The present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound and having a negative dielectric anisotropy () and PSA or PSVA liquid crystal display element produced by using the same. The liquid crystal composition according to the present invention can provide PSA or PSVA liquid crystal display element, in which a sufficient pretilt angle is included, the amount of remaining monomer is small, there are no or almost no problems, e.g., alignment defects and display defects, arisen from a low voltage holding rate (VHR) and the like, and excellent response performance is exhibited. A liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is useful for an active-matrix-drive liquid crystal display element and can be applied to PSA, PSVA, and other liquid crystal display elements.

A method for reducing the transmittance of ultraviolet radiation through an intraocular lens to 10% or less at 370 mm Additionally, a method for preventing the transmittance of at least 90% of ultraviolet radiation at 370 nm through a foldable intraocular lens comprising: (a) incorporating a monomer comprising a 4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy moiety into at least one polymer and (b) forming the polymer into a material suitable for use as an intraocular lens, wherein the monomer comprising a 4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy moiety comprises 0.10 to 0.15 weight percent of the overall dry polymer.

A method for reducing the transmittance of ultraviolet radiation through an intraocular lens to 10% or less at 370 mm Additionally, a method for preventing the transmittance of at least 90% of ultraviolet radiation at 370 nm through a foldable intraocular lens comprising: (a) incorporating a monomer comprising a 4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy moiety into at least one polymer and (b) forming the polymer into a material suitable for use as an intraocular lens, wherein the monomer comprising a 4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy moiety comprises 0.10 to 0.15 weight percent of the overall dry polymer.

A cross-linkable rubber composition for a seal material which is used at an oilfield or gas well comprising a nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber which contains ,-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units 10 to 60 wt % and has an iodine value of 120 or less, an ,-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid metal salt (B), and an organic peroxide cross-linking agent (C) is provided. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rubber composition which is excellent in shapeability, is high in durability against hydrogen sulfide and other corrosive gases, and is suitable for application as a seal material which is used at an oilfield or gas well.

A cross-linkable rubber composition for a seal material which is used at an oilfield or gas well comprising a nitrile group-containing copolymer rubber which contains ,-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units 10 to 60 wt % and has an iodine value of 120 or less, an ,-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid metal salt (B), and an organic peroxide cross-linking agent (C) is provided. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rubber composition which is excellent in shapeability, is high in durability against hydrogen sulfide and other corrosive gases, and is suitable for application as a seal material which is used at an oilfield or gas well.

A method of preparing a branched polymer comprises the free radical polymerisation of a multivinyl monomer in the presence of a chain transfer agent, using a source of radicals, wherein the extent of propagation is controlled relative to the extent of chain transfer to prevent gelation of the polymer. The average length of each vinyl polymer chain within the product is short.