A coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating layer formed onto the surface of the substrate. The coating layer contains an outermost layer. The outermost layer contains NbN. The NbN contains cubic NbN and hexagonal NbN. When a peak intensity at a (200) plane of cubic NbN is made I.sub.c, a peak intensity at a (101) plane of the hexagonal NbN is made I.sub.h1, and a sum of peak intensities at a (103) plane and a (110) plane of the hexagonal NbN is made I.sub.h2 in X-ray diffraction analysis, a ratio [I.sub.h1/(I.sub.h1+I.sub.c)] of I.sub.h1 based on a sum of I.sub.c and I.sub.h1 is 0.5 or more and less than 1.0, and a ratio [I.sub.h1/(I.sub.h1+I.sub.h2)] of I.sub.h1 based on a sum of I.sub.h1 and I.sub.h2 is 0.5 or more and 1.0 or less.

In one aspect, coatings are described herein employing composite architectures providing high aluminum content and high hardness for various cutting applications. For example, a coated cutting tool comprises a substrate and a coating comprising a refractory layer deposited by physical vapor deposition adhered to the substrate, the refractory layer comprising a plurality of sublayer groups, a sublayer group comprising a titanium aluminum nitride sublayer and an adjacent composite sublayer comprising alternating nanolayers of titanium silicon nitride and titanium aluminum nitride.

A method of forming a high-conductivity electrical interconnect on a substrate may include forming a graphene film with a plurality of graphene members, depositing a metal over the graphene film, and providing a metallic overlay that connects the plurality of graphene members together through the depositing operation to form a covered graphene film.

Disclosed are devices, materials, systems, and methods, including a device that includes one or more structural components, at least one of the one or more structural components comprising substantially HfO.sub.2—TiO.sub.2 material. Also disclosed is a hemispherical resonator that includes a hemisphere including one or more structural components with at least one of the one or more structural components comprising substantially HfO.sub.2—TiO.sub.2 material, a forcer electrode configured to apply an electrical force on the hemisphere to cause the hemisphere to oscillate, and one or more sensor electrodes disposed in proximity to the hemisphere and configured to sense an orientation of a vibration pattern of the hemispherical resonator gyroscope.

A cutting tool includes a base body and a coating applied thereto. For providing a cutting tool, having both a hard coating that also exhibits fracture toughness, the coating includes at least one oxide layer deposited in the PVD process, consisting of at least 10 alternating single coats of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and (Al.sub.x, Me.sub.1-x).sub.2O.sub.3, where 0<x<1, wherein Me is selected from one or more of the group of Si, Ti, V, Zr, Mg, Fe, B, Gd, La and Cr.

A coated cutting tool includes a substrate of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, steel or cubic boron nitride and a multi-layered wear resistant coating. The multi-layered wear resistant coating has a total thickness from 5 to 25 μm and includes refractory coating layers deposited by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or moderate temperature chemical vapour deposition (MT-CVD). The multi-layered wear resistant coating has at least one pair of layers (a) and (b), with layer (b) being deposited immediately on top of layer (a). Layer (a) is a layer of aluminium nitride having hexagonal crystal structure (h-AlN) and a thickness from 10 nm to 750 nm. Layer (b) is a layer of titanium aluminium nitride or titanium aluminium carbonitride represented by the general formula Ti.sub.1-xAl.sub.xC.sub.yN.sub.z with 0.4≤x≤0.95, 0≤y≤0.10 and 0.85≤z≤1.15, having a thickness from 0.5 μm to 15 μm, and at least 90% of the Ti.sub.1-xAl.sub.xC.sub.yN.sub.z of layer (b) has a face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure.

The invention relates to a method for producing an anti-corrosion coating for hardenable sheet steels, wherein at least two metal layers are deposited one after another onto the steel substrate; the one metal layer is a zinc layer or zinc-based layer and the other layer is a layer composed of a metal that forms baser intermetallic phases with Zn or Fe and has a higher oxidation potential than Zn, namely Ni, Cu, Co, Mn, or Mo, or a layer based on these metals; and an anti-corrosion coating for hardenable sheet steels.

The hard coating layer includes at least a complex nitride or carbonitride layer (2) expressed by a composition formula: (Ti.sub.1-x-yAl.sub.xMe.sub.y)(C.sub.zN.sub.1-z), Me being an element selected from Si, Zr, B, V, and Cr. The average content ratio X, the average content ratio Y, and the average content ratio Z satisfy 0.60≦x.sub.avg, 0.005≦y.sub.avg≦0.10, 0≦z.sub.avg≦0.005, and 0.605≦x.sub.avg+y.sub.avg≦0.95. There are crystal grains having a cubic structure in the crystal grains constituting the complex nitride or carbonitride layer (2). A predetermined periodic content ratio change of Ti, Al and Me exists in the crystal grains having the cubic structure.

A coated cylinder liner 20 comprises a wear resistant layer 22, such as a DLC coating, and a metallic adhesive layer 24, such as chromium or titanium, deposited on an inner surface 26 thereof. The layers 22, 24 each have a thickness t.sub.w, t.sub.a varying by not more than 5% along at least 70% of the length of the inner surface 26. The metallic adhesive layer 24 is deposited by sputtering a consumable metallic electrode 28 onto the inner surface 26. The sputtering can be magnetron sputtering. The consumable metallic electrode 28 can include a hollow opening 40 with orifices 50 for providing a carrier gas into the deposition chamber 52. In addition, the inner surface 26 of the cylinder liner 20 can provide the deposition chamber 52 by sealing a first opening 36 and second opening 38 of the cylinder liner 20.

A cutting tool comprises a substrate and a coating layer provided on the substrate, the coating layer including a multilayer structure layer composed of a first unit layer and a second unit layer, and a lone layer, the lone layer including cubic Ti.sub.zAl.sub.1-zN crystal grains, an atomic ratio z of Ti in the Ti.sub.zAl.sub.1-zN being 0.5 or more and 0.65 or less, the lone layer having a thickness with an average value of 2.5 nm or more and 10 nm or less, the multilayer structure layer having a thickness with an average value of 10 nm or more and 95 nm or less, one multilayer structure layer and one lone layer forming a repetitive unit having a thickness with an average value of 30 nm to 70 nm, a maximum value of 40 nm to 100 nm, and a minimum value of 20 nm to 40 nm.