A polymer thin film includes polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and is characterized by a Young's modulus along an in-plane dimension of at least 4 GPa, an electromechanical coupling factor (k.sub.31) of at least 0.1 at room temperature. A method of manufacturing such a polymer thin film may include forming a polymer composition into a polymer thin film, applying a tensile stress to the polymer thin film along at least one in-plane direction and in an amount effective to induce a stretch ratio of at least approximately 5 in the polymer thin film, and applying an electric field across a thickness dimension of the polymer thin film. Annealing and poling steps may separately or simultaneously accompany and/or follow the act of stretching of the polymer thin film.

A fluororubber composition that is a kneaded mixture of a carbon nanotube masterbatch comprising 4 to 20 parts by weight of multilayer carbon nanotubes, which are fibrous carbon nanostructures that do not contain monolayer carbon nanotubes, based on 100 parts by weight of a fluororubber polymer, and a fluororubber raw material comprising at least a fluororubber polymer and a reinforcing filler, in which the multilayer carbon nanotubes are compounded in an amount of 0.5 to 6 wt. % in the kneaded mixture. The kneading is performed using a roll or a kneader when the fluororubber composition is produced. The fluororubber composition can provide a fluororubber crosslinked molded article that exhibits abrasion resistance and blister resistance.

Described is an oxygen permeable layer for detection of molecular oxygen, wherein the layer has a carrier material in which at least one particle is comprised, wherein the carrier material is polyvinylidene fluoride or a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride, and the particle comprises a polymer or a copolymer, wherein the polymer or copolymer of the particle has a chemically covalently bonded indicator compound for detection of molecular oxygen. In addition, a multilayer system for detection of molecular oxygen is described. Also described are a method for producing the layer, and the use of the layer or of the multilayer system for detection of molecular oxygen.

A polymer composite exhibiting piezoelectric properties can be formed for flexible and/or thin film applications, in which the polymer composite includes a polymer matrix and a piezoelectric ceramic filler embedded in the polymer matrix. The polymer matrix may include at least two polymers: a first polymer and a second polymer. The first polymer may be a fluorinated polymer, and the second polymer may be compatible with the first polymer and have a dielectric constant of less than approximately 20. The piezoelectric ceramic filler may be a lead-free ceramic filler, such as barium titanate, and be approximately 40-70% by volume of the polymer composite. The remaining 30-60% by volume may be the polymer matrix, which may itself be approximately 5-20% by weight second polymer and 80-95% fluorinated polymer.

To provide a vinylidene-fluoride resin film having low cloudiness and good visibility of a pattern and the like of a decorative film of a lower layer although having a matte tone with low glossiness. The vinylidene-fluoride resin film comprises crosslinked acrylic acid ester resin particles, in which the crosslinked acrylic acid ester resin particles have an average particle diameter of 5% or more and 40% or less to the thickness of the vinylidene-fluoride resin film and the arithmetic average surface roughness (Ra) of the vinylidene-fluoride resin film is 0.4 μm or more and less than 2 μm.

A porous film includes a porous base and a porous layer containing particles A disposed at least on one side thereof, wherein the particles A contain a mixture including a polymer formed from a fluorine-containing (meth)acrylate monomer and a polymer formed from a (meth)acrylate monomer having a hydroxyl group or a copolymer including a fluorine-containing (meth)acrylate monomer and a (meth)acrylate monomer having a hydroxyl group, with the (meth)acrylate monomer having a hydroxyl group accounting for more than 2 mass% and 30 mass% or less of all components of the particles A, which account for 100 mass%.

The present invention relates to a porous membrane including a polymer including a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin as a main component, and a branched polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin as the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin, in which the polymer has a value of a of 0.32 to 0.41 and a value of b of 0.18 to 0.42, each of which is determined by approximation according to the formula 1 below from a radius of gyration <S.sup.2>.sup.1/2 and an absolute molecular weight M.sub.w of the polymer which are measured by GPC-MALS (gel permeation chromatograph equipped with a multi-angle light scattering detector). <S.sup.2>.sup.1/2=bM.sub.w.sup.a (Formula 1)

A separator for a rechargeable battery includes a porous substrate and an adhesive layer on at least one surface thereof. The adhesive layer includes a first binder, a second binder, and a filler. The first binder includes a structural unit derived from vinylidene fluoride and a structural unit derived from hexafluoropropylene. The structural unit derived from hexafluoropropylene is included in an amount of about 10 wt % or less based on a total weight of the first binder. A weight average molecular weight of the first binder ranges from about 800,000 to about 1,500,000. The second binder includes a structural unit derived from vinylidene fluoride and a structural unit derived from hexafluoropropylene. The structural unit derived from hexafluoropropylene is included in an amount of 10 wt % or less based on a total weight of the second binder. A weight average molecular weight of the second binder is 600,000 or less.

A method for manufacturing a polyolefin separator, including forming a sheet including a polyolefin resin and a plasticizer; stretching the sheet E.sub.1 times in a longitudinal direction at a temperature of T.sub.1, followed by stretching the sheet E.sub.2 times in a transverse direction at a temperature of T.sub.2, wherein T.sub.1<115° C., T.sub.2<115° C., and T.sub.2≧T.sub.1, and E.sub.1×E.sub.2=55 to 80, E.sub.1≧7, and E.sub.2≧7; and extracting the plasticizer from the stretched sheet.

A polyvinylidene fluoride film composition and a polyvinylidene fluoride isolation film are provided. The polyvinylidene fluoride film composition includes a polyvinylidene fluoride, a polyetherimide, and a polyether-type nonionic surfactant. The weight ratio of the polyvinylidene fluoride to the polyetherimide is 1:1 to 19:1, and the content of the polyether-type nonionic surfactant is 0.1% to 10% by weight based on a total of 100% by weight of the polyvinylidene fluoride film composition.