Provided herein is a composition used for a clutch of an automatic transmission. The composition improves fuel economy and abrasion resistance by enhancing a frictional property of a clutch and improving efficiency of the automatic transmission.

An aqueous lubricant for metal material plastic working, which can form a lubricating coating having excellent lubricity (moisture absorption resistance) under a high humidity environment, seizure resistance to metal working with high difficulty, and the like, and further has excellent long-term agent stability; a metal material having a lubricating coating formed by the aqueous lubricant on/over a surface of the metal material; and a metal processed article obtained by molding the metal material are provided. The above problem can be solved by using an aqueous lubricant for metal material plastic working in which an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid having 5 to 8 carbon atoms and a solubility in water at 20 C. of 10 g/100 mL or more and an alkaline earth metal compound are blended in water, or an alkaline earth metal salt of the aliphatic polycarboxylic acid is dissolved or dispersed in water.

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.

This invention relates to malienated derivatives made from maleic anhydride, functionalized monomers, and one or more additional reagents, e.g., an oxygen-containing reagent (e.g., alcohol, polyol), a nitrogen-containing reagent (e.g., amine, polyamine, aminoalcohol), a metal and/or a metal compound. The invention relates to lubricants, functional fluids, fuels, dispersants, detergents and functional compositions (e.g., cleaning solutions, food compositions, etc.)

Lubricating oil compositions and methods of their use are provided herein. A lubricating oil composition as described herein includes a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver in an amount of from about 1.5 wt. % to 2.0 wt. % based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and a dispersant. The amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver includes a reaction product of an acylated olefin copolymer and a polyamine. The dispersant includes reaction product of components (A) a hydrocarbyl-dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of from about 500 to about 5000 and (B) at least one polyamine, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with (C) an aromatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid, or an aromatic anhydride, wherein all carboxylic acid or anhydride groups are attached directly to an aromatic ring, and/or (D) a non-aromatic dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of less than about 500.

Lubricating oil compositions and methods of their use are provided herein. A lubricating oil composition as described herein includes a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver in an amount of from about 1.5 wt. % to 2.0 wt. % based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and a dispersant. The amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver includes a reaction product of an acylated olefin copolymer and a polyamine. The dispersant includes reaction product of components (A) a hydrocarbyl-dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of from about 500 to about 5000 and (B) at least one polyamine, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with (C) an aromatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid, or an aromatic anhydride, wherein all carboxylic acid or anhydride groups are attached directly to an aromatic ring, and/or (D) a non-aromatic dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of less than about 500.

Described herein is a simplified process for a pretreatment of metallic substrates for cold forming. Also described herein are a corresponding reactive lubricant, a metallic substrate which has been pretreated by the process, and a method of using the pretreated metallic substrate.

A method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil while maintaining or improving cleanliness by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one boron-containing compound and at least one overbased calcium detergent as minor components. The at least one boron-containing compound includes at least one borated dispersant, or a mixture of a boron-containing compound and a non-borated dispersant. The boron to nitrogen ratio for the at least one boron-containing compound is less than or equal to about 0.3 and the lubricating oil is essentially free of elemental magnesium. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are particularly advantageous as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

An electrorheological composition has corrosion-inhibiting properties and contains at least one organic ionic compound as an electrolyte. Also disclosed are methods for the production thereof and the use thereof.