A polishing liquid used for chemical mechanical polishing includes colloidal silica, in which a zeta potential of the colloidal silica measured in a state where the colloidal silica is present in the polishing liquid is 20 mV or less, an electrical conductivity is 200 S/cm or less, a pH is 2 to 6, and a transmittance is 70% to 99%.

A polishing liquid used for chemical mechanical polishing includes colloidal silica, in which a zeta potential of the colloidal silica measured in a state where the colloidal silica is present in the polishing liquid is 20 mV or less, an electrical conductivity is 200 S/cm or less, a pH is 2 to 6, and a transmittance is 70% to 99%.

The present application is directed to a method for preparing an amino-functional polyester, said method comprising: providing a mixture comprising at least one lactone monomer, a catalyst and a polyamine having at least one primary and at least one secondary amine group; and, subjecting said mixture to ring-opening polymerization conditions.

The present application is directed to a method for preparing an amino-functional polyester, said method comprising: providing a mixture comprising at least one lactone monomer, a catalyst and a polyamine having at least one primary and at least one secondary amine group; and, subjecting said mixture to ring-opening polymerization conditions.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cyanate ester-based curable resin composition having a high curing rate, very high heat resistance and very high long-term heat resistance, and a molded article and a prepreg each using the same. The present invention relates to a thermosetting resin composition including (A) a cyanate ester compound and/or (B) an unsaturated imide compound, and (C) a cyclic carbodiimide compound. In addition, the present invention relates to a molded article including a cured product of the thermosetting resin composition, and a prepreg including a reinforcing fiber substrate impregnated with the thermosetting resin composition.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cyanate ester-based curable resin composition having a high curing rate, very high heat resistance and very high long-term heat resistance, and a molded article and a prepreg each using the same. The present invention relates to a thermosetting resin composition including (A) a cyanate ester compound and/or (B) an unsaturated imide compound, and (C) a cyclic carbodiimide compound. In addition, the present invention relates to a molded article including a cured product of the thermosetting resin composition, and a prepreg including a reinforcing fiber substrate impregnated with the thermosetting resin composition.

A hydrolysis resistant polyamide composition comprising from 50 wt % to 80 wt % polyamide polymer having a theoretical amine end group content of at least 55 eq/gram; and from 25 wt % to 60 wt % glass fibers. The weight ratio of polyamide polymer to glass fibers ranges from 0.5:1 to 4.0:1. The polyamide composition comprises less than 0.06 wt % copper; and/or from 1 ppb to 0.24 wt % non-copper metal halide compound. The polyamide composition, when hydrolysis aged for 500 hours at 130 C., demonstrates an impact resilience greater than 40 kJ/m.sup.2, as measured at 23 C.

A hydrolysis resistant polyamide composition comprising from 50 wt % to 80 wt % polyamide polymer having a theoretical amine end group content of at least 55 eq/gram; and from 25 wt % to 60 wt % glass fibers. The weight ratio of polyamide polymer to glass fibers ranges from 0.5:1 to 4.0:1. The polyamide composition comprises less than 0.06 wt % copper; and/or from 1 ppb to 0.24 wt % non-copper metal halide compound. The polyamide composition, when hydrolysis aged for 500 hours at 130 C., demonstrates an impact resilience greater than 40 kJ/m.sup.2, as measured at 23 C.

In one or more embodiments, the present invention provides an way to modify the isoprene unit using an alder-ene reaction to form thermoset compounds comprising the resultant electron-deficient, readily crosslinkable polyisobutylene-based rubber that avoids the use of corrosive bromine or chlorine to make the activated butyl rubber, is easier to crosslink than the halobutyls, allows crosslinking with a simple organic base or a peroxide, and has mechanical properties as good as or better than sulfur crosslinked butyl rubbers.

In one or more embodiments, the present invention provides an way to modify the isoprene unit using an alder-ene reaction to form thermoset compounds comprising the resultant electron-deficient, readily crosslinkable polyisobutylene-based rubber that avoids the use of corrosive bromine or chlorine to make the activated butyl rubber, is easier to crosslink than the halobutyls, allows crosslinking with a simple organic base or a peroxide, and has mechanical properties as good as or better than sulfur crosslinked butyl rubbers.