The invention discloses a method for inhibiting the growth of cancer cells by use of an anti-cancer composition containing a conditioned cell culture medium from mesenchymal stem cells and cytokines. It comprises the steps of applying a composition with a conditioned cell culture medium from stem cells and at least one cytokine to cancer cells for growth inhibition of the cancer cells. The cell culture medium can be conditioned with Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) as an WJMSCs-conditoned cell culture medium, and the at least one cytokine is selected from a group consisting of bone morphogenetic protein-4, Dickkopf-related protein, Interferon-β and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.

The present disclosure provides a method for treating a subject having a coronavirus infection comprising administering to the subject at least one dose of a population of natural killer (NK) cells in an amount effective to reduce the coronavirus infection in the subject. In various embodiments, the NK cells administered to the subject are isolated NK cells, expanded and activated NK cells, or placental-derived NK cells.

The present disclosure relates to cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor polypeptide that binds to a neoepitope of mutant nucleophosmin (NPM1c) in complex with, or presented by, a class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC class I) protein, or cells expressing such compounds, and their use in methods for treating, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of, cancer.

The present disclosure is directed to a feeder-cell free methods of producing an expanded natural killer (NK) cell preparation. This method comprises providing a starting preparation of NK cells and treating the starting preparation with a natural killer cell p30-related protein (NKp30) modulating agent alone or with other expansion agents as described herein. The method further involves culturing the treated preparation under conditions effective to expand the starting preparation of NK cells to produce an expanded NK cell preparation. Other aspects of the disclosure related to therapeutic preparations of NK cells produced in accordance with the methods described herein.

The present invention relates to an in vitro culture of haematopoietic cells, wherein said haematopoietic cells differentiate to form granulocytes characterised by the ability to kill cancer cells. The invention also relates to said granulocytes, methods for identifying said haematopoietic cells and granulocytes, compositions and kits comprising the same, as well as uses of the same for treating cancer.

A kit for use in adding to a cultural medium for culturing natural killer (NK) cells includes a B unit including a basic solution including IL-2, L-glutamine dissolved in a cell culture medium, a C1 unit including of a cytokine 1 solution including IL-12 and IL-18 dissolved in the basic solution, a C2 unit including of a cytokine 2 solution including IL-15 dissolved in the basic solution, an A1 unit including of an antibody 1 solution including an anti-CD16 antibody and an anti-CD56 antibody dissolved in the basic solution, an A2 unit including of an antibody 2 solution including the antibody 1 solution and the basic solution in a volume ratio of 1:6-10, and a D unit including of an antibody-cytokine mixed solution including an anti-CD3 antibody dissolved in the cytokine 1 solution.

A feeder cell for culturing natural killer (NK) cells, genetically engineered to express membrane bound interleukin-18 (mbIL-18), membrane bound interleukin-21 (mbIL-21), and/or OX40L. A method of proliferating NK cells, including: obtaining a blood sample containing a population of NK cells; and contacting at least a part of the population of NK cells with a genetically engineered cell, where the genetically engineered cell is genetically engineered to express mbIL-18, mbIL-21, and/or OX40L.

A cell genetically engineered for activating natural killer (NK) cells. The genetically engineered cell for activating NK cells synergistically induces the proliferation and activation of NK cells in a sample, thereby producing effects that can be usefully utilized in a method of proliferating NK cells, a method of measuring NK cells proliferated by the method, or an activation degree of NK cells, or a method of diagnosing an NK cell activity-related disease. A feeder cell for culturing a natural killer (NK) cell, genetically engineered to express membrane bound interleukin-18 (mbIL-18) and membrane bound interleukin-21 (mbIL-21).

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) represent innate versions of T helper and cytotoxic T cells that differentiate from committed ILC precursors (ILCP). Still, how ILCP relate to mature tissue-resident ILCs remains unclear. ILCP that are present in the blood and all tested lymphoid and non-lymphoid human tissues were identified. Human ILCP fail to express the signature transcription factors (TF) and cytokine outputs of mature NK cells and ILCs but are epigenetically poised to do so. Human ILCP robustly generate all ILC subsets in vitro and in vivo. While human ILCP express RAR related orphan receptor C (RORC), circulating ILCP can be found in RORC-deficient patients that retain potential for EOMES.sup.+ NK cells, T-BET.sup.+ ILC1, GATA-3.sup.+ ILC2 and for IL-22.sup.+ but not for IL-17A.sup.+ ILC3. A model of tissue ILC differentiation (‘ILC-poiesis’) is proposed whereby diverse ILC subsets are generated in situ from ILCP in response to environmental stressors, inflammation and infection.

Several embodiments disclosed herein relate to methods and processes for the co-expansion of multiple types of immune cells, in order to generate a mixed cell population. Some embodiments relate to the use of various stimuli specific to the various subpopulations to achieve expansion of those subpopulations at a particular time in a culturing process in order to generate an expanded population of immune cells having a desired ratio of the various subpopulations. In several embodiments, such mixed cell populations exhibit desirable characteristics, such as cytotoxic effects against tumor cells that enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.