Provided are a recombinant microorganism including a first genetic modification that increases activity of haloalkane dehalogenase (HAD) and a second genetic modification that increases expression of at least one of RcIR, RcIA, RcIB, and RcIC; a composition for reducing a concentration of fluorinated methane in a sample, wherein the composition includes the recombinant microorganism; and a method of reducing a concentration of fluorinated methane in a sample.

The present invention relates to a vector for the expression of recombinant proteins, antigens, pathogen-like particles and immunogenic complexes, said vector (pMRKA vector) being produced by modifying the plasmids containing the gene sequence of the T7 promoter of E. coli, this modification being mainly characterized by the substitution of the ampicillin-resistance gene by the kanamycin-resistance gene, and by the insertion of the par sequence (partition sequence which determines the efficient segregation of the plasmids in daughter cells during cell division). Also provided are expression vectors based on the pMRKA plasmid, which additionally comprise at least one of the gene sequences of the exosome of P. abyssi, which vectors are designated pMRKA-EXO, pMRKA-RING and pSUMAC. The invention also provides the vectors additionally comprising gene sequences with immunomodulatory or immunoregulatory activity, preferably the pMRKA-Z-Z-EXO and pMRKA-Z-Z-RING vectors. Other aspects of the invention include the method for producing said expression vectors and the use of the obtained vectors.

The present invention relates to a vector for the expression of recombinant proteins, antigens, pathogen-like particles and immunogenic complexes, said vector (pMRKA vector) being produced by modifying the plasmids containing the gene sequence of the T7 promoter of E. coli, this modification being mainly characterized by the substitution of the ampicillin-resistance gene by the kanamycin-resistance gene, and by the insertion of the par sequence (partition sequence which determines the efficient segregation of the plasmids in daughter cells during cell division). Also provided are expression vectors based on the pMRKA plasmid, which additionally comprise at least one of the gene sequences of the exosome of P. abyssi, which vectors are designated pMRKA-EXO, pMRKA-RING and pSUMAC. The invention also provides the vectors additionally comprising gene sequences with immunomodulatory or immunoregulatory activity, preferably the pMRKA-Z-Z-EXO and pMRKA-Z-Z-RING vectors. Other aspects of the invention include the method for producing said expression vectors and the use of the obtained vectors.

The present invention relates generally to a method of modifying gene expression and to synthetic genes for modifying endogenous gene expression in a cell, tissue or organ of a transgenic organism, in particular a transgenic animal or plant. More particularly, the present invention utilizes recombinant DNA technology to post-transcriptionally modify or modulate the expression of a target gene in a cell, tissue organ or whole organism, thereby producing novel phenotypes. Novel synthetic genes and genetic constructs which are capable of repressing delaying or otherwise reducing the expression of an endogenous gene or target gene in an organism when introduced thereto are also provided.

The present invention relates generally to a method of modifying gene expression and to synthetic genes for modifying endogenous gene expression in a cell, tissue or organ of a transgenic organism, in particular a transgenic animal or plant. More particularly, the present invention utilizes recombinant DNA technology to post-transcriptionally modify or modulate the expression of a target gene in a cell, tissue organ or whole organism, thereby producing novel phenotypes. Novel synthetic genes and genetic constructs which are capable of repressing delaying or otherwise reducing the expression of an endogenous gene or target gene in an organism when introduced thereto are also provided.

Disclosed are eukaryotic expression systems and methods for the selection of mammalian cell lines that produce proteins of interest, such as therapeutic proteins. The systems and methods allow for a simple and fast selection of cells mediating high levels of recombinant protein production. The systems and methods decrease the efforts and time needed to bring a new therapeutic protein to the patients, and also lower the cost of the therapeutic protein by increasing the productivity of cells in a bioreactor.

Disclosed are eukaryotic expression systems and methods for the selection of mammalian cell lines that produce proteins of interest, such as therapeutic proteins. The systems and methods allow for a simple and fast selection of cells mediating high levels of recombinant protein production. The systems and methods decrease the efforts and time needed to bring a new therapeutic protein to the patients, and also lower the cost of the therapeutic protein by increasing the productivity of cells in a bioreactor.

Fungal artificial chromosome (FAC) vectors are disclosed. A vector can be replicated in a bacterial or a fungal host, and can comprise an insert of heterologous DNA up to about 500 kilobases. A vector can be used for cloning and expressing a secondary metabolite (SM) gene cluster. An insert sequence can be modified by homologous recombination. A vector can be a plasmid comprising bacterial and fungal origins of replication, as well as bacterial and fungal selection marker genes. Also disclosed are vectors that can be integrated into a fungal genome, and dual function vectors which can be replicated in a bacterial or a fungal host and can also be integrated into a fungal genome. Also disclosed are methods of generating plasmid libraries including vectors comprising intact SM gene clusters.

Fungal artificial chromosome (FAC) vectors are disclosed. A vector can be replicated in a bacterial or a fungal host, and can comprise an insert of heterologous DNA up to about 500 kilobases. A vector can be used for cloning and expressing a secondary metabolite (SM) gene cluster. An insert sequence can be modified by homologous recombination. A vector can be a plasmid comprising bacterial and fungal origins of replication, as well as bacterial and fungal selection marker genes. Also disclosed are vectors that can be integrated into a fungal genome, and dual function vectors which can be replicated in a bacterial or a fungal host and can also be integrated into a fungal genome. Also disclosed are methods of generating plasmid libraries including vectors comprising intact SM gene clusters.

A DNA sequence that functions as an origin in many different yeast species. From 1 to 17 mutations can be introduced into this sequence to improve its function across multiple yeasts. The resulting synthetic DNA sequence confers stable plasmid replication function in all yeast species tested, including but not limited to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lachancea kluyveri, Kluyveromyces lactis, Kluyveromyces wickerhammii, Hansenula polymorpha, and Pichia pastoris. Also provided are sequences that function as an optimal origin in the industrially useful Pichia pastoris.