Flame-retardant mixtures containing: a) salt of phosphinic acid of formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 mean, independently of each other, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, aryl- or aralkyl, substituted as applicable, M is m-valent cation, and m means 1 to 4, b) salt of phosphinic acid of formula (II), differing from component a), wherein R3 means substituted, as applicable, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, cycloalkyl-alkyl, aryl- or aralkyl, preferably with alkyl radicals as substituents, R4 is alkyl having even number of carbon atoms (if R1 and/or R2 are alkyl, R4 has double, triple or quadruple the number of carbon atoms of R1 or R2), M is n-valent cation and n means 1 to 4, c) organylphosphonate, d) phosphite, e) as applicable, a representative selected from the group consisting of triazine complex, polyphosphate, hypophosphite, nitrogenous diphosphate, organophosphate, phosphazene and/or polyphosphonate, f) as applicable, a representative selected from the group consisting of metal hydroxide, metal carbonate, metal borate, zinc stannate and/or intumescence additive, and g) as applicable, pigment, wherein at least one of components e) and/or f) must be present in the mixture. The mixtures can use thermoplastic and elastomeric polymers to produce flame-retardant polymer compositions, which are exceptionally suitable for producing cable sheathing or cable insulation.

The invention relates to flame-retardant polyamide compositions with a glow wire ignition temperature of not less than 775° C., comprising polyamide having a melting point of not more than 290° C. as component A, fillers and/or reinforcers as component B, phosphinic salt of the formula (I) as component C

##STR00001## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are ethyl, M is Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p or Zn, m is 2 to 3, and p=(4−m)/2 compound selected from the group of the Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p and Zn salts of ethylbutylphosphinic acid, of dibutylphosphinic acid, of ethylhexylphosphinic acid, of butylhexylphosphinic acid and/or of dihexylphosphinic acid as component D phosphonic salt of the formula (II) as component E

##STR00002## in which R.sub.3 is ethyl, Met is Al, Fe, TiO.sub.q or Zn, n is 2 to 3, and q=(4−n)/2, and melamine polyphosphate having an average degree of condensation of 2 to 200 as component F.

The polyamide compositions can be used for production of fibers, films and shaped bodies, especially for applications in the electricals and electronics sector.

The invention relates to a glass fiber filled flame retardant polypropylene composition comprising (A) a polypropylene-based polymer, (B) a first flame retardant in an amount of 15 to 40 wt % of the total composition, wherein the first flame retardant is in the form of particles comprising ammonium polyphosphate and at least one phosphate selected from the group consisting of melamine phosphate, melamine polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, piperazine phosphate, piperazine polyphosphate, piperazine pyrophosphate, 2-methylpiperazine monophosphate, tricresyl phosphate, alkyl phosphates, haloalkyl phosphates, tetraphenyl pyrophosphate, poly(2-hydroxy propylene spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphate) and poly(2,2-dimethylpropylene spirocyclic pentaerythritol bishosphonate), (C) a second flame retardant in an amount of 0.1 to 15 wt % of the total composition, wherein the second flame retardant comprises an aromatic phosphate ester and (D) glass fibers in an amount of 5 to 40 wt % of the total composition.

The invention relates to a glass fiber filled flame retardant polypropylene composition comprising (A) a polypropylene-based polymer, (B) a first flame retardant in an amount of 15 to 40 wt % of the total composition, wherein the first flame retardant is in the form of particles comprising ammonium polyphosphate and at least one phosphate selected from the group consisting of melamine phosphate, melamine polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, piperazine phosphate, piperazine polyphosphate, piperazine pyrophosphate, 2-methylpiperazine monophosphate, tricresyl phosphate, alkyl phosphates, haloalkyl phosphates, tetraphenyl pyrophosphate, poly(2-hydroxy propylene spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphate) and poly(2,2-dimethylpropylene spirocyclic pentaerythritol bishosphonate), (C) a second flame retardant in an amount of 0.1 to 15 wt % of the total composition, wherein the second flame retardant comprises an aromatic phosphate ester and (D) glass fibers in an amount of 5 to 40 wt % of the total composition.

A battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a positive electrode lead which is connected to the positive electrode, and a protective tape which covers the positive electrode lead. The protective tape includes a base material layer and an adhesive layer that is arranged on the base material layer; and the adhesive layer contains an adhesive material and a filler which contains at least one compound that is selected from among phosphoric acid group-containing compounds, boric acid group-containing compounds and silicic acid group-containing compounds.

A thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is characterized by including: about 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin; about 10-80 parts by weight of a flame retardant other than sodium phosphate; about 1-25 parts by weight of zinc oxide having an average particle size of about 0.2-3 μm and a specific surface area BET of about 1-10 m.sup.2/g; and about 1-50 parts by weight of sodium phosphate. The thermoplastic resin composition has excellent antibacterial properties, flame retardant properties, chemical-resistant antibacterial properties, and the like.

A thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is characterized by including: about 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin; about 10-80 parts by weight of a flame retardant other than sodium phosphate; about 1-25 parts by weight of zinc oxide having an average particle size of about 0.2-3 μm and a specific surface area BET of about 1-10 m.sup.2/g; and about 1-50 parts by weight of sodium phosphate. The thermoplastic resin composition has excellent antibacterial properties, flame retardant properties, chemical-resistant antibacterial properties, and the like.

In a flame retardant composition containing (poly)phosphoric acid amine salts, the amine excess ratio (mol %) represented by formula (I) is 0.01-10 mol %. In the formula, n represents the number of types of amines in the (poly)phosphoric acid amine salt, and A.sub.1-A.sub.n represent the maximum number of dissociation steps of each amine. Here, the maximum number of dissociation steps is the maximum number of dissociation steps with a base dissociation constant pKb at 25° C. in the 0-13 range. B.sub.1-B.sub.n represent the number of mol of the amine when an amine is assumed to be present alone in the (poly)phosphoric acid amine salt.

In a flame retardant composition containing (poly)phosphoric acid amine salts, the amine excess ratio (mol %) represented by formula (I) is 0.01-10 mol %. In the formula, n represents the number of types of amines in the (poly)phosphoric acid amine salt, and A.sub.1-A.sub.n represent the maximum number of dissociation steps of each amine. Here, the maximum number of dissociation steps is the maximum number of dissociation steps with a base dissociation constant pKb at 25° C. in the 0-13 range. B.sub.1-B.sub.n represent the number of mol of the amine when an amine is assumed to be present alone in the (poly)phosphoric acid amine salt.

The present invention provides an artificial marble composition and an artificial marble using the same, the composition including (A) 100 parts by weight of an acrylic resin syrup, (B) 150 parts by weight to 250 parts by weight of an aluminum-based inorganic filler, (C) 8 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of a phosphorus-based flame retardant, and (D) 35 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of a magnesium-based flame retardant.