. Methods are also provided for the application of these cells in protein production.

The invention relates to a method for obtaining a mutant Yarrowia yeast strain capable of growing on D-galactose as sole carbon source, comprising over expressing in said strain a galactokinase, a galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase, an UDP-glucose-4 epimerase and a galactose mutarotase. The invention also relates to a mutant Yarrowia strain obtained by said method.

The present invention relates to the field of bio-production of chondroitin. There is a need in the art for chondroitin production methods allowing its highly efficient synthesis and secretion. The solution proposed in the present invention is the use of a recombinant cell, in particular a recombinant yeast, comprising many modifications as described in the present text. The present invention further proposes methods allowing the bio-production of chondroitin using the recombinant cell, in particular a recombinant yeast, of the invention.