An ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) system that reduces atmospheric CO.sub.2 and mitigates ocean acidification by electrochemically processing feedstock solution (e.g., seawater or brine) to generate an alkalinity product that is then supplied to the ocean. The OAE system includes a base-generating device and a control circuit disposed within a modular system housing deployed near a salt feedstock. The base-generating device (e.g., a bipolar electrodialysis (BPED) system) generates a base substance that is then used to generate the ocean alkalinity product. The control circuit controls the base-generating device such that the alkalinity product is supplied to the ocean only when (1) sufficient low/zero-carbon electricity is available, (2) it is safe to operate the base-generating device, and (3) supplying the alkalinity product will not endanger sea life. Modified BPED systems include features that facilitate autonomous system operations including enhanced maintenance cycle operations and a reduced reliance on external fresh water sources.

A method and apparatus for removing specific contaminants from an aqueous solution in a recirculating tank or linear treatment system is described. An aqueous solution is pumped into a reaction chamber. Measurements from the aqueous solution are collected, including one or more of Free Chlorine, Total Chlorine, Total Ammonia Nitrogen, pH, bacteria in the tank, and Oxidation Reduction Potential. In response to the measurements collected, one or more of pump speed, injection of pH precursors prior to the reaction chamber, reaction chamber electrode voltage, current, infusion rate of the chlorine, and contact time of the aqueous solution with the chlorine, are adjusted.

A sterilized water generator to control some of a plurality of electrolysis modules not to perform electrolysis on water brought into the sterilized water generator. The sterilized water generator includes a water inlet pipe through which water flows in; a water outlet pipe through which sterilized water flows out; a plurality of electrolysis modules arranged in parallel between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe and configured to turn the water brought in through the water inlet pipe to the sterilized water; and a controller configured to control a forward voltage not to be applied to a first electrolysis module of the plurality of electrolysis modules, control the forward voltage to be applied to a second electrolysis module of the plurality of electrolysis modules, and change electrolysis modules corresponding to the first and second electrolysis modules of the plurality of electrolysis modules based on a lapse of time.

The present invention relates to systems and methods for cleaning materials, such as flooring and upholstery. In some cases, the systems and methods use an electrolytic cell to electrolyze a solution comprising sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium acetate, sodium percarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and/or any other suitable chemical to generate electrolyzed alkaline water and/or electrolyzed oxidizing water. In some cases, the cell comprises a recirculation loop that recirculates anolyte through an anode compartment of the cell. In some cases, the cell further comprises a senor and a processor, where the processor is configured to automatically change an operation of the cell, based on a reading from the sensor. In some cases, a fluid flows past a magnet before entering the cell. In some additional cases, fluid from the cell is conditioned by being split into multiple conduits that run in proximity to each other. Additional implementations are described.

A method for selectively optimizing water chemistry within a wellbore may include positioning a system tubing in the wellbore. The system tubing may include an electrochemical cell, a first chamber, and a second chamber. The method may also include injecting a fluid into the electrochemical cell and directing an electrical current into the electrochemical cell wherein the fluid separates by charge into a first fluid and a second fluid. The method may also include passing the first fluid into the first chamber and the second fluid into the second chamber. Also, the method may include rotating the system tubing, wherein the first fluid flows from the first chamber to the wellbore though a first radial conduit and the second fluid flows from the second chamber to the wellbore through a second radial conduit.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, relate to a method for carbon capture from sea water. A first source of sea water into a reverse osmosis chamber. Reverse osmosis is performed on the sea water to produce fresh water and brine. The brine is provided to an electrolyzer. A current is passed through the brine and fresh water, thereby producing a hydroxide solution in a cathode chamber of the electrolyzer. The hydroxide solution is collected and placed into a contacting chamber and new sea water introduced. Precipitates are produced comprising at least calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate.

An improved bio-electrochemical wastewater treatment process and system (1) is disclosed. An electrode assembly (4) is defined by interconnecting a set of electrode modules (5). Each electrode module (5) has a first electrode of an anode-cathode pair coated with electrogenic microbes adapted to generate electrons via the consumption of organic matter in wastewater. An electrode module (5) has a second electrode of the anode-cathode pair, and a body, supporting and separating the first and second electrodes. Each electrode module (5) also comprises an interface for physically connecting the module with at least one other of the set.

A water conditioning system of an electrodialysis reversal (EDR) water purifier includes a first source water inlet, a second source water inlet, an EDR film stack, a first conductive probe, a second conductive probe, a third conductive probe, a fourth conductive probe, a variable speed pump, a one-way valve, a clean water outlet, a waste water outlet, an electrode A, an electrode B, and a control system module. With the four conductive probes detecting conductivity of water flowing through four ports on two sides of the EDR film stack and by sending detected data to the control system module, the control system module adjusts voltages of the electrode A and electrode B accordingly to instantly increase or decrease removal efficiency of the EDR film stack. Thus, the conductivity of the discharged clean water and the quality of the clean water can be stabilized.

Methods and apparatus for controlling electrolysis in an electrolytic cell in order to maintain constant concentration of the disinfectant irrespective of the rate of electrolyte concentration or oxidant production in the electrolytic cell.

A system for detecting, fluid flow in an electrolytic sanitizer generator. The fluid flow detection system provides for an efficient detection of the flow of water across the electrodes or blades of an electrolysis cell. The fluid flow detection system in one embodiment includes an electronic fluid flow controller operatively coupled to the electrolytic sanitizer generator. In another embodiment the fluid flow detection system includes a light fluid flow detection system operatively coupled to the electrolytic sanitizer generator. In yet another embodiment, the fluid flow detection system includes both an electronic fluid flow controller and a light fluid flow detection system operatively coupled to the electrolytic sanitizer generator to provide redundancy to the flow detection system.