The present disclosure provides a glass ceramic composite electrolyte comprising gadolinium doped ceria and glass composite with desired ionic conductivity in the temperature range of 400 to 600° C., suitable for applications in solid oxide fuel cells. Also disclosed is a process for the preparation of the glass ceramic composite electrolyte.

A method of spreading fiber tows includes assembling a fibrous composite from a plurality of tows, applying an aqueous solution to the fibrous composite, freezing the fibrous composite after applying the aqueous solution, freeze drying the fibrous composite to remove water from the fibrous composite, and heating the fibrous composite after freeze drying to remove a cryoprotectant from the fibrous composite. The aqueous solution comprises water and the cryoprotectant and freezing the fibrous composite spreads filaments within the plurality of fiber tows.

A polycrystalline ceramic solid and a method for producing a polycrystalline ceramic solid are disclosed. In an embodiment a polycrystalline ceramic solid includes a main phase with a composition of the general formula: (1-y)Pb.sub.a(Mg.sub.bNb.sub.c)O.sub.3-e+yPb.sub.aTi.sub.dO.sub.3 with 0.055≤y≤0.065, 0.95≤a≤1.02, 0.29≤b≤0.36, 0.63≤c≤0.69, 0.9≤d≤1.1, and 0≤e≤0.1, and optionally one or more secondary phases, wherein, in each section through the solid, a proportion of the secondary phases relative to any given cross-sectional area through the solid is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, or wherein the solid is free of the secondary phases.

The present application provides vanadium dioxide doped with Ti, or vanadium dioxide further doped with other atoms selected from the group of W, Ta, Mo, and Nb. The vanadium dioxide of the present application is excellent in moisture resistance and in which deterioration of endothermic characteristics due to moisture is suppressed.

Provided is a crystalline silicon carbide fiber containing silicon carbide, boron nitride, and zirconium carbide and having a content of Si of 64% by weight or more and a content of C of 28% by weight or more, in which the average particle size of SiC crystal grains is 100 nm or more.

Disclosed are a ten-membered fergusonite structure high-entropy oxide ceramic and a preparation method thereof, where the high-entropy oxide ceramic has a monoclinic structure, with a chemical formula of RENbO.sub.4, and the RE is any ten rare-earth cations selected from a group consisting of La.sup.3+, Ce.sup.3+, Pr.sup.3+, Nd.sup.3+, Sm.sup.3+, Eu.sup.3+, Gd.sup.3+, Dy.sup.3+, Ho.sup.3+, Er.sup.3+, Tm.sup.3+, Yb.sup.3+, Lu.sup.3+ and Y.sup.3+. The ten rare-earth cations have a molar ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 and equal share of RE position. According to the application, by adopting solid state reaction, the fergusonite structure high-entropy oxide ceramic with single-phase structure, uniform element distribution and stable phase is obtained. The high-entropy oxide ceramic prepared by the application is simple in process, uniform in chemical composition and microstructure, and convenient to realize on-demand regulation on properties through a combination of different elements.

To provide an alumina-based fibrous mass having a high areal pressure and is usable as a holding material for an exhaust gas cleaners and a production process thereof; the alumina-based fibrous mass has a chemical composition containing an Al.sub.2O.sub.3 in an amount of 70% or more and less than 90% and having a total pore volume of 0.0055 mL/g or less.

The present invention relates to a mesoporous silica/ceria-silica composite and a method for preparing a mesoporous composite and, more specifically, to a mesoporous silica/ceria-silica composite which is composed of mesoporous silica having a hexagonal or cubic structure and ceria having a hexagonal structure provided on a surface and pores of the mesoporous silica, the oxidation state of the ceria being Ce.sup.4+ and Ce.sup.3+.

A dielectric material which satisfies X9M characteristics and ensures operations over an extended period of time at 200° C. is provided.

A composite polycrystal contains polycrystalline diamond formed of diamond grains that are directly bonded mutually, and non-diamond carbon dispersed in the polycrystalline diamond, and has a concentration of contained hydrogen of greater than 1000 ppm and less than or equal to 20000 ppm.