A vent assembly configured to maintain predetermined positive and negative pressure differentials between gas within a compartment and the environment, such as a compartment defining an interior of an endoscope is provided. The vent assembly includes a first housing having an upper vent and a lower vent coupled to the compartment. A piston is movable from a closed position to a first position, and from the closed position to a second position. In the closed position the piston blocks the upper and lower vents. A positive pressure differential moves the piston so as to open the vent to allow gas to escape from the compartment. A negative pressure differential draws the piston from the closed position to a second position to allow gas to enter the compartment.

A dental pod that includes a receiver in a form of a cavity for receiving a distal end of a dental handheld device and one or more nozzles on a side of the receiver for cleaning and disinfecting the distal end of the dental handheld device. It also includes a cartridge compartment for receiving one or more cartridges support cleaning, setup, maintenance and other operations of and on the dental handheld device.

An endoscopic system may include an endoscope including a handle and an elongate shaft extending distally from the handle, wherein the handle includes an inflow port in fluid communication with the elongate shaft, the inflow port being configured to fluidly connect to a fluid inflow line, an electronically adjustable orifice associated with the inflow port, and control circuitry for receiving a signal of a current size of the electronically adjustable orifice and/or for sending a signal to change a size of the electronically adjustable orifice. The system may include a first pressure sensor disposed upstream of the electronically adjustable orifice and a second pressure sensor disposed downstream of the electronically adjustable orifice.

An endoscope having an insertion tube with a distal optical module and a releasable handle. In a semi-robotic embodiment, the handle comprises haptic controllers and a computer configured for steering and/or adjusting physical properties of the insertion tube in response to one or more command inputs from the haptic controllers. The computer may also convert image data received from the optical module into two-dimensional images displayable on a monitor. The endoscope may have inertial measurement units (IMUs) for providing data to the computer for creating a digital three-dimensional image representation of an anatomy model and/or for facilitating handling properties of the endoscope.

A surgical controlling system for controlling the 3D spatial position of at least one articulating surgical tool includes a controller configured to provide instructions to control movement of the surgical tool. The controller comprises a processor to determine a location of the surgical tool using at least one location estimating feature and to determine movement of the surgical tool using a database in communication with at least one movement detection feature. The location estimating feature is configured to real-time locate the 3D spatial position of the surgical tool at any given time t, and the movement detection feature is configured to detect movement of the surgical tool.

Described embodiments include a system for inspecting a tubular device that includes an outer surface and a spatially-periodic supporting structure beneath the outer surface. The system includes an imaging device, configured to acquire an image of a reflection of light from the outer surface, and a processor, configured to ascertain a spatial frequency of the supporting structure by processing the image. Other embodiments are also described.

An image processing apparatus includes a processor including hardware. The processor is configured to: calculate a motion evaluation value on a motion of a subject in a determination target frame; acquire a difference evaluation value of the determination target frame; determine whether to perform defective pixel detection on an image of the determination target frame by using the motion evaluation value and the difference evaluation value; and when it is determined that the defective pixel detection is to be performed, detect a defective pixel by determining whether a pixel of interest that is a determination target is a defective pixel with respect to the image of the determination target frame, based on a pixel value of the pixel of interest and pixel values of neighboring pixels that are located in a vicinity of the pixel of interest.

A lumen inspection device includes an elongate member and a sealing member at a distal end of the elongate member. The elongate member is inserted into a lumen of a medical instrument. The lumen inspection device is translated along the lumen. The sealing member resiliently bears against a sidewall of the lumen as the lumen inspection device is translated along the lumen of the medical instrument. A pressure source is activated to pressurize a region of the lumen adjacent to the sealing member. A fluid property of the lumen is monitored to detect whether the sealing member deforms in response to an obstruction in the lumen.

A medical lighting device according to the present invention includes a light source unit that emits light, an optical fiber that guides and emits the light having emitted from the light source unit and having entered inside the optical fiber, first and second detection units that are provided in the vicinity of an emission end including an emission end for the light of the optical fiber and detect the light in the optical fiber, and a control unit that determines, based on detection values of the light detected by the first and second detection units, normality/abnormality in the detection values of the respective detection units and outputs determined results.

The present teaching relates to method, system, medium, and implementations for estimating 3D coordinate of a 3D virtual model. Two pairs of feature points are obtained. Each of the pairs includes a respective 2D feature point on an organ observed in a 2D image, acquired during a medical procedure, and a respective corresponding 3D feature point from a 3D virtual model, constructed for the organ prior to the procedure based on a plurality of images of the organ. The first and the second 3D feature points have different depths. A 3D coordinate of a 3D feature point is determined based on the pairs of feature points so that a projection of the 3D virtual model from the 3D coordinate substantially matches the organ observed in the 2D image.